Springmvc构造RESTful详细讲解
Rest介绍
?
/blog/1 HTTP GET => 得到id = 1的blog/blog/1 HTTP DELETE => 删除 id = 1的blog/blog/1 HTTP PUT => 更新id = 1的blog/blog HTTP POST => 新增BLOG?
????以下详细解一下spring rest使用.
????首先，我们带着如下两个问题查看本文。
????????1.如何在java构造没有扩展名的RESTful url,如 /forms/1,而不是 /forms/1.do
????????2.浏览器的form标签不支持提交delete,put请求，如何曲线解决
????springmvc rest 实现
[email protected] [email protected] annotation提供的,
[email protected](value="/blog /{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)即可处理/blog/1 的delete请求.
?
?
1@RequestMapping(value="/blog/{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
2
public ModelAndView delete(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
3
?blogManager.removeById(id);
4 ?return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
5
}
@RequestMapping(value="/blog/{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)2
public ModelAndView delete(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {3
?blogManager.removeById(id);4
?return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);5
}
?
[email protected] @PathVariable如果URL中带参数，则配合使用，如
?
1@RequestMapping(value="/blog/{blogId}/message/{msgId}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
2public ModelAndView delete(@PathVariable("blogId") Long blogId,@PathVariable("msgId") Long msgId,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
3}
@RequestMapping(value="/blog/{blogId}/message/{msgId}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)2
public ModelAndView delete(@PathVariable("blogId") Long blogId,@PathVariable("msgId") Long msgId,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {3
}?
????1.springmvc web.xml配置
?1<!-- 该servlet为tomcat,jetty等容器提供,将静态资源映射从/改为/static/目录，如原来访问 http://localhost/foo.css ,现在http://localhost/static/foo.css -->
?2 ?<servlet-mapping>
?3 ?<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
?4 ?<url-pattern>/static/*</url-pattern>
?5 ?</servlet-mapping>
?6 ?<servlet>
?7 ?<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
?8 ?<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
?9 ?<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
10 ?</servlet>
11
12 ?<!-- URL重写filter,用于将访问静态资源http://localhost/foo.css 转为http://localhost/static/foo.css -->
13 ?<filter>
14 ?<filter-name>UrlRewriteFilter</filter-name>
15 ?<filter-class>org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.UrlRewriteFilter</filter-class>
16 ?<init-param>
17 ?<param-name>confReloadCheckInterval</param-name>
18 ?<param-value>60</param-value>
19 ?</init-param>
20 ?<init-param>
21 ?<param-name>logLevel</param-name>
22 ?<param-value>DEBUG</param-value>
23 ?</init-param>
24 ?</filter>
25 ?<filter-mapping>
26 ?<filter-name>UrlRewriteFilter</filter-name>
27 ?<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
28 ?</filter-mapping>
29
30 ?<!-- 覆盖default servlet的/, springmvc servlet将处理原来处理静态资源的映射 -->
31 ?<servlet-mapping>
32 ?<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
33 ?<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
34 ?</servlet-mapping>
35
36 ?<!-- 浏览器不支持put,delete等method,由该filter将/blog?_method=delete转换为标准的http delete方法 -->
37 ?<filter>
38 ?<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
39 ?<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
40 ?</filter>
41
42 ?<filter-mapping>
43 ?<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
44 ?<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
45 ?</filter-mapping>
<!-- 该servlet为tomcat,jetty等容器提供,将静态资源映射从/改为/static/目录，如原来访问 http://localhost/foo.css ,现在http://localhost/static/foo.css -->?2
?<servlet-mapping>?3
?<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>?4
?<url-pattern>/static/*</url-pattern>?5
?</servlet-mapping>?6
?<servlet>?7
?<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>?8
?<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>?9
?<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>10
?</servlet>11
12
?<!-- URL重写filter,用于将访问静态资源http://localhost/foo.css 转为http://localhost/static/foo.css -->13
?<filter>14
?<filter-name>UrlRewriteFilter</filter-name>15
?<filter-class>org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.UrlRewriteFilter</filter-class>16
?<init-param>17
?<param-name>confReloadCheckInterval</param-name>18
?<param-value>60</param-value>19
?</init-param>20
?<init-param>21
?<param-name>logLevel</param-name>22
?<param-value>DEBUG</param-value>23
?</init-param>24
?</filter>25
?<filter-mapping>26
?<filter-name>UrlRewriteFilter</filter-name>27
?<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>28
?</filter-mapping>29
30
?<!-- 覆盖default servlet的/, springmvc servlet将处理原来处理静态资源的映射 -->31
?<servlet-mapping>32
?<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>33
?<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>34
?</servlet-mapping>35
36
?<!-- 浏览器不支持put,delete等method,由该filter将/blog?_method=delete转换为标准的http delete方法 -->37
?<filter>38
?<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>39
?<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>40
?</filter>41
42
?<filter-mapping>43
?<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>44
?<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>45
?</filter-mapping>?
????2.webapp/WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml配置,[email protected] annotation
?
?
1<bean?class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping"/>???
2<bean?class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"/>??
3
<bean?class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping"/>???2
<bean?class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"/>??3
?
????3.Controller编写
?1/**
?2[email protected]("/userinfo") 具有层次关系，[email protected],
?3 ?* 如下面示例,[email protected]("/new"),则URL为 /userinfo/new
?4 ?*/
?5@Controller
?6@RequestMapping("/userinfo")
?7public class UserInfoController extends BaseSpringController{
?8 ?//默认多列排序,example: username desc,createTime asc
?9 ?protected static final String DEFAULT_SORT_COLUMNS = null;
10
11 ?private UserInfoManager userInfoManager;
12
13 ?private final String LIST_ACTION = "redirect:/userinfo";
14
15
?/**
16 ?* 通过spring自动注入
17
?**/
18 ?public void setUserInfoManager(UserInfoManager manager) {
19 ?this.userInfoManager = manager;
20 ?}
21
22 ?/** 列表 */
23[email protected]
24 ?public ModelAndView index(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,UserInfo userInfo) {
25 ?PageRequest<Map> pageRequest = newPageRequest(request,DEFAULT_SORT_COLUMNS);
26 ?//pageRequest.getFilters(); //add custom filters
27
28 ?Page page = this.userInfoManager.findByPageRequest(pageRequest);
29 ?savePage(page,pageRequest,request);
30 ?return new ModelAndView("/userinfo/list","userInfo",userInfo);
31 ?}
32
33 ?/** 进入新增 */
34[email protected](value="/new")
35 ?public ModelAndView _new(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,UserInfo userInfo) throws Exception {
36 ?return new ModelAndView("/userinfo/new","userInfo",userInfo);
37 ?}
38
39 ?/** 显示 */
40[email protected](value="/{id}")
41 ?public ModelAndView show(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
42 ?UserInfo userInfo = (UserInfo)userInfoManager.getById(id);
43 ?return new ModelAndView("/userinfo/show","userInfo",userInfo);
44 ?}
45
46 ?/** 编辑 */
47[email protected](value="/{id}/edit")
48 ?public ModelAndView edit(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
49 ?UserInfo userInfo = (UserInfo)userInfoManager.getById(id);
50 ?return new ModelAndView("/userinfo/edit","userInfo",userInfo);
51 ?}
52
53 ?/** 保存新增 */
54[email protected](method=RequestMethod.POST)
55 ?public ModelAndView create(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,UserInfo userInfo) throws Exception {
56 ?userInfoManager.save(userInfo);
57 ?return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
58 ?}
59
60 ?/** 保存更新 */
61[email protected](value="/{id}",method=RequestMethod.PUT)
62 ?public ModelAndView update(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
63 ?UserInfo userInfo = (UserInfo)userInfoManager.getById(id);
64 ?bind(request,userInfo);
65 ?userInfoManager.update(userInfo);
66 ?return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
67 ?}
68
69 ?/** 删除 */
70[email protected](value="/{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
71 ?public ModelAndView delete(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
72 ?userInfoManager.removeById(id);
73 ?return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
74 ?}
75
76 ?/** 批量删除 */
77[email protected](method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
78 ?public ModelAndView batchDelete(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
79 ?String[] items = request.getParameterValues("items");
80 ?for(int i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
81 ?java.lang.Long id = new java.lang.Long(items[i]);
82 ?userInfoManager.removeById(id);
83 ?}
84 ?return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
85 ?}
86
87}
88
/**?2
[email protected]("/userinfo") 具有层次关系，[email protected],?3
?* 如下面示例,[email protected]("/new"),则URL为 /userinfo/new?4
?*/?5
@Controller?6
@RequestMapping("/userinfo")?7
public class UserInfoController extends BaseSpringController{?8
?//默认多列排序,example: username desc,createTime asc?9
?protected static final String DEFAULT_SORT_COLUMNS = null;10
11
?private UserInfoManager userInfoManager;12
13
?private final String LIST_ACTION = "redirect:/userinfo";14
15
?/**16
?* 通过spring自动注入17
?**/18
?public void setUserInfoManager(UserInfoManager manager) {19
?this.userInfoManager = manager;20
?}21
22
?/** 列表 */23
[email protected]24
?public ModelAndView index(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,UserInfo userInfo) {25
?PageRequest<Map> pageRequest = newPageRequest(request,DEFAULT_SORT_COLUMNS);26
?//pageRequest.getFilters(); //add custom filters 27
28
?Page page = this.userInfoManager.findByPageRequest(pageRequest);29
?savePage(page,pageRequest,request);30
?return new ModelAndView("/userinfo/list","userInfo",userInfo);31
?}32
33
?/** 进入新增 */34
[email protected](value="/new")35
?public ModelAndView _new(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,UserInfo userInfo) throws Exception {36
?return new ModelAndView("/userinfo/new","userInfo",userInfo);37
?}38
39
?/** 显示 */40
[email protected](value="/{id}")41
?public ModelAndView show(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {42
?UserInfo userInfo = (UserInfo)userInfoManager.getById(id);43
?return new ModelAndView("/userinfo/show","userInfo",userInfo);44
?}45
46
?/** 编辑 */47
[email protected](value="/{id}/edit")48
?public ModelAndView edit(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {49
?UserInfo userInfo = (UserInfo)userInfoManager.getById(id);50
?return new ModelAndView("/userinfo/edit","userInfo",userInfo);51
?}52
53
?/** 保存新增 */54
[email protected](method=RequestMethod.POST)55
?public ModelAndView create(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,UserInfo userInfo) throws Exception {56
?userInfoManager.save(userInfo);57
?return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);58
?}59
60
?/** 保存更新 */61
[email protected](value="/{id}",method=RequestMethod.PUT)62
?public ModelAndView update(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {63
?UserInfo userInfo = (UserInfo)userInfoManager.getById(id);64
?bind(request,userInfo);65
?userInfoManager.update(userInfo);66
?return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);67
?}68
69
?/** 删除 */70
[email protected](value="/{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)71
?public ModelAndView delete(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {72
?userInfoManager.removeById(id);73
?return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);74
?}75
76
?/** 批量删除 */77
[email protected](method=RequestMethod.DELETE)78
?public ModelAndView batchDelete(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {79
?String[] items = request.getParameterValues("items");80
?for(int i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {81
?java.lang.Long id = new java.lang.Long(items[i]);82
?userInfoManager.removeById(id);83
?}84
?return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);85
?}86
87
}88
?
1/userinfo => index()
2 ?/userinfo/new => _new()
3 ?/userinfo/{id} => show()
4 ?/userinfo/{id}/edit => edit()
5 ?/userinfo POST => create()
6 ?/userinfo/{id} PUT => update()
7 ?/userinfo/{id} DELETE => delete()
8 ?/userinfo DELETE => batchDelete()
9
/userinfo => index()2
?/userinfo/new => _new()3
?/userinfo/{id} => show()4
?/userinfo/{id}/edit => edit()5
?/userinfo POST => create()6
?/userinfo/{id} PUT => update()7
?/userinfo/{id} DELETE => delete()8
?/userinfo DELETE => batchDelete()9
?
????
????注(不使用 /userinfo/add => add() 方法是由于add这个方法会被maxthon浏览器当做广告链接过滤掉,因为包含ad字符)
?
????4.jsp 编写
1<form:form action="${ctx}/userinfo${userInfo.userId}" method="put">
2</form:form>
<form:form action="${ctx}/userinfo${userInfo.userId}" method="put">2
</form:form>?
????生成的html内容如下, 生成一个hidden的_method=put,并于web.xml中的HiddenHttpMethodFilter配合使用，在服务端将post请求改为put请求
1<form id="userInfo" action="/springmvc_rest_demo/userinfo/2" method="post">
2 ?<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put"/>
3</form>
<form id="userInfo" action="/springmvc_rest_demo/userinfo/2" method="post">2
?<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put"/>3
</form>?
????另外一种方法是你可以使用ajax发送put,delete请求.
????5.静态资源的URL重写
????????如上我们描述，现因为将default servlet映射至/static/的子目录，现我们访问静态资源将会带一个/static/前缀.
????????如 /foo.gif, 现在访问该文件将是 /static/foo.gif.
????????那如何避免这个前缀呢，那就是应用URL rewrite,现我们使用?http://tuckey.org/urlrewrite/, 重写规则如下
????
1<urlrewrite>
2 ?<!-- 访问jsp及jspx将不rewrite url,其它.js,.css,.gif等将重写,如 /foo.gif => /static/foo.gif -->
3 ?<rule>
4 ?<condition operator="notequal" next="and" type="request-uri">.*.jsp</condition>
5 ?<condition operator="notequal" next="and" type="request-uri">.*.jspx</condition>
6 ?<from>^(/.*\..*)$</from>
7 ?<to>/static$1</to>
8 ?</rule>
9</urlrewrite>
<urlrewrite>2
?<!-- 访问jsp及jspx将不rewrite url,其它.js,.css,.gif等将重写,如 /foo.gif => /static/foo.gif -->3
?<rule>4
?<condition operator="notequal" next="and" type="request-uri">.*.jsp</condition>5
?<condition operator="notequal" next="and" type="request-uri">.*.jspx</condition>6
?<from>^(/.*\..*)$</from>7
?<to>/static$1</to>8
?</rule>9
</urlrewrite>?