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java 调用webservice的各种步骤总结

热度:608   发布时间:2013-11-09 17:06:53.0
java 调用webservice的各种方法总结
java 调用webservice的各种方法总结
一、利用jdk web服务api实现,这里使用基于 SOAP message 的 Web 服务
1.首先建立一个Web services EndPoint:
Java代码
package Hello;     
import javax.jws.WebService;     
import javax.jws.WebMethod;     
import javax.xml.ws.Endpoint;     
    
@WebService    
public class Hello {    
   
@WebMethod    
public String hello(String name) {     
return "Hello, " + name + "\n";     
}     
      
public static void main(String[] args) {     
   // create and publish an endpoint     
       Hello hello = new Hello();     
       Endpoint endpoint = Endpoint.publish("http://localhost:8080/hello", hello);      
        }     
}  

package Hello;  
import javax.jws.WebService;  
import javax.jws.WebMethod;  
import javax.xml.ws.Endpoint;  
 
@WebService 
public class Hello { 

@WebMethod 
public String hello(String name) {  
return "Hello, " + name + "\n";  
}  
   
public static void main(String[] args) {  
   // create and publish an endpoint  
       Hello hello = new Hello();  
       Endpoint endpoint = Endpoint.publish("http://localhost:8080/hello", hello);   
        }  
}

2.使用 apt 编译 Hello.java(例:apt -d [存放编译后的文件目录] Hello.java ) ,会生成 jaws目录
3.使用java Hello.Hello运行,然后将浏览器指向http://localhost:8080/hello?wsdl就会出现下列显示
4.使用wsimport 生成客户端
使用如下:wsimport -p . -keep http://localhost:8080/hello?wsdl
5.客户端程序:
Java代码
class HelloClient{     
public static void main(String args[]) {     
  HelloService service = new HelloService();     
  Hello helloProxy = service.getHelloPort();     
  String hello = helloProxy.hello("你好");            
  System.out.println(hello);     
  }     


class HelloClient{  
public static void main(String args[]) {  
  HelloService service = new HelloService();  
  Hello helloProxy = service.getHelloPort();  
  String hello = helloProxy.hello("你好");         
  System.out.println(hello);  
  }  
}




二、使用xfire,我这里使用的是myeclipse集成的xfire进行测试的
利用xfire开发WebService,可以有三种方法:
      1一种是从javabean 中生成;
      2 一种是从wsdl文件中生成;
      3 还有一种是自己建立webservice
步骤如下:
    用myeclipse建立webservice工程,目录结构如下:
 
    首先建立webservice接口,
     代码如下:
Java代码
package com.myeclipse.wsExample;  
//Generated by MyEclipse  
 
public interface IHelloWorldService {  
      
    public String example(String message);  
      


package com.myeclipse.wsExample;
//Generated by MyEclipse

public interface IHelloWorldService {
   
    public String example(String message);
   
}

Java代码
package com.myeclipse.wsExample;  
//Generated by MyEclipse  
   
public class HelloWorldServiceImpl implements IHelloWorldService {  
       
     public String example(String message) {  
         return message;  
     }  
       


package com.myeclipse.wsExample;
//Generated by MyEclipse

public class HelloWorldServiceImpl implements IHelloWorldService {
    
     public String example(String message) {
         return message;
     }
    
}


修改service.xml 文件,加入以下代码:
Xml代码
 
<service> 
        <name>HelloWorldService</name> 
        <serviceClass> 
             com.myeclipse.wsExample.IHelloWorldService  
         </serviceClass> 
         <implementationClass> 
            com.myeclipse.wsExample.HelloWorldServiceImpl  
         </implementationClass> 
         <style>wrapped</style> 
         <use>literal</use> 
         <scope>application</scope> 
</service> 


<service>
        <name>HelloWorldService</name>
        <serviceClass>
             com.myeclipse.wsExample.IHelloWorldService
         </serviceClass>
         <implementationClass>
            com.myeclipse.wsExample.HelloWorldServiceImpl
         </implementationClass>
         <style>wrapped</style>
         <use>literal</use>
         <scope>application</scope>
</service>


把整个项目部署到tomcat服务器中 ,打开浏览器,输入http://localhost:8989/HelloWorld/services/HelloWorldService?wsdl

客户端实现如下:
Java代码
package com.myeclipse.wsExample.client;  
import java.net.MalformedURLException;  
import java.net.URL;  
 
import org.codehaus.xfire.XFireFactory;  
import org.codehaus.xfire.client.Client;  
import org.codehaus.xfire.client.XFireProxyFactory;  
import org.codehaus.xfire.service.Service;  
import org.codehaus.xfire.service.binding.ObjectServiceFactory;  
 
import com.myeclipse.wsExample.IHelloWorldService;  
 
public class HelloWorldClient {  
public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException, Exception {  
// TODO Auto-generated method stub  
Service s=new ObjectServiceFactory().create(IHelloWorldService.class);  
XFireProxyFactory xf=new XFireProxyFactory(XFireFactory.newInstance().getXFire());  
String url="http://localhost:8989/HelloWorld/services/HelloWorldService";  
 
        try 
        {              
              
            IHelloWorldService hs=(IHelloWorldService) xf.create(s,url);  
            String st=hs.example("zhangjin");  
            System.out.print(st);  
        }  
        catch(Exception e)  
        {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
   }  
 


package com.myeclipse.wsExample.client;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

import org.codehaus.xfire.XFireFactory;
import org.codehaus.xfire.client.Client;
import org.codehaus.xfire.client.XFireProxyFactory;
import org.codehaus.xfire.service.Service;
import org.codehaus.xfire.service.binding.ObjectServiceFactory;

import com.myeclipse.wsExample.IHelloWorldService;

public class HelloWorldClient {
public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException, Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Service s=new ObjectServiceFactory().create(IHelloWorldService.class);
XFireProxyFactory xf=new XFireProxyFactory(XFireFactory.newInstance().getXFire());
String url="http://localhost:8989/HelloWorld/services/HelloWorldService";

        try
        {           
           
            IHelloWorldService hs=(IHelloWorldService) xf.create(s,url);
            String st=hs.example("zhangjin");
            System.out.print(st);
        }
        catch(Exception e)
        {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
   }

}

这里再说点题外话,有时候我们知道一个wsdl地址,比如想用java客户端引用.net 做得webservice,使用myeclipse引用,但是却出现无法通过验证的错误,这时我们可以直接在类中引用,步骤如下:
Java代码
public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException, Exception {  
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
        Service s=new ObjectServiceFactory().create(IHelloWorldService.class);  
        XFireProxyFactory xf=new XFireProxyFactory(XFireFactory.newInstance().getXFire());  
              
//远程调用.net开发的webservice  
Client c=new Client(new URL("http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/qqOnlineWebService.asmx?wsdl"));  
        Object[] o=c.invoke("qqCheckOnline", new String[]{"531086641","591284436"});  
          
//调用.net本机开发的webservice  
Client c1=new Client(new URL("http://localhost/zj/Service.asmx?wsdl"));  
Object[] o1=c1.invoke("HelloWorld",new String[]{});  
          


public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException, Exception {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Service s=new ObjectServiceFactory().create(IHelloWorldService.class);
        XFireProxyFactory xf=new XFireProxyFactory(XFireFactory.newInstance().getXFire());
           
//远程调用.net开发的webservice
Client c=new Client(new URL("http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/qqOnlineWebService.asmx?wsdl"));
        Object[] o=c.invoke("qqCheckOnline", new String[]{"531086641","591284436"});
       
//调用.net本机开发的webservice
Client c1=new Client(new URL("http://localhost/zj/Service.asmx?wsdl"));
Object[] o1=c1.invoke("HelloWorld",new String[]{});
       
}

三、使用axis1.4调用webservice方法
   前提条件:下载axis1.4包和tomcat服务器   ,并将axis文件夹复制到tomcat服务器的webapp文件夹中
   这里我就说一下最简单的方法:
         首先建立一个任意的java类(例如:HelloWorld.java),复制到axis文件夹下,将其扩展名改为jws,然后重新启动tomcat,在浏览器中输入http://localhost:8989/axis/HelloWorld.jws?wsdl,就会得到一个wsdl文件,其客户端调用方法如下:
Java代码
import javax.xml.rpc.Service;  
import javax.xml.rpc.ServiceException;  
import javax.xml.rpc.ServiceFactory;  
import java.net.MalformedURLException;  
import java.net.URL;  
import java.rmi.RemoteException;  
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;  
 
public class TestHelloWorld {  
 
 
    public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException, ServiceException, RemoteException {  
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub  
          
        String wsdlUrl ="http://localhost:8989/axis/HelloWorld.jws?wsdl";  
        String nameSpaceUri ="http://localhost:8989/axis/HelloWorld.jws";  
        String serviceName = "HelloWorldService";  
        String portName = "HelloWorld";  
          
        ServiceFactory serviceFactory = ServiceFactory.newInstance();  
        Service afService =serviceFactory.createService(new URL(wsdlUrl),new QName(nameSpaceUri, serviceName));  
        HelloWorldInterface proxy = (HelloWorldInterface)afService.getPort(new QName(nameSpaceUri, portName),HelloWorldInterface.class);  
        System.out.println("return value is "+proxy.getName("john") ) ;  
          
    }  
 


import javax.xml.rpc.Service;
import javax.xml.rpc.ServiceException;
import javax.xml.rpc.ServiceFactory;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.rmi.RemoteException;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;

public class TestHelloWorld {


    public static void main(String[] args) throws MalformedURLException, ServiceException, RemoteException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
       
        String wsdlUrl ="http://localhost:8989/axis/HelloWorld.jws?wsdl";
        String nameSpaceUri ="http://localhost:8989/axis/HelloWorld.jws";
        String serviceName = "HelloWorldService";
        String portName = "HelloWorld";
       
        ServiceFactory serviceFactory = ServiceFactory.newInstance();
        Service afService =serviceFactory.createService(new URL(wsdlUrl),new QName(nameSpaceUri, serviceName));
        HelloWorldInterface proxy = (HelloWorldInterface)afService.getPort(new QName(nameSpaceUri, portName),HelloWorldInterface.class);
        System.out.println("return value is "+proxy.getName("john") ) ;
       
    }

}

四、使用axis2开发webservice(这里首先感谢李宁老师)   
  使用axis2 需要先下载 

   axis2-1.4.1-bin.zip

   axis2-1.4.1-war.zip
  http://ws.apache.org/axis2/  
  同理,也需要将axis2复制到webapp目录中
在axis2中部署webservice有两种方法,
    第一种是pojo方式,这种方式比较简单,但是有一些限制,例如部署的类不能加上包名
    第二种方式是利用xml发布webservice,这种方法比较灵活,不需要限制类的声明
    下面分别说明使用方法:
    1.pojo方式:在Axis2中不需要进行任何的配置,就可以直接将一个简单的POJO发布成WebService。其中POJO中所有的public方法将被发布成WebService方法。先实现一个pojo类:
Java代码
public class HelloWorld{  
    public String getName(String name)  
    {  
        return "你好 " + name;  
    }      
    public int add(int a,int b)  
    {  
        return a+b;  
    }      


public class HelloWorld{
    public String getName(String name)
    {
        return "你好 " + name;
    }   
    public int add(int a,int b)
    {
        return a+b;
    }   
}

由于这两个方法都是public类型,所以都会发布成webservice。编译HelloWorld类后,将HelloWorld.class文件放到%tomcat%\webapps\axis2\WEB-INF\pojo目录中(如果没有pojo目录,则建立该目录),然后打开浏览器进行测试:
输入一下url: 

http://localhost:8080/axis2/services/listServices
会列出所有webservice
 
这是其中的两个webservice列表,接着,在客户端进行测试:
首先可以写一个封装类,减少编码,代码如下:
  Java代码
package MZ.GetWebService;  
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;  
 
import org.apache.axis2.AxisFault;  
import org.apache.axis2.addressing.EndpointReference;  
import org.apache.axis2.client.Options;  
import org.apache.axis2.rpc.client.RPCServiceClient;  
 
 
public class GetWSByAxis2 {  
      private static String EndPointUrl;  
      private static String QUrl="http://ws.apache.org/axis2";  
      private QName opAddEntry;   
      public String WSUrl;  
      public RPCServiceClient setOption() throws AxisFault  
      {  
          RPCServiceClient serviceClient = new RPCServiceClient();  
          Options options = serviceClient.getOptions();  
          EndpointReference targetEPR = new EndpointReference(WSUrl);  
          options.setTo(targetEPR);  
          return serviceClient;  
      }  
        
      public QName getQname(String Option){  
            
          return new QName (QUrl,Option);  
      }  
//返回String  
      public String getStr(String Option) throws AxisFault  
      {  
          RPCServiceClient serviceClient =this.setOption();   
       
          opAddEntry =this.getQname(Option);  
        
         String str = (String) serviceClient.invokeBlocking(opAddEntry,   
                          new Object[]{}, new Class[]{String.class })[0];  
         return str;  
     }  
// 返回一维String数组  
      public String[] getArray(String Option) throws AxisFault  
      {  
          RPCServiceClient serviceClient =this.setOption();   
       
          opAddEntry =this.getQname(Option);  
        
         String[] strArray = (String[]) serviceClient.invokeBlocking(opAddEntry,   
                          new Object[]{}, new Class[]{String[].class })[0];  
         return strArray;  
     }  
      //从WebService中返回一个对象的实例  
     public Object getObject(String Option,Object o) throws AxisFault  
     {   
        RPCServiceClient serviceClient =this.setOption();   
         QName qname=this.getQname(Option);  
         Object object = serviceClient.invokeBlocking(qname, new Object[]{},new Class[]{o.getClass()})[0];  
         return object;  
     }  
       
/////////////////////////////////////////       读者可以自己封装数据类型,如int,byte,float等数据类型  


package MZ.GetWebService;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;

import org.apache.axis2.AxisFault;
import org.apache.axis2.addressing.EndpointReference;
import org.apache.axis2.client.Options;
import org.apache.axis2.rpc.client.RPCServiceClient;


public class GetWSByAxis2 {
      private static String EndPointUrl;
      private static String QUrl="http://ws.apache.org/axis2";
      private QName opAddEntry;
      public String WSUrl;
      public RPCServiceClient setOption() throws AxisFault
      {
          RPCServiceClient serviceClient = new RPCServiceClient();
          Options options = serviceClient.getOptions();
          EndpointReference targetEPR = new EndpointReference(WSUrl);
          options.setTo(targetEPR);
          return serviceClient;
      }
     
      public QName getQname(String Option){
         
          return new QName (QUrl,Option);
      }
//返回String
      public String getStr(String Option) throws AxisFault
      {
          RPCServiceClient serviceClient =this.setOption();
    
          opAddEntry =this.getQname(Option);
     
         String str = (String) serviceClient.invokeBlocking(opAddEntry,
                          new Object[]{}, new Class[]{String.class })[0];
         return str;
     }
// 返回一维String数组
      public String[] getArray(String Option) throws AxisFault
      {
          RPCServiceClient serviceClient =this.setOption();
    
          opAddEntry =this.getQname(Option);
     
         String[] strArray = (String[]) serviceClient.invokeBlocking(opAddEntry,
                          new Object[]{}, new Class[]{String[].class })[0];
         return strArray;
     }
      //从WebService中返回一个对象的实例
     public Object getObject(String Option,Object o) throws AxisFault
     {
        RPCServiceClient serviceClient =this.setOption();
         QName qname=this.getQname(Option);
         Object object = serviceClient.invokeBlocking(qname, new Object[]{},new Class[]{o.getClass()})[0];
         return object;
     }
    
/////////////////////////////////////////       读者可以自己封装数据类型,如int,byte,float等数据类型
}

客户端调用方法:
Java代码
MZ.GetWebService.GetWSByAxis2 ws=new MZ.GetWebService.GetWSByAxis2();  
ws.WSUrl="http://localhost:8989/axis2/services/HelloWorld";  
HelloWorld hello= (HelloWorld)ws.getObject("getName", HelloWorld.class);  
              
             
System.out.println(hello.getName("zhangjin")); 

MZ.GetWebService.GetWSByAxis2 ws=new MZ.GetWebService.GetWSByAxis2();
ws.WSUrl="http://localhost:8989/axis2/services/HelloWorld";
HelloWorld hello= (HelloWorld)ws.getObject("getName", HelloWorld.class);
           
          
System.out.println(hello.getName("zhangjin"));
2.使用service.xml发布webservice,这种方式和直接放在pojo目录中的POJO类不同。要想将MyService类发布成Web Service,需要一个services.xml文件,这个文件需要放在META-INF目录中,该文件的内容如下:
Xml代码
<service name="HelloWorld"> 
    <description> 
        HelloWorld webservice  
    </description> 
    <parameter name="ServiceClass"> 
        service.HelloWorld    
    </parameter> 
    <messageReceivers> 
        <messageReceiver mep="http://www.w3.org/2004/08/wsdl/in-out" 
            class="org.apache.axis2.rpc.receivers.RPCMessageReceiver" /> 
        <messageReceiver mep="http://www.w3.org/2004/08/wsdl/in-only" 
            class="org.apache.axis2.rpc.receivers.RPCInOnlyMessageReceiver" /> 
    </messageReceivers> 
</service> 

<service name="HelloWorld">
    <description>
        HelloWorld webservice
    </description>
    <parameter name="ServiceClass">
        service.HelloWorld 
    </parameter>
    <messageReceivers>
        <messageReceiver mep="http://www.w3.org/2004/08/wsdl/in-out"
            class="org.apache.axis2.rpc.receivers.RPCMessageReceiver" />
        <messageReceiver mep="http://www.w3.org/2004/08/wsdl/in-only"
            class="org.apache.axis2.rpc.receivers.RPCInOnlyMessageReceiver" />
    </messageReceivers>
</service>

其中<service>元素用于发布Web Service,一个<service>元素只能发布一个WebService类,name属性表示WebService名,如下面的URL可以获得这个WebService的WSDL内容:
http://localhost:8080/axis2/services/myService?wsdl
  除此之外,还有直接可以在其中制定webservice操作方法:可以这样些service.xml文件
Java代码
<service name="HelloWorld">  
    <description>  
       HelloWorld service  
    </description>  
    <parameter name="ServiceClass">  
        service.HelloWorld    
    </parameter>  
    <operation name="getName">  
        <messageReceiver class="org.apache.axis2.rpc.receivers.RPCMessageReceiver" />  
    </operation>  
    <operation name="add">  
        <messageReceiver  
            class="org.apache.axis2.rpc.receivers.RPCMessageReceiver" />  
    </operation>  
</service> 

<service name="HelloWorld">
    <description>
       HelloWorld service
    </description>
    <parameter name="ServiceClass">
        service.HelloWorld 
    </parameter>
    <operation name="getName">
        <messageReceiver class="org.apache.axis2.rpc.receivers.RPCMessageReceiver" />
    </operation>
    <operation name="add">
        <messageReceiver
            class="org.apache.axis2.rpc.receivers.RPCMessageReceiver" />
    </operation>
</service>

如果要发布多个webservice,可以在文件两段加上<serviceGroup><service></service>...<service></service></serviceGroup>发布
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