JSON数据格式的定义：
JSON的全称是：JavaScript Object Notation，是一种轻量级的数据交换格式。它构建于两种结构：
1、"名称/值" 对的集合(a collection of name / value pairs)。不同的语言中，它被理解为对象(Object)，记录(Record)，结构(struct)，字典(Dictionary)，哈希表(HashTable)，有键列表(Keyed list)，或者关联数组(Associative array)。
2、值的有序列表(An ordered list of values)。在大部分语言中，它被理解为数组(array)。
JSON数据格式的特点：
JSON对象时一个无序的" '名称/值' 对"的集合，一个对象以“{”(左括号)开始， 以"}"(右括号)结束，每个"名称"后跟一个"："(冒号)，名称/值 对之间使用"，"(逗号)分隔。
如：
{
"name":"jackson",
"age":100
}
稍微复杂一点的情况，数组是值的有序集合，一个数组以“[”(左中括号)开始，以"]"(右中括号)结束。值之间使用","(逗号)分隔。
如：
{
"studengs":
[
{"name": "jackson", "age": 100},
{"name": "michael", "age": 51},
]
}
首先，我们搭建一个服务器的工程：JsonProject这个项目，工程目录结构：
源代码：
Person.java
package com.json.domain;
public class Person {
private int id;
private String name;
private String address;
public Person() {
super();
}
public Person(int id, String name, String addrss) {
super();
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.address = addrss;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person [addrss=" + address + ", id=" + id + ", name=" + name
+ "]";
}
}
JsonService.java
package com.json.service;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import com.json.domain.Person;
public class JsonService {
public JsonService() {
}
public Person getPerson(){
Person person = new Person(1001,"jack","上海黄浦区");
return person;
}
public List<Person> getListPerson(){
List<Person> list = new ArrayList<Person>();
Person person1 = new Person(1001,"jack","上海黄浦区");
Person person2 = new Person(1002,"rose","上海闵行区");
Person person3 = new Person(1003,"mick","上海黄浦区");
list.add(person1);
list.add(person2);
list.add(person3);
return list;
}
public List<String> getListString(){
List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
list.add("北京");
list.add("上海");
list.add("湖南");
return list;
}
public List<Map<String,Object>> getListMaps(){
List<Map<String,Object>> list = new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();
Map<String,Object> map1 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
Map<String,Object> map2 = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map1.put("id", 1001);
map1.put("name", "jack");
map1.put("address", "北京");
map2.put("id", 1001);
map2.put("name", "rose");
map2.put("address", "上海");
list.add(map1);
list.add(map2);
return list;
}
}
JsonServlet.java
package com.json.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.json.service.JsonService;
import com.json.tools.JsonTools;
public class JsonServlet extends HttpServlet {
private JsonService service;
/**
* Constructor of the object.
*/
public JsonServlet() {
super();
}
/**
* Destruction of the servlet. <br>
*/
public void destroy() {
super.destroy(); // Just puts "destroy" string in log
// Put your code here
}
/**
* The doGet method of the servlet. <br>
*
* This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get.
*
* @param request the request send by the client to the server
* @param response the response send by the server to the client
* @throws ServletException if an error occurred
* @throws IOException if an error occurred
*/
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
/**
* The doPost method of the servlet. <br>
*
* This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to post.
*
* @param request the request send by the client to the server
* @param response the response send by the server to the client
* @throws ServletException if an error occurred
* @throws IOException if an error occurred
*/
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
String jsonString = "";
String action_flag = request.getParameter("action_flag");
if(action_flag.equals("person")){
jsonString = JsonTools.createJsonString("person", service.getPerson());
}else if(action_flag.equals("persons")){
jsonString = JsonTools.createJsonString("persons", service.getListPerson());
}else if(action_flag.equals("listString")){
jsonString = JsonTools.createJsonString("listString", service.getListString());
}else if(action_flag.equals("listMap")){
jsonString = JsonTools.createJsonString("listMap", service.getListMaps());
}
out.println(jsonString);
out.flush();
out.close();
}
/**
* Initialization of the servlet. <br>
*
* @throws ServletException if an error occurs
*/
public void init() throws ServletException {
service = new JsonService();
}
}
web.xml中servlet映射
<servlet>
<description>This is the description of my J2EE component</description>
<display-name>This is the display name of my J2EE component</display-name>
<servlet-name>JsonServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.json.servlet.JsonServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>JsonServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/servlet/JsonServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>我们通过浏览器
访问地址一：http://wulianghuan-pc:8080/JsonProject/servlet/JsonServlet?action_flag=person
输出以下结果：
{"persons":{"address":"上海黄浦区","id":1001,"name":"jack"}}
访问地址二：http://wulianghuan-pc:8080/JsonProject/servlet/JsonServlet?action_flag=persons
输出以下结果：
{"persons":[{"address":"上海黄浦区","id":1001,"name":"jack"},{"addrss":"上海闵行区","id":1002,"name":"rose"},{"address":"上海黄浦区","id":1003,"name":"mick"}]}
访问地址三：http://wulianghuan-pc:8080/JsonProject/servlet/JsonServlet?action_flag=listString
输出以下结果：
{"persons":["北京","上海","湖南"]}
访问地址四：http://wulianghuan-pc:8080/JsonProject/servlet/JsonServlet?action_flag=listMap
输出以下结果：
{"persons":[{"id":1001,"address":"北京","name":"jack"},{"id":1001,"address":"上海","name":"rose"}]}