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SHUTDOWN: Active processes prevent shutdown operation

热度:45   发布时间:2023-12-14 23:49:49.0

      在使用shutdown immediate关闭数据库时hang住,查看alert 日志,遭遇了SHUTDOWN: Active processes prevent shutdown operation。也即是说有一些活动进程阻止了当前的shutdown操作。咦,数据库是测试数据库啥也没有干,也没有配置db console,还有活动进程阻止呢?

 

1、情景再现

SQL> select * from v$version where rownum<2;
BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
SQL> @comm_sess_users;     ---->查看当前连接的session
nstance     SID Serial ID    Status    Oracle User     O/S User         O/S PID Session Program              Terminal             Machine
--------- ------ --------- --------- -------------- ------------ --------------- -------------------------- ---------- -------------------
sybo3        125         5    ACTIVE            SYS       oracle    4069         sqlplus@linux3.orasrv.com       pts/1   linux3.orasrv.com
SQL> host;                 ---->使用host切换到os提示符下
[oracle@linux3 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba      ----->再次登陆到sqlplus 
SQL> @comm_sess_users;                      ----->下面的查询可以看到Terminal显示为同一个终端, 都为sys用户, sid 139 为ACTIVE
Instance     SID Serial ID    Status    Oracle User     O/S User         O/S PID Session Program              Terminal             Machine
--------- ------ --------- --------- -------------- ------------ --------------- -------------------------- ---------- -------------------
sybo3        125         5  INACTIVE            SYS       oracle    4069         sqlplus@linux3.orasrv.com       pts/1   linux3.orasrv.com
139        10    ACTIVE            SYS       oracle    4152         sqlplus@linux3.orasrv.com       pts/1   linux3.orasrv.com
SQL> @my_env;             ---->查看自身的sid   
SPID                        SID    SERIAL# USERNAME        PROGRAM
------------------------ ------ ---------- --------------- ------------------------------------------------
4152                        139         10 oracle          oracle@linux3.orasrv.com (TNS V1-V3)
SQL> shutdown immediate;  ---->关闭数据库时,hang住,不得不使用ctrl -c 终止
ORA-01013: user requested cancel of current operation
SQL> shutdown abort;      ---->强制关闭数据库
ORACLE instance shut down.
--Author : Robinson
--Blog   : http://blog.csdn.net/robinson_0612
-->下面是后台日志的信息
Thu Jul 25 10:56:43 2013
Shutting down instance (immediate)
Shutting down instance: further logons disabled   --->不允许新session登陆
Stopping background process QMNC
Thu Jul 25 10:56:43 2013
Stopping background process CJQ0
Stopping background process MMNL
Stopping background process MMON
License high water mark = 3
Thu Jul 25 11:01:53 2013
SHUTDOWN: Active processes prevent shutdown operation   --->出现无法shutdown的提示
Thu Jul 25 11:07:01 2013
SHUTDOWN: Active processes prevent shutdown operation
Thu Jul 25 11:07:44 2013
Starting background process SMCO
Thu Jul 25 11:07:44 2013
Instance shutdown cancelled                             --->shutdown 被cancel 
Thu Jul 25 11:07:44 2013
SMCO started with pid=15, OS id=4178 
Thu Jul 25 11:08:06 2013
Shutting down instance (abort)                          --->使用abort方式shutdown database
License high water mark = 3
USER (ospid: 4152): terminating the instance
Termination issued to instance processes. Waiting for the processes to exit
Instance termination failed to kill one or more processes
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 4152
Thu Jul 25 11:08:16 2013
Instance shutdown complete


2、分析与解决
      从上面的情形来看,是由于之前的session没有断开,而后又使用了host切换到OS提示符下,导致数据库无法正常关闭。
      通过进一步的测试,如果是多个非sys用户登录则不存在此现象。
      Oracle对此给出的说明是这不是一个Oracle bug,而是使用了一个非正常的数据库关闭顺序。
      建议先断开所有连接再关闭数据库,如先关闭db control,具体见下面的Oracle 文档及示例。

 

3、Doc ID 416658.1

Shutdown Immediate Hangs / Active Processes Prevent Shutdown (Doc ID 416658.1)

Applies to:
Oracle Server - Enterprise Edition - Version: 10.1.0.2 to 11.2.0.2 - Release: 10.1 to 11.2
Oracle Server - Enterprise Edition - Version: 10.1.0.2 to 11.2.0.2   [Release: 10.1 to 11.2]
Information in this document applies to any platform.

Symptoms
The 'shutdown immediate' command hangs or is very slow

The alert log lists messages like:

SHUTDOWN: waiting for active calls to complete.ACTIVE PROCESSES PREVENT SHUTDOWN OPERATION

Cause
This is not a bug.

If the DB Control repository is running on the database target against which shutdown immediate was attempted then an incorrect
order of events seems used.

You should stop DB Control first to get rid of all connections between DB Control and the repository database and then shutdown
the database with 'shutdown immediate'.

Current database sessions may show:

SQL> select SID, USERNAME, PROGRAM from v$session;
SID   USERNAME               PROGRAM
----- ---------------------- ----------------------------------
  243 SYSTEM                 SQL Developer
  246 SYSMAN                 OMS
  247                       
oracle@lgiora09 (q001)
  248                       
oracle@lgiora09 (q000)
  251 DBSNMP                
emagent@lgiora09 (TNS V1-V3)
  252 SYSMAN                 OMS
  253 SYSMAN                 OMS
  254 DBSNMP                
emagent@lgiora09 (TNS V1-V3)
  255 SYSTEM                 java.exe
  256 SYSMAN                 OMS

Clearly OMS and OEM are connected (Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control or DBConsole) via users SYSMAN and DBSNMP.
These sessions should be de-activated (that is to log off any OEM, OMS, SYSMAN and DBSNMP) before the shutdown immediate is attempted.

Oracle Enterprise Manager, Grid Control, Dbconsole and agents keep doing internal processing.
This may include a few PLSQL notification procedures running on the database by database control like
BEGIN EMD_NOTIFICATION.QUEUE_READY(:1, :2, :3); END;

As per internal documentation of the shutdown immediate, if there are active calls then it would wait for all the active calls to finish.

Solution
To implement the solution:

1. Given OEM connections are active (SYSMAN and DBSNMP), de-activate these sessions, i.e. by stopping the agent/DBConsole

2. Then shutdown immediate as normal

- OR -

There may be processes still running and holding locks at the time a shutdown is issued.
Sometimes these are failed jobs or transactions, which are effectively 'zombies', which are not able to receive a signal from Oracle.

If this occurs, the only way to shutdown the database is by doing:

sql>
shutdown abort
startup restrict
shutdown normal

The startup does any necessary recovery and cleanup, so that a valid cold backup can be taken afterward.

If this issue occurs frequently, it would be a good practice to see if there are any active user processes running in v$session or
v$process before shutting down the instance.

If the problem persists, and no apparent user processes are active, you can set this event prior to issuing the shutdown command
in order to see what is happening. This will dump a systemstate every 5 minutes while shutdown is hanging

SQL>
connect / as sysdba
alter session set events '10400 trace name context forever, level 1';

 

 

更多参考

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     使用crs_setperm修改RAC资源的所有者及权限
     使用crs_profile管理RAC资源配置文件
     RAC 数据库的启动与关闭
     再说 Oracle RAC services
     Services in Oracle Database 10g
     Migrate datbase from single instance to Oracle RAC
     Oracle RAC 连接到指定实例
     Oracle RAC 负载均衡测试(结合服务器端与客户端)
     Oracle RAC 服务器端连接负载均衡(Load Balance)
     Oracle RAC 客户端连接负载均衡(Load Balance)
     ORACLE RAC 下非缺省端口监听配置(listener.ora tnsnames.ora)
     ORACLE RAC 监听配置 (listener.ora tnsnames.ora)
     配置 RAC 负载均衡与故障转移
     CRS-1006 , CRS-0215 故障一例 
     基于Linux (RHEL 5.5) 安装Oracle 10g RAC
     使用 runcluvfy 校验Oracle RAC安装环境

有关Oracle 网络配置相关基础以及概念性的问题请参考:
     配置非默认端口的动态服务注册
     配置sqlnet.ora限制IP访问Oracle
     Oracle 监听器日志配置与管理
     设置 Oracle 监听器密码(LISTENER)
     配置ORACLE 客户端连接到数据库

有关基于用户管理的备份和备份恢复的概念请参考
     Oracle 冷备份
     Oracle 热备份
     Oracle 备份恢复概念
     Oracle 实例恢复
     Oracle 基于用户管理恢复的处理
     SYSTEM 表空间管理及备份恢复
     SYSAUX表空间管理及恢复
     Oracle 基于备份控制文件的恢复(unsing backup controlfile)

有关RMAN的备份恢复与管理请参考
     RMAN 概述及其体系结构
     RMAN 配置、监控与管理
     RMAN 备份详解
     RMAN 还原与恢复
     RMAN catalog 的创建和使用
     基于catalog 创建RMAN存储脚本
     基于catalog 的RMAN 备份与恢复
     RMAN 备份路径困惑
     使用RMAN实现异机备份恢复(WIN平台)
     使用RMAN迁移文件系统数据库到ASM
     linux 下RMAN备份shell脚本
     使用RMAN迁移数据库到异机

有关ORACLE体系结构请参考
     Oracle 表空间与数据文件
     Oracle 密码文件
     Oracle 参数文件
     Oracle 联机重做日志文件(ONLINE LOG FILE)
     Oracle 控制文件(CONTROLFILE)
     Oracle 归档日志
     Oracle 回滚(ROLLBACK)和撤销(UNDO)
     Oracle 数据库实例启动关闭过程
     Oracle 10g SGA 的自动化管理
     Oracle 实例和Oracle数据库(Oracle体系结构) 

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