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PHP导入导出Excel步骤

热度:199   发布时间:2012-12-18 12:43:41.0
PHP导入导出Excel方法
原作者:冰山上的播客
看到这篇文章的时候,很是惊讶原作者的耐心,虽然我们在平时用的也有一些,但没有作者列出来的全,写excel的时候,我用过pear的库,也用过pack压包的头,同样那些利用smarty等作的简单替换xml的也用过,csv的就更不用谈了。呵呵。(COM方式不讲了,这种可读的太多了,我也写过利用wps等进行word等的生成之类的文章 )
但是在读的时候,只用过一种,具体是什么忘了,要回去翻代码了。因为采用的是拿来主义,记不住。
原文地址:http://xinsync.xju.edu.cn/index.php/archives/3858
原文内容:

最近因项目需要,需要开发一个模块,把系统中的一些数据导出成Excel,修改后再导回系统。就趁机对这个研究了一番,下面进行一些总结。
基本上导出的文件分为两种:
1:类Excel格式,这个其实不是传统意义上的Excel文件,只是因为Excel的兼容能力强,能够正确打开而已。修改这种文件后再保存,通常会提示你是否要转换成Excel文件。
优点:简单。
缺点:难以生成格式,如果用来导入需要自己分别编写相应的程序。
2:Excel格式,与类Excel相对应,这种方法生成的文件更接近于真正的Excel格式。

如果导出中文时出现乱码,可以尝试将字符串转换成gb2312,
例如下面就把$yourStr从utf-8转换成了gb2312:
$yourStr = mb_convert_encoding(”gb2312″, “UTF-8″, $yourStr);

下面详细列举几种方法。

一、PHP导出Excel
1:第一推荐无比风骚的PHPExcel,官方网站: http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel
导入导出都成,可以导出office2007格式,同时兼容2003。
下载下来的包中有文档和例子,大家可以自行研究。
抄段例子出来:


PHP代码
<?php   
/**  
* PHPExcel  
*  
* Copyright (C) 2006 - 2007 PHPExcel  
*  
* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or  
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public  
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either  
* version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.  
*  
* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,  
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of  
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU  
* Lesser General Public License for more details.  
*  
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public  
* License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software  
* Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA  
*  
* @category   PHPExcel  
* @package    PHPExcel  
* @copyright  Copyright (c) 2006 - 2007 PHPExcel ( http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel)  
* @license    http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.txt    LGPL  
* @version    1.5.0, 2007-10-23  
*/   
   
/** Error reporting */   
error_reporting(E_ALL);   
   
/** Include path **/   
set_include_path(get_include_path() . PATH_SEPARATOR . ‘../Classes/’);   
   
/** PHPExcel */   
include ‘PHPExcel.php’;   
   
/** PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007 */   
include ‘PHPExcel/Writer/Excel2007.php’;   
   
// Create new PHPExcel object   
echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Create new PHPExcel object\n”;   
$objPHPExcel = new PHPExcel();   
   
// Set properties   
echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Set properties\n”;   
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCreator(”Maarten Balliauw”);   
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setLastModifiedBy(”Maarten Balliauw”);   
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setTitle(”Office 2007 XLSX Test Document”);   
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setSubject(”Office 2007 XLSX Test Document”);   
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setDescrīption(”Test document for Office 2007 XLSX, generated using PHP classes.”);   
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setKeywords(”office 2007 openxml php”);   
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCategory(”Test result file”);   
   
// Add some data   
echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Add some data\n”;   
$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0);   
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(’A1′, ‘Hello’);   
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(’B2′, ‘world!’);   
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(’C1′, ‘Hello’);   
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(’D2′, ‘world!’);   
   
// Rename sheet   
echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Rename sheet\n”;   
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setTitle(’Simple’);   
   
// Set active sheet index to the first sheet, so Excel opens this as the first sheet   
$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0);   
   
// Save Excel 2007 file   
echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Write to Excel2007 format\n”;   
$objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007($objPHPExcel);   
$objWriter->save(str_replace(’.php’, ‘.xlsx’, __FILE__));   
   
// Echo done   
echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Done writing file.\r\n”; 
 



2、使用pear的Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer类
下载地址: http://pear.php.net/package/Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer
此类依赖于OLE,下载地址:http://pear.php.net/package/OLE
需要注意的是导出的Excel文件格式比较老,修改后保存会提示是否转换成更新的格式。
不过可以设定格式,很强大。

<?php   
require_once ‘Spreadsheet/Excel/Writer.php’;   
   
// Creating a workbook   
$workbook = new Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer();   
   
// sending HTTP headers   
$workbook->send(’test.xls’);   
   
// Creating a worksheet   
$worksheet =& $workbook->addWorksheet(’My first worksheet’);   
   
// The actual data   
$worksheet->write(0, 0, ‘Name’);   
$worksheet->write(0, 1, ‘Age’);   
$worksheet->write(1, 0, ‘John Smith’);   
$worksheet->write(1, 1, 30);   
$worksheet->write(2, 0, ‘Johann Schmidt’);   
$worksheet->write(2, 1, 31);   
$worksheet->write(3, 0, ‘Juan Herrera’);   
$worksheet->write(3, 1, 32);   
   
// Let’s send the file   
$workbook->close();   
?> 


3:利用smarty,生成符合Excel规范的XML或HTML文件
支持格式,非常完美的导出方案。不过导出来的的本质上还是XML文件,如果用来导入就需要另外处理了。
详细内容请见rardge大侠的帖子:http://bbs.chinaunix.net/viewthread.php?tid=745757

需要注意的是如果导出的表格行数不确定时,最好在模板中把”ss:ExpandedColumnCount=”5″ ss:ExpandedRowCount=”21″”之类的东西删掉。

4、利用pack函数打印出模拟Excel格式的断句符号

这种更接近于Excel标准格式,用office2003修改后保存,还不会弹出提示,推荐用这种方法。
缺点是无格式。

<?php   
// Send Header   
header(”Pragma: public”);   
header(”Expires: 0″);   
header(”Cache-Control: must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0″);   
header(”Content-Type: application/force-download”);   
header(”Content-Type: application/octet-stream”);   
header(”Content-Type: application/download”);;   
header(”Content-Disposition: attachment;filename=test.xls “);   
header(”Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary “);   
// XLS Data Cell   
   
xlsBOF();   
xlsWriteLabel(1,0,”My excel line one”);   
xlsWriteLabel(2,0,”My excel line two : “);   
xlsWriteLabel(2,1,”Hello everybody”);   
   
xlsEOF();   
   
function xlsBOF() {   
echo pack(”ssssss”, 0×809, 0×8, 0×0, 0×10, 0×0, 0×0);   
return;   
}   
function xlsEOF() {   
echo pack(”ss”, 0×0A, 0×00);   
return;   
}   
function xlsWriteNumber($Row, $Col, $Value) {   
echo pack(”sssss”, 0×203, 14, $Row, $Col, 0×0);   
echo pack(”d”, $Value);   
return;   
}   
function xlsWriteLabel($Row, $Col, $Value ) {   
$L = strlen($Value);   
echo pack(”ssssss”, 0×204, 8 + $L, $Row, $Col, 0×0, $L);   
echo $Value;   
return;   
}   
?>  

不过笔者在64位linux系统中使用时失败了,断句符号全部变成了乱码。  
  
5、使用制表符、换行符的方法  
制表符”\t”用户分割同一行中的列,换行符”\t\n”可以开启下一行。  
<?php   
header(”Content-Type: application/vnd.ms-execl”);   
header(”Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=myExcel.xls”);   
header(”Pragma: no-cache”);   
header(”Expires: 0″);   
/*first line*/   
echo “hello”.”\t”;   
echo “world”.”\t”;   
echo “\t\n”;   
   
/*start of second line*/   
echo “this is second line”.”\t”;   
echo “Hi,pretty girl”.”\t”;   
echo “\t\n”;   
?>  



6、使用com
如果你的PHP可以开启com模块,就可以用它来导出Excel文件
<?PHP   
$filename = “c:/spreadhseet/test.xls”;   
$sheet1 = 1;   
$sheet2 = “sheet2″;   
$excel_app = new COM(”Excel.application”) or Die (”Did not connect”);   
print “Application name: {$excel_app->Application->value}\n” ;   
print “Loaded version: {$excel_app->Application->version}\n”;   
$Workbook = $excel_app->Workbooks->Open(”$filename”) or Die(”Did not open $filename $Workbook”);   
$Worksheet = $Workbook->Worksheets($sheet1);   
$Worksheet->activate;   
$excel_cell = $Worksheet->Range(”C4″);   
$excel_cell->activate;   
$excel_result = $excel_cell->value;   
print “$excel_result\n”;   
$Worksheet = $Workbook->Worksheets($sheet2);   
$Worksheet->activate;   
$excel_cell = $Worksheet->Range(”C4″);   
$excel_cell->activate;   
$excel_result = $excel_cell->value;   
print “$excel_result\n”;   
#To close all instances of excel:   
$Workbook->Close;   
unset($Worksheet);   
unset($Workbook);   
$excel_app->Workbooks->Close();   
$excel_app->Quit();   
unset($excel_app);   
?>   

一个更好的例子: http://blog.chinaunix.net/u/16928/showart_387171.html

一、PHP导入Excel

1:还是用PHPExcel,官方网站: http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel。

2:使用PHP-ExcelReader,下载地址: http://sourceforge.net/projects/phpexcelreader
举例:


<?php   
require_once ‘Excel/reader.php’;   
   
// ExcelFile($filename, $encoding);   
$data = new Spreadsheet_Excel_Reader();   
   
// Set output Encoding.   
$data->setOutputEncoding(’utf8′);   
   
$data->read(’ jxlrwtest.xls’);   
   
error_reporting(E_ALL ^ E_NOTICE);   
   
for ($i = 1; $i <= $data->sheets[0]['numRows']; $i++) {   
for ($j = 1; $j <= $data->sheets[0]['numCols']; $j++) {   
echo “\”".$data->sheets[0]['cells'][$i][$j].”\”,”;   
}   
echo “\n”;   
}   
   
?>   

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