JS入门代码2009/04/21 13:59JS入门代码
适合阅读范围：对java script一无所知～离精通只差一步之遥的人
基础知识：HTML
java script就这么回事1：基础知识??
1 创建脚本块??
1: <script language=”java script”>??
2: java script code goes here??
3: </script>??
2 隐藏脚本代码??
1: <script language=”java script”>??
2: <!--??
3: document.write(“Hello”);??
4: // -->??
5: </script>??
在不支持java script的浏览器中将不执行相关代码??
3 浏览器不支持的时候显示??
1: <noscript>??
2: Hello to the non-java script browser.??
3: </noscript>??
4 链接外部脚本文件??
1: <script language=”java script” src="/”filename.js"”></script>??
5 注释脚本??
1: // This is a comment??
2: document.write(“Hello”); // This is a comment??
3: /*??
4: All of this??
5: is a comment??
6: */??
6 输出到浏览器??
1: document.write(“<strong>Hello</strong>”);??
7 定义变量??
1: var myVariable = “some value”;??
8 字符串相加??
1: var myString = “String1” + “String2”;??
9 字符串搜索??
1: <script language=”java script”>??
2: <!--??
3: var myVariable = “Hello there”;??
4: var therePlace = myVariable.search(“there”);??
5: document.write(therePlace);??
6: // -->??
7: </script>??
10 字符串替换??
1: thisVar.replace(“Monday”,”Friday”);??
11 格式化字串??
1: <script language=”java script”>??
2: <!--??
3: var myVariable = “Hello there”;??
4: document.write(myVariable.big() + “<br>”);??
5: document.write(myVariable.blink() + “<br>”);??
6: document.write(myVariable.bold() + “<br>”);??
7: document.write(myVariable.fixed() + “<br>”);??
8: document.write(myVariable.fontcolor(“red”) + “<br>”);??
9: document.write(myVariable.fontsize(“18pt”) + “<br>”);??
10: document.write(myVariable.italics() + “<br>”);??
11: document.write(myVariable.small() + “<br>”);??
12: document.write(myVariable.strike() + “<br>”);??
13: document.write(myVariable.sub() + “<br>”);??
14: document.write(myVariable.sup() + “<br>”);??
15: document.write(myVariable.toLowerCase() + “<br>”);??
16: document.write(myVariable.toUpperCase() + “<br>”);??
17:??
18: var firstString = “My String”;??
19: var finalString = firstString.bold().toLowerCase().fontcolor(“red”);??
20: // -->??
21: </script>??
12 创建数组??
1: <script language=”java script”>??
2: <!--??
3: var myArray = new Array(5);??
4: myArray[0] = “First Entry”;??
5: myArray[1] = “Second Entry”;??
6: myArray[2] = “Third Entry”;??
7: myArray[3] = “Fourth Entry”;??
8: myArray[4] = “Fifth Entry”;??
9: var anotherArray = new Array(“First Entry”,”Second Entry”,”Third Entry”,”Fourth Entry”,”Fifth Entry”);??
10: // -->??
11: </script>??
13 数组排序??
1: <script language=”java script”>??
2: <!--??
3: var myArray = new Array(5);??
4: myArray[0] = “z”;??
5: myArray[1] = “c”;??
6: myArray[2] = “d”;??
7: myArray[3] = “a”;??
8: myArray[4] = “q”;??
9: document.write(myArray.sort());??
10: // -->??
11: </script>??
14 分割字符串??
1: <script language=”java script”>??
2: <!--??
3: var myVariable = “a,b,c,d”;??
4: var stringArray = myVariable.split(“,”);??
5: document.write(stringArray[0]);??
6: document.write(stringArray[1]);??
7: document.write(stringArray[2]);??
8: document.write(stringArray[3]);??
9: // -->??
10: </script>??
15 弹出警告信息??
1: <script language=”java script”>??
2: <!--??
3: window.alert(“Hello”);??
4: // -->??
5: </script>??
16 弹出确认框??
1: <script language=”java script”>??
2: <!--??
3: var result = window.confirm(“Click OK to continue”);??
4: // -->??
5: </script>??
17 定义函数??
1: <script language=”java script”>??
2: <!--??
3: function multiple(number1,number2) {??
4: var result = number1 * number2;??
5: return result;??
6: }??
7: // -->??
8: </script>??
18 调用JS函数??
1: <a href=”#” onClick=”functionName()”>Link text</a>??
2: <a href="/”java script:functionName"()”>Link text</a>??
19 在页面加载完成后执行函数??
1: <body onLoad=”functionName();”>??
2: Body of the page??
3: </body>??
20 条件判断??
1: <script>??
2: <!--??
3: var userChoice = window.confirm(“Choose OK or Cancel”);??
4: var result = (userChoice == true) ? “OK” : “Cancel”;??
5: document.write(result);??
6: // -->??
7: </script>??
21 指定次数循环??
1: <script>??
2: <!--??
3: var myArray = new Array(3);??
4: myArray[0] = “Item 0”;??
5: myArray[1] = “Item 1”;??
6: myArray[2] = “Item 2”;??
7: for (i = 0; i < myArray.length; i++) {??
8: document.write(myArray + “<br>”);??
9: }??
10: // -->??
11: </script>??
22 设定将来执行??
1: <script>??
2: <!--??
3: function hello() {??
4: window.alert(“Hello”);??
5: }??
6: window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000);??
7: // -->??
8: </script>??
23 定时执行函数??
1: <script>??
2: <!--??
3: function hello() {??
4: window.alert(“Hello”);??
5: window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000);??
6: }??
7: window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000);??
8: // -->??
9: </script>??
24 取消定时执行??
1: <script>??
2: <!--??
3: function hello() {??
4: window.alert(“Hello”);??
5: }??
6: var myTimeout = window.setTimeout(“hello()”,5000);??
7: window.clearTimeout(myTimeout);??
8: // -->??
9: </script>??
25 在页面卸载时候执行函数??
1: <body onUnload=”functionName();”>??
2: Body of the page??
3: </body>??
java script就这么回事2：浏览器输出??
26 访问document对象??
1: <script language=”java script”>??
2: var myURL = document.URL;??
3: window.alert(myURL);??
4: </script>??
27 动态输出HTML??
1: <script language=”java script”>??
2: document.write(“<p>Here’s some information about this document:</p>”);??
3: document.write(“<ul>”);??
4: document.write(“<li>Referring Document: “ + document.referrer + “</li>”);??
5: document.write(“<li>Domain: “ + document.domain + “</li>”);??
6: document.write(“<li>URL: “ + document.URL + “</li>”);??
7: document.write(“</ul>”);??
8: </script>??
28 输出换行??
1: document.writeln(“<strong>a</strong>”);??
2: document.writeln(“b”);??
29 输出日期??
1: <script language=”java script”>??
2: var thisDate = new Date();??
3: document.write(thisDate.toString());??
4: </script>??
30 指定日期的时区??
1: <script language=”java script”>??
2: var myOffset = -2;??
3: var currentDate = new Date();??
4: var userOffset = currentDate.getTimezoneOffset()/60;??
5: var timeZoneDifference = userOffset - myOffset;??
6: currentDate.setHours(currentDate.getHours() + timeZoneDifference);??
7: document.write(“The time and date in Central Europe is: “ + currentDate.toLocaleString());??
8: </script>??
31 设置日期输出格式??
1: <script language=”java script”>??
2: var thisDate = new Date();??
3: var thisTimeString = thisDate.getHours() + “:” + thisDate.getMinutes();??
4: var thisDateString = thisDate.getFullYear() + “/” + thisDate.getMonth() + “/” + thisDate.getDate();??
5: document.write(thisTimeString + “ on “ + thisDateString);??
6: </script>??
32 读取URL参数??
1: <script language=”java script”>??
2: var urlParts = document.URL.split(“?”);??
3: var parameterParts = urlParts[1].split(“&”);??
4: for (i = 0; i < parameterParts.length; i++) {??
5: var pairParts = parameterParts.split(“=”);??
6: var pairName = pairParts[0];??
7: var pairValue = pairParts[1];??
8: document.write(pairName + “ ：“ +pairValue );??
9: }??
10: </script>??
你还以为HTML是无状态的么？??
33 打开一个新的document对象??
1: <script language=”java script”>??
2: function newDocument() {??
3: document.open();??
4: document.write(“<p>This is a New Document.</p>”);??
5: document.close();??
6: }??
7: </script>??
34 页面跳转??
1: <script language=”java script”>??
2: window.location = “http://www.99n9.com/”;??
3: </script>??
35 添加网页加载进度窗口??
1: <html>??
2: <head>??
3: <script language='java script'>??
4: var placeHolder = window.open('holder.html','placeholder','width=200,height=200');??
5: </script>??
6: <title>The Main Page</title>??
7: </head>??
8: <body );”>Open a full-screen window</a>??
65 新窗口和父窗口的操作??
1: <script language=”java script”>??
2: //定义新窗口??
3: var newWindow = window.open(“128a.html”,”newWindow”);??
4: newWindow.close(); //在父窗口中关闭打开的新窗口??
5: </script>??
6: 在新窗口中关闭父窗口??
7: window.opener.close()??
66 往新窗口中写内容??
1: <script language=”java script”>??
2: var newWindow = window.open(“”,”newWindow”);??
3: newWindow.document.open();??
4: newWindow.document.write(“This is a new window”);??
5: newWIndow.document.close();??
6: </script>??
67 加载页面到框架页面??
1: <frameset cols=”50%,*”>??
2: <frame name=”frame1” src="/”135a.html"”>??
3: <frame name=”frame2” src="/”about:blank"”>??
4: </frameset>??
5: 在frame1中加载frame2中的页面??
6: parent.frame2.document.location = “135b.html”;??
68 在框架页面之间共享脚本??
如果在frame1中html文件中有个脚本??
1: function doAlert() {??
2: window.alert(“Frame 1 is loaded”);??
3: }??
那么在frame2中可以如此调用该方法??
1: <body onLoad=”parent.frame1.doAlert();”>??
2: This is frame 2.??
3: </body>??
69 数据公用??
可以在框架页面定义数据项，使得该数据可以被多个框架中的页面公用??
1: <script language=”java script”>??
2: var persistentVariable = “This is a persistent value”;??
3: </script>??
4: <frameset cols=”50%,*”>??
5: <frame name=”frame1” src="/”138a.html"”>??
6: <frame name=”frame2” src="/”138b.html"”>??
7: </frameset>??
这样在frame1和frame2中都可以使用变量persistentVariable??
70 框架代码库??
根据以上的一些思路，我们可以使用一个隐藏的框架页面来作为整个框架集的代码库??
1: <frameset cols=”0,50%,*”>??
2: <frame name=”codeFrame” src="/”140code.html"”>??
3: <frame name=”frame1” src="/”140a.html"”>??
4: <frame name=”frame2” src="/”140b.html"”>??
5: </frameset>