Nginx+Keepalived+Tomcat之响动分离的web集群

Nginx+Keepalived??????????? 高可用、反向代理
Nginx+PHP?????????????????? 高并发、动态解析
Tomcat????????????????????? JSP 动态解析
Apache????????????????????? 稳定的HTML静态访问
一、整体介绍：
1.架构图

本文涉及的几个知识点：
?①:Nginx? ②:FastCGI ③:Keepalived ④:tomcat ⑤:LAMP ⑥:Squid ⑦:memcache //后两个目前不涉及

2.为什么要用 nginx
???? Nginx ("engine x") 是一个高性能的 HTTP 和 反向代理 服务器，也是一个 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 代理服务器 。 Nginx 是由 Igor Sysoev 为俄罗斯访问量第二的Rambler.ru 站点开发的，它已经在该站点运行超过四年多了。Igor 将源代码以类BSD许可证的形式发布。自Nginx 发布四年来，Nginx 已经因为它的稳定性、丰富的功能集、示例配置文件和低系统资源的消耗而闻名了。目前国内各大门户网站已经部署了Nginx，如新浪、网易、腾讯等；国内几个重要的视频分享网站也部署了Nginx，如六房间、酷6等。新近发现Nginx 技术在国内日趋火热，越来越多的网站开始部署Nginx。

3.Nginx 发布?
当前开发版: Nginx 1.1.5 | Nginx/windows 1.1.5 (更新记录) (2011年10月6日)?
当前稳定版: Nginx 1.0.8 | Nginx/windows 1.0.8 (更新记录) (2011年10月1日)?
历史稳定版: Nginx 0.8.54 | Nginx/windows 0.8.55 (更新记录) (2011年7月19日)?
历史稳定版: Nginx 0.7.69 | Nginx/windows 0.7.69 (更新记录) (2011年7月19日)

4.笔者谈Nginx
???? Nginx有低内存占用，高性能高并发访问，使得很多新平台的搭建、旧应用的迁移开始应用nginx，话说nginx不得不说张宴,就像谈LVS不得不说章文嵩一样；
?????张宴简历：
???? 张宴，就职于北京金山软件公司，金山游戏官方网站──逍遥网系统架构师，技术支持部平台组组长。曾在新浪网、赶集网等公司任系统工程师、系统架构师，工作内容主要涉及：服务器系统架构设计与部署、系统运维与调优、网络故障解决、网站后端以及接口类PHP程序开发、Unix开源软件二次开发、服务器监控系统开发、系统运维与平台研发团队管理。
?

5.学习Nginx用书
?????一本《实战Nginx:取代Apache的高性能Web服务器》通俗易懂，不过有些读者看到后，即说起此书无非就是配置文件的讲解，我到反驳，道：nginx之所以这么强盛的应用，简单的配置文件和灵活的模块也是一大亮点，如果你能将部分模块应用好，那么你的web服务，将会在访问速度、服务器性能、硬件成本胜过了竞争对手；

二、Nginx软件应用部署

1.安装环境?
采用 五台Centos 5.4? kernel:2.6.18-164.el5xen Server、一台XP sp3 Client
IP地址分配:
提供域名?????????www.abc.com
解析地址???????? VIP:172.17.80.10
front1?????????? 内网IP 192.168.1.11
front2?????????? 内网IP 192.168.1.12

WebServer集群：tomcat 192.168.1.17、20? nginx 192.168.1.18? apache 192.168.1.19?
前端：Nginx 只做高可用和代理??
后端：web集群有 nginx PHP 请求；tomcat 动态jsp .do文件；apache 静态html 等

????析：nginx 静态访问比较好，apache+php作动态，此处只为说明LNMP架构的构建！
软件版本：
?nginx:?????? nginx-1.1.6.tar.gz??????? ?? // 下载：www.nginx.org
?tomcat:????? apache-tomcat-7.0.21.tar.gz
?JDK:???????? jdk-1_5_0_16-linux-i586.bin
?PHP:???????? php-5.3.8.tar.gz?????????? ? //提供FastCGI?
?apache:????? httpd-2.2.3-31.el5?????? ?? // yum install httpd php??

2.安装部署 系统环境:?
Centos 5.4 制作本地yum源
#mkdir /mnt/cdrom{1,2}
#mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom1
#cp -r /mnt/cdrom1/* /mnt/cdrom2
#cd /mnt/cdrom2
#rpm -ivh createrepo-0.4.11-3.el5.noarch.rpm?
#createrepo? -g /mnt/cdrom/repodata/repomd.xml /mnt/cdrom/CentOS/
#vi /etc/yum.repos.d/server.repo
[CentOS]
name=CentOS
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom/CentOS
gpgcheck=0
enable=1
#yum -y install gcc openssl-devel zlib-devel pcre-devel
#yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake??????? ?//安装编译gcc环境

3.nginx的安装
#tar zxvf ?nginx-1.1.6.tar.gz
#cd?nginx-1.1.6
#useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M nginx??????????????????????? //添加nginx 用户，没有登录shell，没有家目录
#./configure \?
? --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \???????????????????????????? //安装路径
? --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \?????????????????????????? //可执行文件路径
? --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \????????????? ? //默认为<prefix>/conf/nginx.conf 最好定义到/etc下
? --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid? \????????????????? //pid文件存放位置，后面将会用到
? --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \???????????? //错误日志文件,默认为<prefix>/logs/error.log
? --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \???????????? //访问日志,默认为<prefix>/logs/access.log
? --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \???????????
? --user=nginx \
? --group=nginx \?
? --with-http_stub_status_module \??????????????????????? //以取得一些nginx的运行状态
? --with-http_ssl_module \??????????????????????????????? //支持https加密连接
? --with-http_gzip_static_module \??????????????????????? //静态缓存模块
? --with-http_realip_module? \??????????????????????????? //让Nginx透明获取客户端IP
? --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \?? //指定http客户端请求缓存文件存放目录
? --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \????????? //指定http反向代理缓存文件存放目录
? --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/?????????? //指定FastCGI缓存文件存放目录

#make && make install???????????????????????????????????? //安装nginx

4.编写SystemV风格的启动脚本
#vim /etc/init.d/nginxd
############################################

#!/bin/bash
#BY hanfeng
#datetime 20111031

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

make_dirs() {
?? # make required directories
?? user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
?? options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
?? for opt in $options; do
?????? if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
?????????? value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
?????????? if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
?????????????? # echo "creating" $value
?????????????? mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
?????????? fi
?????? fi
?? done
}

start() {
??? [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
??? [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
??? make_dirs
??? echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
??? daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
??? retval=$?
??? echo
??? [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
??? return $retval
}

stop() {
??? echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
??? killproc $prog -QUIT
??? retval=$?
??? echo
??? [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
??? return $retval
}

restart() {
??? configtest || return $?
??? stop
??? sleep 1
??? start
}

reload() {
??? configtest || return $?
??? echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
??? killproc $nginx -HUP
??? RETVAL=$?
??? echo
}

force_reload() {
??? restart
}

configtest() {
? $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}

rh_status() {
??? status $prog
}

rh_status_q() {
??? rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}

case "$1" in
??? start)
??????? rh_status_q && exit 0
??????? $1
??????? ;;
??? stop)
??????? rh_status_q || exit 0
??????? $1
??????? ;;
??? restart|configtest)
??????? $1
??????? ;;
??? reload)
??????? rh_status_q || exit 7
??????? $1
??????? ;;
??? force-reload)
??????? force_reload
??????? ;;
??? status)
??????? rh_status
??????? ;;
??? condrestart|try-restart)
??????? rh_status_q || exit 0
??????????? ;;
??? *)
??????? echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
??????? exit 2
esac
############################################
保存nginxd脚本,赋予执行权限，添加服务和开机启动
#chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginxd
#chkconfig --add nginxd

// 如果不支持，则添加一下2行即可

// # chkconfig: - 85 15??????????????? #为必须字符
// # description: nginx is a World Wide Web server. It is used to serve
#chkconfig --level 2345 nginxd on????????
????????????
#service nginxd start?????????????? //先启动nginx 看看，没问题的话就OK了
Starting nginx: [? OK? ]

5.在Client上访问front1上的nginx?
http://172.17.80.11

6.将 front1上的nginx scp到front2上，并同样部署并在安装后将nginx.conf文件对拷
#scp nginx-1.1.6.tar.gz?root@192.168.1.11:/root
#scp /etc/nginx/nginx.conf?root@192.168.1.11:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

三、nginx的动静分离和负载均衡
1.在front1 、front2 配置
A:动静分离说明：
?? 有前置nginx 做反向代理，采用nginx的location做动静分离，将静态HTML网页、图片、JS、CSS等使用后端nginx或apache处理，以便得到更快的速度；将.jsp、.jspx、.do等交给后端tomcat来处理，

从而实现动静分离的应用；
B:负载均衡的说明：
?? 此处采用nginx的proxy_pass将location做动静分离后的jsp、do等jsp程序文件分发到后端upstreamd模块中tomcat集群上，rewrite做正则分发，此时也将应用到nginx经典之处的IP哈希(ip_hash)模块，这样每个访客固定访问一个后端web服务器，可以解决session的问题;
2.分别在front1和front2上配置nginx动静分离和负载均衡
#vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
############################################
user? nginx nginx;
worker_processes? 4;
events {
??? worker_connections? 1024;
}

http {
??? include?????? mime.types;
??? default_type? application/octet-stream;
??? sendfile??????? on;
??? keepalive_timeout? 65;
??? gzip? on;
upstream tomcat_server {
#??????? ip_hash;
??????? server 192.168.1.17 weight=2;
??????? server 192.168.1.20 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
??? }
upstream apache_server {
??????? ip_hash;
??????? server 192.168.1.19;
??? }
upstream nginx_server {
??????? ip_hash;
?????? server 192.168.1.18;
??? }
???? server
???? {
??????? listen?????? 80;
??????? server_name??www.abc.com;
??????? location / {
??????????? index? index.html index.php index.htm index.jsp index.do default.do;
??????????? root?? html;
??????? if (-d $request_filename)
###############################################
????????? {
???????????? rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$?http://$host/$1$2/?permanent;
????????? }
?????? location ~ \.(jsp|jspx|do)?$ {
?????????? proxy_set_header Host %host;
?????????? proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
?????????? proxy_pass?http://tomcat_server;
???????? }
###############################################
?????? location ~ \.(php|php5)?$ {
?????????? proxy_set_header Host %host;
?????????? proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
?????????? proxy_pass???http://nginx_server;
???????? }
#############################################
?????? location ~ \.(html|htm)?$ {
?????????? proxy_set_header Host %host;
?????????? proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
?????????? proxy_pass?http://apache_server;
???????? }
#############################################
?????? location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$ {
?????????? expires????? 30d;
????????? }
??????? location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$ {
??????????? expires????? 1h;
????????? }
#############################################
???????? }
??????? error_page? 404????????????? /404.html;
??????? error_page?? 500 502 503 504? /50x.html;
??????? location = /50x.html {
??????????? root?? html;
??????? }
??? }

}
############################################
3.重启nginx服务
#service nginxd restart
Shutting down interface eth0:? [? OK? ]
Shutting down interface eth1:? [? OK? ]
Shutting down loopback interface:? [? OK? ]
Bringing up loopback interface:? [? OK? ]
Bringing up interface eth0:? [? OK? ]
Bringing up interface eth1:? [? OK? ]

四、接下来配置高可用组建keepalived
1.为什么使用keepalived
软件官网:http://www.keepalived.org
软件获得:#wget?http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.2.tar.gz
?????? keepalived是一个类似于layer3, 4 & 5交换机制的软件，也就是我们平时说的第3层、第4层和第5层交换。Keepalived的作用是检测web服务器的状态，如果有一台web服务器死机，或工作出现故障，

Keepalived将检测到，并将有故障的web服务器从系统中剔除，当web服务器工作正常后Keepalived自动将web服务器加入到服务器群中，这些工作全部自动完成，不需要人工干涉，需要人工做的只是修复故障的web服务器。
keepalived和heartbeat的广泛应用足以说明了两者估计是因为本质不同而已！

2.分别在front1和front2部署keepalived需要却分主从关系
#vim /etc/hosts?????????????????????????? //修改front1 和front2 的hosts文件，保证文件信息相同
172.17.80.11 front1.ha.com front1
172.17.80.12 front2.ha.com front2
3.编译安装keepalived
#tar zxvf keepalived-1.2.2.tar.gz
#cd keepalived-1.2.2
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
#make && make install?
4.修改Keepalived配置文件
#mkdir /etc/keepalived
#cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
#cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
#cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
#cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/?
#chkconfig --level 2345 keepalived on
############################################
@front1上的keepalived.conf
#vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
?? notification_email {
??hanfeng@qq.com
?}
?? notification_email_from?hanfeng@qq.com
?? smtp_server 127.0.0.1
?? smtp_connect_timeout 30
?? router_id LVS_DEVEL
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
??? state MASTER
??? interface eth1
??? virtual_router_id 51
??? mcast_src_ip 192.168.1.11
??? priority 200
??? advert_int 1
??? authentication {
??????? auth_type PASS
??????? auth_pass 1111
??? }
??? virtual_ipaddress {
??????? 172.17.80.10
??? }
}
############################################
@front2上的keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
?? notification_email {
?????sysadmin@firewall.loc
?? }
?? notification_email_from?Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
?? smtp_server 127.0.0.1
?? smtp_connect_timeout 30
?? router_id LVS_DEVEL
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
??? state BACKUP
??? interface eth1
??? virtual_router_id 51
??? mcast_src_ip 192.168.1.12
??? priority 100
??? advert_int 1
??? authentication {
??????? auth_type PASS
??????? auth_pass 1111
??? }
??? virtual_ipaddress {
??????? 172.17.80.10
??? }
}
############################################
#service keepalived start???????????? //启动keepalived，如果没有错误高可用到此配置完成

五、重量级web集群资源
1.安装WebServer之Nginx+PHP
配置服务器IP为:192.168.1.18
在nginx的基础上安装FastCGIのPHP 使其支持动态PHP请求
说明:此处为? yum install mysql-devel mysql-server php-mysql perl-DBD-MySQL libxml2-devel libart_lgpl libart_lgpl-devel 简单安装mysql
安装后的PHP为nginx提供php-fpm
①:libevent 事件触发网络库
libevent-2.0.15-stable.tar.gz?
#tar zxvf libevent-2.0.15-stable.tar.gz?
#cd libevent-2.0.15-stable
#./configure && make && make install

②:libiconv字符编码转换
libconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
#tar zxvf? libconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
#cd libconv-1.13.1
#./configure && make && make install
③:FastCGIのPHP?
php-5.3.8.tar.gz
#tar zxvf php-5.3.8.tar.gz
#cd php-5.3.8
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-openssl --enable-fpm? --with-libevent-dir=/usr/local/lib --

enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local
@ 你将会看到:Thank you for using PHP
@error while loading shared libraries: libiconv.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
#ln -s /usr/local/lib/libiconv.so.2 /usr/lib/libiconv.so.2??????? //做个连接防止make时缺少libiconv.so.2
#ln -s /usr/local/lib/libiconv.so.2 /usr/local/libiconv.so.2
#make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'?
@说明：make的时候加参数ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'是因为编译时需要iconv库, 但是configure的时候没有写到Makefile中, 还有一种方法是直接修改Makefile, 在链接库的地方(应该在100行左右)加

上-liconv；或者sed -i 's#-lz -lm -lxml2 -lz -lm -lxml2 -lz -lm -lcrypt#& -liconv#' Makefile；
@久等之后将会看到：Build complete. Don't forget to run 'make test'. 不等test了，直接make install 安装
#make install?
#cp php-5.3.8/php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
④接下来配置PHP及其他文件
#cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
#vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
@开启以下几项
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
⑤在后台启动 php-fpm，并ps查看进程运行情况
#/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm &
#ps -ef |grep php-fpm
@将其添加到开机自动启动
#echo "/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm &" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local

⑥.接下来在nginx中配置fastcgi_params 文件
#vi /etc/nginx/fastcgi.conf
@将里面内容替换为
fastcgi_param? GATEWAY_INTERFACE? CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param? SERVER_SOFTWARE??? nginx;
fastcgi_param? QUERY_STRING?????? $query_string;
fastcgi_param? REQUEST_METHOD???? $request_method;
fastcgi_param? CONTENT_TYPE?????? $content_type;
fastcgi_param? CONTENT_LENGTH???? $content_length;
fastcgi_param? SCRIPT_FILENAME??? $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param? SCRIPT_NAME??????? $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param? REQUEST_URI??????? $request_uri;
fastcgi_param? DOCUMENT_URI?????? $document_uri;
fastcgi_param? DOCUMENT_ROOT????? $document_root;
fastcgi_param? SERVER_PROTOCOL??? $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param? REMOTE_ADDR??????? $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param? REMOTE_PORT??????? $remote_port;
fastcgi_param? SERVER_ADDR??????? $server_addr;
fastcgi_param? SERVER_PORT??????? $server_port;
fastcgi_param? SERVER_NAME??????? $server_name;
# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param? REDIRECT_STATUS??? 200;
#vi /etc/ngnix/nginx.conf
#####
location ~ \.php$ {
??????????? root?????????? /www;
??????????? fastcgi_pass?? 127.0.0.1:9000;
??????????? fastcgi_index? index.php;
??????????? fastcgi_param? SCRIPT_FILENAME? /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
??????????? include??????? fastcgi_params;
??????? }
#####
location / {
??????????? root?? /html;
??????????? index? index.php index.html index.htm;
??????? }
##################################
#vi /usr/local/nginx/index.php
<?php
$link=mysql_connect("localhost","root","123456");
if(!$link) echo "FAILD!";
else echo "OK!";
phpinfo();
?>
#service nginxd restart
@优化linux内核参数：
#vi /etc/sysctl.conf????????????????? // 增加一下内容，并是修改生效
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536
net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 32768
net.core.somaxconn = 32768

net.core.wmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_max = 16777216

net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw.reuse = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535

#sysctl -p?????????????????????????? //使其及时生效
##################################

问题处理：phpinfo 页面date的解析显示乱码！

?Warning: phpinfo() [function.phpinfo]:。。。。。。。。。

We selected 'Asia/Chongqing' for 'CST/8.0/no DST' instead in /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php on line 8

解析：以下是三种方法(任选一种都行)：

a、在页头使用date_default_timezone_set()设置 date_default_timezone_set('PRC'); //东八时区 echo date('Y-m-d H:i:s');

b、在页头使用 ini_set('date.timezone','Asia/Shanghai');

c、修改php.ini。打开php.ini查找date.timezone 去掉前面的分号修改成为：date.timezone =PRC
重启http服务（如apache2或iis等）即可。?

XXX可以任意正确的值。在我国内：Asia/Chongqing ，Asia/Shanghai ，Asia/Urumqi （依次为重庆，上海，乌鲁木齐）港台地区可用：Asia/Macao ，Asia/Hong_Kong ，Asia/Taipei （依次为澳门，香港，台北），新加坡：Asia/Singapore，PRC可以。

===================================?
2.安装WebServer之tomcat+JDK 使其支持动态jsp程序和.do文件
配置服务器IP地址为:192.168.1.17/20
①:JDK的安装和部署
#chmod +x jdk-1_5_0_16-linux-i586.bin
#./jdk-1_5_0_16-linux-i586.bin
#mv jdk1.5.0_16 /usr/local/jdk1.5.0_16
#vi .bash_profile???????????????????? //修改环境变量文件，增加一下内容
JAVA_HOME="/usr/local/jdk1.5.0_16"
CLASS_PATH="$JAVA_HOME/bin"
CATALINA_HOME="/usr/local/tomcat-6.0.18"
export JAVA_HOME CATALINA_HOME
#source .bash_profile???????????????? //使修改的环境变量生效
#tar zxvf apache-tomcat-6.0.18.tar.gz
#mv apache-tomcat-6.0.18 /usr/local/tomcat-6.0.18
#cd /usr/local/tomcat-6.0.18/bin
#./startup.sh????????????????????????

#ps -ef |grep java??? ?//启动tomcat，如果JDK版本支持且环境变量正确的话，此时你的tomcat已经成功了！

3.安装WebServer之Apache 使其能够很好提供HTML等静态访问请求！
说明:此处的Apache 作为WebServer 只要yum 安装即可！你也可以编译安装并且组成LAMP架构！笔者不多说了。。。

六、测试。。。
测试环境准备
1.将测试域名www.abc.com解析到前置机front1、front2的虚拟(virtual)IP上！?
在XP客户端使用浏览器http://www.abc.com/index.*测试首页测试??????

2.测试要求
测试页面分别针对前置机nginx的动静分离和到tomcat上负载均衡
3.分别在对应的WebServer 上制作测试页面，并用不同IE在客户端测试
①:index.html
This is a html test page, the server address is 192.168.1.19
②:index.php
This is a php test page, the server address is 192.168.1.18
③:index.jsp 和index.do? 只做测试页面，不做具体动态程序
This is a jsp test page, the server address is 192.168.1.17/20
This is a do test page, the server address is 192.168.1.17/20

4.测试故障
此时在客户机上ping?www.abc.com?-t 并将front1 的eth1 给ifdown掉！观察至丢失了一个数据包即恢复了域名到服务器的访问！
5.在linux 使用ab命令，对前置front1、front2做简单的压力测试！

#ab -c 1000 -n 100000?http://www.abc.com/index.*测试页

至此一篇基于nginx的高可用、高性能、高并发访问的动静分离的web集群方案出炉！谢谢查阅
提供技术支持，hanfeng#qq.com?? //请将#改为@