Android Ant打包

1. 编译环境的配置

android和java的编译环境和ant工具的安装是必不可少的环节。

• 配置文件ant.properties

  为了在不同的环境下能够顺利地进行编译，需要进行额外的配置，在项目目录下创建配置文件ant.properties。

  首先是android编译工具的选择。我们预留了sdk.dir这个变量是为了不同环境的编译，而 ${exe}和${bat}同样也是如此。也要用java.dir这个变量。

  # android platform
  sdk.platform=${sdk.dir}/platforms/android-19
  sdk.framework.jar=${sdk.platform}/android.jar
  sdk.framework.aidl=${sdk.platform}/framework.aidl# android build tools aapt/aidl/zipalign
  sdk.build.tools=${sdk.dir}/build-tools/19.1.0
  sdk.build.tools.aapt=${sdk.build.tools}/aapt${exe}
  sdk.build.tools.aidl=${sdk.build.tools}/aidl${exe}
  sdk.build.tools.zipalign=${sdk.build.tools}/zipalign${exe}
  sdk.build.tools.dx=${sdk.build.tools}/dx${bat}sdk.tool.lib=${sdk.dir}/tools/lib
  java.tool.jarsigner=${java.dir}/bin/jarsigner${exe}
  

  其次是编译过程中目录和过程文件

  # workspace directory
  asset.dir=assets
  src.dir=src
  gen.dir=gen
  res.dir=res
  bin.dir=bin
  lib.dir=libs
  proguard.home=${sdk.dir}/tools/proguard
  proguard.dir=proguard
  proguard.mapping=${proguard.dir}/mapping.txt
  bin.classes.dir=${bin.dir}/classes
  bin.classes.dex=${bin.dir}/classes.dex
  package.resource=${bin.dir}/resources.ap_
  project.unsigned.apk=${bin.dir}/unsigned.apk
  project.signed.apk=${bin.dir}/signed.apk
  

  最后是keystore文件

  # keystore
  key.keystore=demo.keystore
  key.keystore.storepass=123456
  key.keystore.keypass=123456
  key.keystore.alias=demo
  

• 配置文件proguard-project.txt，主要是自定义混淆文件

  -dontpreverify              #混淆时是否做预校验
  -optimizationpasses 5       #指定代码的压缩级别 
  -dontoptimize               #不优化输入的类文件
  -dontusemixedcaseclassnames #混淆时不会产生形形色色的类名
  -repackageclasses           #把执行后的类重新放在某一个目录下，后跟一个目录名
  -allowaccessmodification    #优化时允许访问并修改有修饰符的类和类的成员-verbose                               #混淆时是否记录日志
  -dontskipnonpubliclibraryclasses       #指定不去忽略非公共的库类
  -dontskipnonpubliclibraryclassmembers  #指定不去忽略包可见的库类的成员-optimizations !code/simplification/arithmetic,!field/*,!class/merging/*   # 混淆时所采用的算法-keep public class * extends android.app.Activity
  -keep public class * extends android.app.Application
  -keep public class * extends android.app.Service
  -keep public class * extends android.content.BroadcastReceiver
  -keep public class * extends android.content.ContentProvider
  -keep public class * extends android.app.backup.BackupAgentHelper
  -keep public class * extends android.preference.Preference
  -keep public class com.android.vending.licensing.ILicensingService-libraryjars libs/android-support-v4.jar
  -keep class android.support.v4.** { *; }  
  -keep interface android.support.v4.app.** { *; }#某些构造方法不能去混淆
  -keep class * extends android.view.View {public <init>(android.content.Context);public <init>(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet);public <init>(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet, int);  
  }
  

2. build.xml文件

• 初始化环境

  定义android、java目录，导入配置文件，清空bin/gen/proguard目录

  <property environment="env" /><condition property="exe" value=".exe" else=""><os family="windows" />
  </condition>
  <condition property="bat" value=".bat" else=""><os family="windows" />
  </condition><condition property="sdk.dir" value="${env.ANDROID_HOME}"><isset property="env.ANDROID_HOME" />
  </condition>
  <failmessage="sdk.dir is missing."unless="sdk.dir" /><condition property="java.dir" value="${env.JAVA_HOME}"><isset property="env.JAVA_HOME" />
  </condition><loadproperties srcFile="ant.properties" />
  <loadproperties srcFile="project.properties" /><target name="init"><echo>${bin.dir}</echo><echo>${gen.dir}</echo><echo>${proguard.dir}</echo><delete dir="${bin.dir}" /><delete dir="${gen.dir}" /><delete dir="${proguard.dir}" /><mkdir dir="${bin.dir}" /><mkdir dir="${gen.dir}" /><mkdir dir="${proguard.dir}" />
  </target>
  

• 生成R.java和aidl文件

  <target name="gen-R" depends="init"><echo> === gen-R begin == </echo><exec executable="${sdk.build.tools.aapt}" failοnerrοr="true">  <arg value="package" /> <arg value="-f" /> 	<!-- force overwrite of existing files --><arg value="-m" /> 	<!-- make package directories under location specified by -J -->  <arg value="-J" />  <!-- specify where to output R.java resource constant definitions --><arg value="${gen.dir}" />  <arg value="-S" />  <!-- directory in which to find resources. Multiple directories will be scann --><arg value="${res.dir}" />  <arg value="-I" />  <!-- add an existing package to base include set --><arg value="${sdk.framework.jar}" /><arg value="-M" />  <!-- specify full path to AndroidManifest.xml to include in zip --><arg value="AndroidManifest.xml" />  <arg value="--auto-add-overlay" /> <!-- 这个重要，覆盖资源，不然报错--></exec><echo> === gen-R end == </echo>
  </target><target name="aidl" depends="init"><echo> === aidl begin == </echo>		<apply executable="${sdk.build.tools.aidl}" failοnerrοr="true">  <arg value="-p${sdk.framework.aidl}" />  <!--  file created by preprocess to import. --><arg value="-I${src.dir}" />  	<!-- search path for import statements. --><arg value="-o${gen.dir}" /> 	<!-- base output folder for generated files --><fileset dir="${src.dir}"><include name="**/*.aidl" />  </fileset>  </apply><echo> === aidl end == </echo>
  </target>
  

• 编译Java文件

  <target name="compile" depends="gen-R,aidl"><echo> === compile begin == </echo><delete dir="${bin.classes.dir}" /><mkdir dir="${bin.classes.dir}" /><javac encoding="UTF-8" destdir="${bin.classes.dir}"srcdir="${src.dir}:${gen.dir}"bootclasspath="${sdk.framework.jar}" includeantruntime="false"target="1.6" source="1.6"> <compilerarg line="-encoding UTF-8 " /><classpath><fileset dir="${lib.dir}" includes="*.jar" /></classpath></javac><echo> === compile end == </echo>
  </target>
  

• 混淆代码，这步可以省略

  <target name="optimize" depends="compile"><jar basedir="${bin.classes.dir}" destfile="temp.jar" /><java fork="true" jar="${proguard.home}/lib/proguard.jar" failοnerrοr="true"><jvmarg value="-Dmaximum.inlined.code.length=32" /><arg value="-injars temp.jar" /><arg value="-outjars optimized.jar" />            <arg value="-printmapping ${proguard.mapping}"/><arg value="-libraryjars ${sdk.framework.jar}" />            <arg value="-dontpreverify" /><arg value="-dontoptimize" /><arg value="-dontusemixedcaseclassnames" /><arg value="-allowaccessmodification" /><arg value="@proguard-project.txt"/>  </java><delete file="temp.jar" /><delete dir="${bin.classes.dir}" /><mkdir dir="${bin.classes.dir}" /><unzip dest="${bin.classes.dir}" src="optimized.jar" /><delete file="optimized.jar" />
  </target>
  

• 生成dex文件

  <target name="dex" depends="optimize"><echo> === dex begin == </echo>				<exec executable="${sdk.build.tools.dx}" failοnerrοr="true">  <arg value="--dex" />  <arg value="--output=${bin.classes.dex}" /> <!-- 输出文件 -->    <arg value="${bin.classes.dir}" /><arg value="${lib.dir}" /></exec><echo> === dex end == </echo>
  </target>
  

• resource文件打包

  <target name="package-assets-res-manifest"><echo> === package-assets-res-manifest begin == </echo><exec executable="${sdk.build.tools.aapt}" failοnerrοr="true"><arg value="package" /> <arg value="-f" />  <!-- Adds the file to the application package. --><arg value="-S" />	<arg value="${res.dir}" /><arg value="-A" />  <arg value="${asset.dir}" />  <arg value="-I" /><arg value="${sdk.framework.jar}" /><arg value="-M" /><arg value="AndroidManifest.xml" /><arg value="-F" /><arg value="${package.resource}" /></exec><echo> === package-assets-res-manifest end == </echo>
  </target>
  

• 生成未签名apk文件

  <target name="build" depends="dex,package-assets-res-manifest"><echo> === build start == </echo><java classpath="${sdk.tool.lib}/sdklib.jar"classname="com.android.sdklib.build.ApkBuilderMain"><arg value="${project.unsigned.apk}" /><arg value="-v" /> <!-- Verbose. --><arg value="-u" /> <!-- Creates an unsigned package. --><arg value="-z" /> <!-- Adds the zip archive content of the application package. --><arg value="${package.resource}" /><arg value="-f" />	<!-- Adds the file to the application package. --><arg value="${bin.classes.dex}" /><arg value="-rf" /><arg value="${src.dir}" /> <!-- Adds the java resources found in that folder to the application package --><arg value="-nf" /><arg value="${lib.dir}" /><arg value="-rj" /> <!-- Adds the java resources found in the jar file(s) to the application package. --><arg value="${lib.dir}" /></java><echo> === build end == </echo>
  </target>
  

• 加签名和优化apk文件

  <target name="jarsigner" depends="build"><echo> === jarsigner start == </echo><exec executable="${java.tool.jarsigner}" failοnerrοr="true"><arg value="-keystore" /><arg value="${key.keystore}" /><arg value="-storepass" /><arg value="${key.keystore.storepass}" /><arg value="-keypass" /><arg value="${key.keystore.keypass}" /><arg value="-digestalg" /><arg value="SHA1" /> <arg value="-sigalg" /> <arg value="MD5withRSA" /><arg value="-signedjar" /><arg value="${project.signed.apk}" /><arg value="${project.unsigned.apk}" /><arg value="${key.keystore.alias}" /></exec><delete file="${project.unsigned.apk}" /><echo> === jarsigner end == </echo>
  </target><tstamp><format property="now" pattern="yyyyMMdd-HHmmss" offset="0" unit="hour"/>
  </tstamp>
  <target name="zipalign" depends="jarsigner"><echo> === zipalign start == </echo><exec executable="${sdk.build.tools.zipalign}"><arg value="-v" /><arg value="4" /><arg value="${project.signed.apk}" /><arg value="${ant.project.name}-${version.name}-${apk.mark}-${now}.apk" /></exec><delete file="${project.signed.apk}" /><echo> === zipalign end == </echo>
  </target>
  

3. 多渠道打包

在AndroidManifest.xml文件中会有以下配置，来表明使用哪种渠道

<meta-data android:value="xx" android:name="UMENG_CHANNEL"/>

在打包时，可以替代value的值。设置变量channel.extension。

<property name="channel.extension" value="demo" />

在init中加入以下内容，

<replaceregexp flags="g" byline="true" encoding="UTF-8"><regexp pattern="android:value="(.*)" android:name="UMENG_CHANNEL"" />  <substitution expression="android:value="${channel.extension}" android:name="UMENG_CHANNEL"" />  <fileset dir="" includes="AndroidManifest.xml" />
</replaceregexp>

多渠道，使用foreach功能，需要添加ant-contrib.jar文件。

<condition property="ant.home" value="${env.ANT_HOME}"><isset property="env.ANT_HOME" />
</condition>
<property name="ant-contrib.jar" ><classpath><pathelement location="${ant.home}/lib/ant-contrib-0.6.jar"/></classpath>
</property>
<taskdef resource="net/sf/antcontrib/antcontrib.properties" classpath="${ant-contrib.jar}" /><target name="channel"><propertyregex override="true" property="channel.extension" input="${channel.name}" regexp="(.*)" select="\1" /><antcall target="zipalign" />
</target><target name="multi.channel"><foreach list="TX,XM" target="channel" param="channel.name" delimiter="," />
</target>

参考文档: http://www.cnblogs.com/wujd/archive/2012/01/10/wujiandong-android-1.html
参考文档: http://blog.csdn.net/catoop/article/details/7614275