Spring+SpringMVC+JPA
博客分类:- ?
- spring
SpringMVC是越来越火,自己也弄一个Spring+SpringMVC+JPA的简单框架。
1、搭建环境。
1)下载Spring3.1.2的发布包;Hibernate4.1.7的发布包(没有使用hibernate的API,只是使用了它对JPA的实现);下载 BoneCP 连接池框架及其依赖的jar,下载缓存框架ehcache,全部所用到的jar包如下:
antlr-2.7.7.jar bonecp-0.7.1.RELEASE.jar bonecp-provider-0.7.1-rc2.jar bonecp-spring-0.7.1-rc1.jar com.springsource.net.sf.cglib-2.2.0.jar com.springsource.org.aopalliance-1.0.0.jar com.springsource.org.apache.commons.logging-1.1.1.jar com.springsource.org.aspectj.weaver-1.6.12.RELEASE.jar dom4j-1.6.1.jar ehcache-core-2.5.2.jar< br >ehcache-spring-annotations-1.2.0.jar guava-12.0.jar hibernate-commons-annotations-4.0.1.Final.jar hibernate-core-4.1.7.Final.jar hibernate-entitymanager-4.1.7.Final.jar hibernate-jpa-2.0-api-1.0.1.Final.jar javassist-3.15.0-GA.jar jboss-logging-3.1.0.GA.jar jboss-transaction-api_1.1_spec-1.0.0.Final.jar log4j-1.2.17.jar mysql-connector-java-5.1.6-bin.jar org.springframework.aop-3.1.2.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.asm-3.1.2.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.aspects-3.1.2.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.beans-3.1.2.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.context-3.1.2.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.context.support-3.1.2.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.core-3.1.2.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.expression-3.1.2.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.instrument-3.1.2.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.instrument.tomcat-3.1.2.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.jdbc-3.1.2.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.jms-3.1.2.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.orm-3.1.2.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.oxm-3.1.2.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.test-3.1.2.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.transaction-3.1.2.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.web-3.1.2.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.web.portlet-3.1.2.RELEASE.jar org.springframework.web.servlet-3.1.2.RELEASE.jar slf4j-api-1.6.1.jar slf4j-nop-1.6.1.jar |
? 2)建立一个Web Project,引入上述jar包
2.1)web.xml配置如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <!-- 配置Log4j --> <context-param> <param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name> <param-value>spring_springmvc_jpa.root</param-value> </context-param> <context-param> <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:log4j.properties</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- 配置编码过滤器 --> <filter> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 配置Spring监听器 --> <listener> <listener-class> org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener </listener-class> </listener> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!-- Spring 刷新Introspector防止内存泄露 --> <listener> <listener-class> org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener </listener-class> </listener> <!-- SpringMVC核心分发器 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <!-- 映射*.do的请求 --> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list></web-app>
2.2)在src目录下建立log4j.properties日志配置文件,内容如下:
log4j.rootLogger=INFO,stdout,file#应用于控制台 log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.outlog4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss,SSS} [%c]-[%p] %m%n #应用于文件 log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender log4j.appender.file.File=${spring_springmvc_jpa.root}/app.loglog4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.R.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} [%t] [%c] [%p] - %m%nlog4j.logger.org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl=debug
2.3)在src目录下建立缓存的配置文件ehcache.xml,内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><ehcache xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="ehcache.xsd" updateCheck="true" monitoring="autodetect" dynamicConfig="true"> <!-- <diskStore path="java.io.tmpdir"/> --> <!-- 配置缓存文件存放路径 --> <diskStore path="E:/CacheTmpDir" /> <!-- 1.必须要有的属性: name: cache的名字,用来识别不同的cache,必须惟一。 maxElementsInMemory: 内存管理的缓存元素数量最大限值。 maxElementsOnDisk: 硬盘管理的缓存元素数量最大限值。默认值为0,就是没有限制。 eternal: 设定元素是否持久话。若设为true,则缓存元素不会过期。 overflowToDisk: 设定是否在内存填满的时候把数据转到磁盘上。 2.下面是一些可选属性: timeToIdleSeconds: 设定元素在过期前空闲状态的时间,只对非持久性缓存对象有效。默认值为0,值为0意味着元素可以闲置至无限长时间。 timeToLiveSeconds: 设定元素从创建到过期的时间。其他与timeToIdleSeconds类似。 diskPersistent: 设定在虚拟机重启时是否进行磁盘存储,默认为false.(我的直觉,对于安全小型应用,宜设为true)。 diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds: 访问磁盘线程活动时间。 diskSpoolBufferSizeMB: 存入磁盘时的缓冲区大小,默认30MB,每个缓存都有自己的缓冲区。 memoryStoreEvictionPolicy: 元素逐出缓存规则。共有三种,Recently Used (LRU)最近最少使用,为默认。 First In First Out (FIFO),先进先出。Less Frequently Used(specified as LFU)最少使用 --> <defaultCache maxElementsInMemory="10000" eternal="false" timeToIdleSeconds="120" timeToLiveSeconds="120" overflowToDisk="true" maxElementsOnDisk="10000000" diskPersistent="false" diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120" memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU" /> <!-- User cache --> <cache name="userCache" maxElementsInMemory="10000" maxElementsOnDisk="1000" eternal="false" overflowToDisk="true" diskSpoolBufferSizeMB="20" timeToIdleSeconds="300" timeToLiveSeconds="600" memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LFU" /> </ehcache>
2.4)在src目录下建立数据库连接属性配置文件jdbc.properties,内容如下:
#mysql数据库用jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driverjdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring_springmvc_jpa?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8jdbc.username=rootjdbc.password=root##===============BoneCP配置==============###检查数据库连接池中空闲连接的间隔时间,单位是分,默认值:240,如果要取消则设置为0#BoneCP.idleConnectionTestPeriod=60#连接池中未使用的链接最大存活时间,单位是分,默认值:60,如果要永远存活设置为0# BoneCP.idleMaxAge=60#每个分区最大的连接数# BoneCP.maxConnectionsPerPartition=5#每个分区最小的连接数# BoneCP.minConnectionsPerPartition=1#分区数 ,默认值2,最小1,推荐3-4,视应用而定# BoneCP.partitionCount=3#每次去拿数据库连接的时候一次性要拿几个,默认值:2# BoneCP.acquireIncrement=2 #缓存prepared statements的大小,默认值:0# BoneCP.statementsCacheSize=0 #每个分区释放链接助理进程的数量,默认值:3,除非你的一个数据库连接的时间内做了很多工作,不然过多的助理进程会影响你的性能# BoneCP.releaseHelperThreads=3
2.5)在WEB-INF目录下建立Spring的配置文件applicationContext.xml,内容如下:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache" xmlns:ehcache="http://ehcache-spring-annotations.googlecode.com/svn/schema/ehcache-spring" ? xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-3.1.xsd http://ehcache-spring-annotations.googlecode.com/svn/schema/ehcache-spring http://ehcache-spring-annotations.googlecode.com/svn/schema/ehcache-spring/ehcache-spring-1.1.xsd">
<!-- 注解支持 --> <context:annotation-config /> <!-- 启动组件扫描,[email protected],该组件由SpringMVC配置文件扫描 --> <context:component-scan base-package="cn.luxh.app"> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/> </context:component-scan> <!-- 属性文件位置 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" /> <!-- 数据源 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.jolbox.bonecp.BoneCPDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <!-- 数据库驱动 --> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" /> <!-- 相应驱动的jdbcUrl--> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" /> <!-- 数据库的用户名 --> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" /> <!-- 数据库的密码 --> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> <!-- 检查数据库连接池中空闲连接的间隔时间,单位是分,默认值:240,如果要取消则设置为0 --> <property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod" value="${BoneCP.idleConnectionTestPeriod}" /> <!-- 连接池中未使用的链接最大存活时间,单位是分,默认值:60,如果要永远存活设置为0 --> <property name="idleMaxAge" value="${BoneCP.idleMaxAge}" /> <!-- 每个分区最大的连接数 --> <property name="maxConnectionsPerPartition" value="${BoneCP.maxConnectionsPerPartition}" /> <!-- 每个分区最小的连接数 --> <property name="minConnectionsPerPartition" value="${BoneCP.minConnectionsPerPartition}" /> <!-- 分区数 ,默认值2,最小1,推荐3-4,视应用而定 --> <property name="partitionCount" value="${BoneCP.partitionCount}" /> <!-- 每次去拿数据库连接的时候一次性要拿几个,默认值:2 --> <property name="acquireIncrement" value="${BoneCP.acquireIncrement}" /> <!-- 缓存prepared statements的大小,默认值:0 --> <property name="statementsCacheSize" value="${BoneCP.statementsCacheSize}" /> <!-- 每个分区释放链接助理进程的数量,默认值:3,除非你的一个数据库连接的时间内做了很多工作,不然过多的助理进程会影响你的性能 --> <property name="releaseHelperThreads" value="${BoneCP.releaseHelperThreads}" /> </bean> <!-- JPA实体管理器工厂 --> <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <property name="persistenceProvider" ref="persistenceProvider"/> <property name="jpaVendorAdapter" ref="jpaVendorAdapter"/> <property name="jpaDialect" ref="jpaDialect"/> <property name="packagesToScan" value="cn.luxh.app.entity"/> <property name="jpaProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</prop> <prop key="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</prop> <prop key="hibernate.max_fetch_depth">3</prop> <prop key="hibernate.jdbc.fetch_size">18</prop> <prop key="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size">10</prop> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop> <prop key="javax.persistence.validation.mode">none</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!-- 用于指定持久化实现厂商类 --> <bean id="persistenceProvider" class="org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence"/> <!-- 用于设置JPA实现厂商的特定属性 --> <bean id="jpaVendorAdapter" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter"> <property name="database" value="MYSQL"/> </bean> <!-- 用于指定一些高级特性 --> <bean id="jpaDialect" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect"/> <!-- 事务管理器 --> <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"> <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" /> </bean> <!-- 注解式事务 --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/> <!-- 启用缓存注解功能 --> <ehcache:annotation-driven cache-manager="ehCacheManager" /> ? <!-- cacheManager工厂类,指定ehcache.xml的位置 --> <bean id="ehCacheManager" class="org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheManagerFactoryBean" p:configLocation="classpath:/ehcache.xml"/></beans>
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2.6)在WEB-INF目录下建立SpringMVC的配置文件dispatcher-servlet.xml,内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd"> <mvc:annotation-driven/> <context:component-scan base-package="cn.luxh.app.controller"/> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> </beans>
2、编写代码
1)在WEB-INF目录下建立名叫jsp的文件夹,用于放置jsp页面,和SpringMVC配置文件中的<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>相对应。
2)创建一个实体。
package cn.luxh.app.entity.privilege;import java.io.Serializable;import javax.persistence.Column;import javax.persistence.Entity;import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;import javax.persistence.Id;import javax.persistence.Table;/** * 用户信息 * @author Luxh */@Entity@Table(name="t_user_info")public class UserInfo implements Serializable{ private static final long serialVersionUID = -3838732995856086555L; @Id @GeneratedValue private Long id; //账号 @Column(length=20,nullable=false) private String account; //密码 @Column(length=20,nullable=false) private String password; //姓名 @Column(length=32,nullable=false) private String name; //getter、setter //...... }
3)通用DAO,用于其他DAO继承,
3.1)接口
package cn.luxh.app.dao.base;/** * 通用的DAO * @author Luxh */public interface BaseDao { /** * 持久化实体 * @param entity */ void save(Object entity); /** * 根据主键查询实体 * @param <T> * @param clazz 实体类 * @param id 主键 * @return */ <T> T getById(Class<T> clazz,Object id);}
3.2)实现
package cn.luxh.app.dao.base;import javax.persistence.EntityManager;import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext;import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;/** * 通用DAO实现 * @author Luxh */@Repositorypublic class BaseDaoImpl implements BaseDao{ //注入实体管理器 @PersistenceContext protected EntityManager em; public <T> T getById(Class<T> clazz, Object id) { return em.find(clazz, id); } public void save(Object entity) { em.persist(entity); } }
4)UserDao,继承于通用DAO
4.1)接口
package cn.luxh.app.dao.privilege;import cn.luxh.app.dao.base.BaseDao;/** * User Dao Interface * @author Luxh */public interface UserDao extends BaseDao{}
4.2)实现
package cn.luxh.app.dao.privilege;import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;import cn.luxh.app.dao.base.BaseDaoImpl;/** * User DAO Implement * @author Luxh */@Repositorypublic class UserDaoImpl extends BaseDaoImpl implements UserDao{}
5)通用的业务接口
这里只写一个接口,留给其他Service实现。
package cn.luxh.app.service.base;/** * 通用业务接口 * @author Luxh */public interface BaseService { /** * 保存实体 * @param entity */ void save(Object entity); /** * 根据主键获取对象 * @param <T> * @param clazz 实体类 * @param id 主键 * @return */ <T> T getById(Class<T> clazz,Object id);}
6)用户业务接口UserService,实现通用业务接口的方法,并加上缓存
6.1)接口
package cn.luxh.app.service.privilege;import cn.luxh.app.service.base.BaseService;/** * User Service * @author Luxh */public interface UserService extends BaseService { }
6.2)实现
package cn.luxh.app.service.privilege;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import com.googlecode.ehcache.annotations.TriggersRemove;import com.googlecode.ehcache.annotations.Cacheable;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;import cn.luxh.app.dao.privilege.UserDao;/** * User Service Implement * @author Luxh */@Servicepublic class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{ @Autowired private UserDao userDao; @Cacheable(cacheName="userCache")//缓存数据 public <T> T getById(Class<T> clazz, Object id) { return userDao.getById(clazz, id); } @Transactional(propagation=Propagation.REQUIRED) @TriggersRemove(cacheName="userCache",removeAll=true)//清除缓存 public void save(Object entity) { userDao.save(entity); } }
7)控制层,暂时还没有写一个公共的Controller用于被继承,就直接写UserController吧
package cn.luxh.app.controller.privilege;import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.RedirectAttributes;import cn.luxh.app.entity.privilege.UserInfo;import cn.luxh.app.service.privilege.UserService;/** * User Controller * @author Luxh */@Controller@RequestMapping(value="/user")public class UserController { private static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(UserController.class); @Autowired private UserService userService;//注入业务接口 /** * 用户列表 */ @RequestMapping(value="/userList.do") public String userList(ModelMap modelMap) { LOG.info("访问用户列表"); //打印一句话测试,不查数据库了 return "user/userList"; //根据SpringMVC配置文件配好的前缀和后缀,自动转为:/WEB-INF/jsp/user/userList.jsp } /** * 根据主键查找用户 */ @RequestMapping(value="/getUserById.do") public String getUserById(@RequestParam long id) { LOG.info("id is :"+id); UserInfo userInfo = userService.getById(UserInfo.class,id); LOG.info("user's name is :"+userInfo.getName()); return "user/userList"; } /** * 保存用户 */ @RequestMapping(value="/saveUser.do") public String saveUser(UserInfo userInfo,RedirectAttributes redirectAttributes) { LOG.info("保存用户"); userService.save(userInfo); //重定向后的提示信息,使用RedirectAttributes传递,在JSP页面可以用${message}获取 //提示信息只出现一次,刷新也不会重复提示, redirectAttributes.addFlashAttribute("message", "操作成功"); //重定向,防止表单重复提交 return "redirect:userList.do";//相对于当前路径 //return "redirect:/user/userList.do";//相对于当前项目根路径 } }