robotium+recorder_综合

robotium测试demo

demo是独立app，demo和测试app同时安装到设备上。打开demo点击测试按钮，开始测试。脱离开发环境，测试报告将生成xml文件，通过webview加载到demo上。
https://github.com/RobotiumTech/robotium 下载jar包或者源码。此demo下载源码放入项目中，方便学习，查看。
安装 robotium recorder。官方网址http://robotium.myshopify.com/products/robotium-recorder 。eclipse安装 Help > Install New Software,add添加http://recorder.robotium.com/updates
新建项目。File > New > Other > Android - Robotium Recorder
看提示选中要测试的app项目，点击Next > New Robotium Test，等app在设备或者虚拟机上跑起来后，就可以开始你的要测试的操作。完成后 Save > finish。Package Explorer里面会多处一个你的测试项目。先看下AndroidManifest.xml和 src下面自动生成的代码。下面将重写InstrumentationTestRunner 类，生成我们自己想要的xml文件。
新建在com.xxx.example类下新建InstrumentationTestRunner 继承 android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner。

public class InstrumentationTestRunner extends android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner {  private Writer mWriter;  private XmlSerializer mTestSuiteSerializer;  private long mTestStarted;  private static final String JUNIT_XML_FILE = "TEST-REPORT.xml";  @Override  public void onStart() {try{  File fileRobo = new File(getTestResultDir(getTargetContext()));  if(!fileRobo.exists()){  fileRobo.mkdir();  }  if(isSDCardAvaliable()){      File resultFile = new File(getTestResultDir(getTargetContext()),JUNIT_XML_FILE);  startJUnitOutput(new FileWriter(resultFile));  }else{  startJUnitOutput(new FileWriter(new File(getTargetContext().getFilesDir(), JUNIT_XML_FILE)));  }              }  catch(IOException e){  throw new RuntimeException(e);  }  super.onStart();  }  void startJUnitOutput(Writer writer) {  try {  mWriter = writer;  mTestSuiteSerializer = newSerializer(mWriter);  mTestSuiteSerializer.startDocument(null, null);  mTestSuiteSerializer.startTag(null, Tag.SUITS);  mTestSuiteSerializer.startTag(null, Tag.SUIT);  } catch (Exception e) {  throw new RuntimeException(e);  }  }  /** * 判断SD卡是否存在 * @return */  private boolean isSDCardAvaliable(){  return Environment.getExternalStorageState()  .equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED);   }  /** * 获取测试结果报告文件所在的路径 * @param context  被测工程的context * @return  返回测试结果报告文件所在的路径 */  private String getTestResultDir(Context context){  String packageName = "/" + "robotium";  String filepath = context.getCacheDir().getPath() + packageName;  if(android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 8){  if(isSDCardAvaliable()){  filepath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()+ packageName;  }  }else{  if(isSDCardAvaliable()){  filepath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()+ packageName;  }  }return filepath;  }  private XmlSerializer newSerializer(Writer writer) {  try {  XmlPullParserFactory pf = XmlPullParserFactory.newInstance();  XmlSerializer serializer = pf.newSerializer();  serializer.setOutput(writer);  return serializer;  } catch (Exception e) {  throw new RuntimeException(e);  }          }  @Override  public void sendStatus(int resultCode, Bundle results) {  super.sendStatus(resultCode, results);  switch (resultCode) {  case REPORT_VALUE_RESULT_ERROR:  case REPORT_VALUE_RESULT_FAILURE:  case REPORT_VALUE_RESULT_OK:  try {  recordTestResult(resultCode, results);  } catch (IOException e) {  throw new RuntimeException(e);  }  break;  case REPORT_VALUE_RESULT_START:  recordTestStart(results);  default:  break;  }  }  void recordTestStart(Bundle results) {  mTestStarted = System.currentTimeMillis();  }boolean isSuccess = true;void recordTestResult(int resultCode, Bundle results) throws IOException { float time = (System.currentTimeMillis() - mTestStarted) / 1000.0f; String className = results.getString(REPORT_KEY_NAME_CLASS);  String testMethod = results.getString(REPORT_KEY_NAME_TEST);  String stack = results.getString(REPORT_KEY_STACK);  int current = results.getInt(REPORT_KEY_NUM_CURRENT);  int total = results.getInt(REPORT_KEY_NUM_TOTAL);  mTestSuiteSerializer.startTag(null, Tag.SUIT);  mTestSuiteSerializer.attribute(null, "classname", className);mTestSuiteSerializer.attribute(null, "name", testMethod);  if (resultCode != REPORT_VALUE_RESULT_OK) { isSuccess = false;mTestSuiteSerializer.startTag(null,Tag.REASON);  if (stack != null) {  String reason = stack.substring(0, stack.indexOf('\n'));  String message = "";  int index = reason.indexOf(':');  if (index > -1) {  message = reason.substring(index+1);  reason = reason.substring(0, index);  }  mTestSuiteSerializer.attribute(null, "message", message);  mTestSuiteSerializer.attribute(null, "type", reason);  mTestSuiteSerializer.text(stack);  }  mTestSuiteSerializer.endTag(null, Tag.REASON);  } else {  mTestSuiteSerializer.attribute(null,Tag.TIME, String.format("%.3f", time));  }  mTestSuiteSerializer.endTag(null, Tag.SUIT);          if (current == total) {             mTestSuiteSerializer.endTag(null, Tag.SUIT);  mTestSuiteSerializer.startTag(null, "测试结果");if(isSuccess) {            	mTestSuiteSerializer.text("恭喜！测试通过！");            	} else {mTestSuiteSerializer.text("Sorry！请查看具体错误！！");}mTestSuiteSerializer.endTag(null, "测试结果");mTestSuiteSerializer.flush();  }  }  @Override  public void finish(int resultCode, Bundle results) {  endTestSuites(); Intent intent = new Intent();intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);intent.setComponent(new ComponentName("com.xxx.example.test", "com.xxx.example.test.HomeActivity"));getTargetContext().startActivity(intent);super.finish(resultCode, results);}  void endTestSuites() {  try {  mTestSuiteSerializer.endTag(null, Tag.SUITS);  mTestSuiteSerializer.endDocument();  mTestSuiteSerializer.flush();  mWriter.flush();  mWriter.close();  } catch (IOException e) {  throw new RuntimeException(e);  }  }  
}

注意finish时，我们重启了我们的测试app的HomeActivity。测试报告路径为：

Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+"/robotium/TEST-REPORT.xml"

7.新建app的HomeActivity 这里就添加一个Button，一个textView和webview. 在按钮的点击事件

Log.d("HomeActivity", "start button is onClicked!");
 
if(!startInstrumentation(new ComponentName(getPackageName(), getPackageName()+".InstrumentationTestRunner"), null, null)) {
 result.setText("启动测试失败");
} else {result.setText("测试中...");try {
 Thread.sleep(1000);} catch (InterruptedException e) {
 // TODO Auto-generated catch block
 e.printStackTrace();}HomeActivity.this.finish();
}

通过startInstrumenation来启动测试,启动成功退出当前activity.这里要把我们上面重写的InstrumentationTestRunner类放在getPackageName()下。

HomeActivity的OnResume里面加载测试报告的xml文件 webView.loadUrl(path)即可。

8.配置AndroidManifest.xml manifest下添加

<instrumentationandroid:name="com.xxx.example.test.InstrumentationTestRunner"android:targetPackage="com.xxx.example" />

application下正常配置HomeActivity额外添加 <uses-library android:name="android.test.runner" />

9.运行项目。以Android Application运行，点击测试按钮启动测试。测试完成后，返回测试app并加载测试结果。

大致就是这些过程。这只是demo，正的测试还要完善xml的格式，recorder自动生成的测试用例等。自己的项目中包含公司信息，就不贴出来分享了。有什么指点或疑问，欢迎留言交流......