ruby瀛︿範绗旇?-Array

銆?鐢变簬宸ヤ綔闇?瑕侊紝鏈?杩戝湪瀛︿範Ruby锛岀幇鍦ㄤ富瑕佸湪鐪嬩袱鏈?功銆?/span>Ruby on Rail绋嬪簭璁捐?鎶?鏈??瑙ｃ?嬪拰銆?/span>Ruby of book銆嬨?傛瘯绔熸槸瑕佸湪宸ヤ綔涓?繍鐢?紝鑰屼笖鏃堕棿杩樻湁闄愶紝鎵?浠ユ垜鍦ㄧ湅涔﹀拰鍋氫緥瀛愮殑鍚屾椂涔熺畝鍗曡?褰曚笅浜嗕竴浜涘熀鏈?煡璇嗙偣锛屾柟渚跨敤鐨勬椂鍊欐煡鎵俱?傛湁鍏磋叮鐨勬湅鍙嬫?杩庝竴璧蜂氦娴佸?涔狅細

l聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽鏁扮粍

1锛?span style="font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal;">聽聽鍒涘缓鏁扮粍锛?/span>

銆?銆?鍜屽叾瀹冨緢澶氱紪绋嬭?瑷?涓?鏍凤紝寰堝?鏄撳垱寤轰竴涓?暟缁?/span>,浣嗚?娉ㄦ剰鐨勬槸Ruby鏄?竴绉嶅急绫诲瀷鐨勮剼鏈??瑷?锛屾暟缁勪腑鍚勫厓绱犵殑绫诲瀷鍙?互浜掍笉鐩稿悓锛岃?屼笖鏁扮粍鐨勯暱搴﹀彲鍙橈細

arr = [鈥渙ne鈥?鈥漷wo鈥?鈥漷hree鈥漖

OR

arr = Array.new聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽#an empty array

arr = Array.new(5)聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽#[nil, nil, nil, nil, nil]

arr = Array.new(5,鈥漢ello鈥?聽聽聽聽#[鈥漢ello鈥? 鈥漢ello鈥? 鈥漢ello鈥? 鈥漢ello鈥? 鈥漢ello鈥漖

聽聽聽聽聽聽聽褰撳垱寤轰竴涓?暟缁勬椂锛屽?鏋滃叾鍏冪礌涓?/span>string绫诲瀷涓斾娇鐢ㄥ崟寮曞彿锛岃?屼綘鍙堜笉鎯宠?佽緭鍏ュ崟寮曞彿锛岄偅涔堟垜浠?彲浠ヤ娇鐢ㄤ笅闈㈢殑鏂规硶鏉ュ垱寤?/span>(浣跨敤%W鏉ュ垱寤虹敤鍙屽紩鍙锋嫭璧锋潵鐨勫瓧绗︿覆)锛?/span>

arr = %w( this is an array of strings)聽聽聽聽#浣跨敤绌烘牸浣滀负鍏冪礌鐨勫垎闅旂?

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2.閫氳繃绱㈠紩瀛樺彇鏁扮粍鐨勫?硷細

鍦?/span>Ruby涓?紝鏁扮粍绱㈠紩鍙?互鏄??鏁存暟锛堜粠鍓嶅埌鍚庯紝浠?/span>0寮?濮嬶級涔熷彲浠ユ槸璐熸暣鏁帮紙浠庡悗鍒板墠锛屼粠-1寮?濮?/span>)杩樺彲浠ユ槸鑼冨洿锛?/span>Range锛?/span>:

arr = ['h','e','l','l','o',' ','w','o','r','l','d']

print arr[0,5]

puts

print arr[0..4]

puts

print arr[0...4]

puts

print arr[-5,5]

--------Results--------

hello

hello

hell

world

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Note:聽arr[-5,5]:鍓嶄竴涓?暣鏁?span style="font-size: 13px;">-5琛ㄧず寮?濮嬬殑绱㈠紩锛屽悗闈?竴涓?暣鏁?span style="font-size: 13px;">5琛ㄧず鏁伴噺

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3..澶嶅埗鏁扮粍锛?/span>

褰撲娇鐢?/span>鈥?/span>=鈥?/span>灏嗕竴涓?暟缁勫彉閲忚祴鍊肩粰鍙︿竴涓?暟缁勫彉閲忔椂锛岃繖涓や釜鏁扮粍鍙橀噺寮曠敤鐨勪粛鐒舵槸鍚屼竴涓?暟缁勶紝淇?敼鍏朵腑涓?涓?暟缁勭殑鍊硷紝鍙︿竴涓?篃浼氫慨鏀广?傛垜浠?彲浠ヤ娇鐢?span style="font-size: 13px; color: #ff0000;">Clone鏂规硶澶嶅埗涓?涓?柊鏁扮粍:

arr = [鈥?/span>one鈥?/span>,鈥?/span>two鈥?/span>,鈥?/span>three鈥?/span>,]

arr1= arr聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽#arr鍜?/span>arr1寮曠敤鐨勮繕鏄?悓涓?涓?暟缁勶紝淇?敼涓?涓?彟涓?涓?篃浼氫慨鏀?/span>

arr2=arr.clone聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽#arr2鏄?/span>arr鐨勪竴涓?柊鐗堟湰锛屼慨鏀?/span>arr2涓嶅奖鍝?/span>arr

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4..姣旇緝鏁扮粍澶у皬锛?/span>

聽聽聽聽聽聽聽褰撲娇鐢?/span>聽<=>聽鏉ユ瘮杈冧袱涓?暟缁?/span>a1鍜?/span>a2鏃讹紝鏈変笁绉嶆儏鍐碉細

1.聽聽聽聽聽聽聽a1聽灏忎簬聽a2锛?/span>聽杩斿洖聽-1

2.聽聽聽聽聽聽聽a1聽绛変簬聽a2锛?/span>聽杩斿洖聽0

3.聽聽聽聽聽聽聽a1聽澶т簬聽a2锛?/span>聽杩斿洖聽1

閭ｄ箞锛屾暟缁勬槸濡備綍姣斿ぇ灏忕殑鍛?紵

褰撲袱涓?暟缁勮繘琛屾瘮杈冩椂锛屼細鎶婁袱涓?暟缁勭浉鍚岀储寮?/span>(浠?/span>0寮?濮?/span>)涓婄殑鍊兼嬁鏉ユ瘮杈冿紝濡?/span>聽[0,10,20]<=> [0,20,20],聽鍒欎細杩斿洖-1锛屽洜涓哄綋绱㈠紩涓?/span>1鏃讹紝10<20锛?/span>

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鍙﹀?锛屽?鏋滄瘮杈冪殑涓や釜鏁扮粍鐨勫厓绱犳槸瀛楃?涓诧紝閭ｄ箞灏辨瘮杈冨畠浠?殑ASCII;濡傛灉涓?涓?暟缁?/span>姣斿彟涓?涓?暱涓斿叾瀹冨厓绱犻兘鐩稿悓锛岄偅涔堟暟缁勯暱鐨勨?樺ぇ鈥欍??/span>

鐒惰?岋紝濡傛灉涓?涓?煭鏁扮粍閲岄潰鐨勪竴涓?厓绱犳瘮鍙︿竴涓?暱鏁扮粍閲岄潰鐨勫悓浣嶇疆鐨勫厓绱犲ぇ锛屽垯璁や负鐭?暟缁勨?樺ぇ鈥欍??/span>

arr1=[1,2,3,4,5]

arr2=[1,2,3,4,5]

arr3=[1,2,3,4]

arr4=[1,2,3,5]

arr5=[1000,2000,3000]

arr6=[1,2]

arr7=[2,1]

arr8=["hello", "world"]

arr9=["Hello", "World"]

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p(arr1<=>arr2)聽聽聽聽聽聽#聽聽聽聽聽0

p(arr3<=>arr1)聽聽聽聽聽聽#聽聽聽聽聽-1

p(arr4<=>arr3)聽聽聽聽聽聽#聽聽聽聽聽1

p(arr5<=>arr4)聽聽聽聽聽聽#聽聽聽聽聽1

p(arr7<=>arr6)聽聽聽聽聽聽#聽聽聽聽聽1

p(arr8<=>arr7)聽聽聽聽聽聽#聽聽聽聽聽nil

p(arr9<=>arr8)聽聽聽聽聽#聽聽聽聽聽-1

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5.鏁扮粍鎺掑簭锛?/span>

Sort鏂规硶浣跨敤姣旇緝鎿嶄綔绗?/span>聽<=>聽鏉ユ瘮杈冧竴涓?暟缁勪腑閭昏繎鐨勫厓绱犵殑澶у皬锛屼絾鏄?繖涓?笉鑳芥瘮杈冧竴涓?暟缁勪腑鍖呭惈鏈?/span>nil鐨勫?肩殑鎯呭喌锛?/span>

arr.sort{|a,b| a.to_s <=> b.to_s}

璇存槑锛?/span>聽鍦ㄨ繖arr鏄?竴涓?暟缁勫?璞★紝a鍜?/span>b浠ｈ〃鐩搁偦鐨勪袱涓?厓绱犮?傛湰鏂规硶浣跨敤浜?/span>to_s鏂规硶鎶?/span>nil杞?崲涓轰竴涓?┖瀛楃?涓诧紝杩欐牱灏卞彲浠ュ?鍚?湁nil鐨勬暟缁勮繘琛屾帓搴忎簡銆傛?澶栵紝杩欎釜鏁扮粍鏈?韩鐨勫?间笉浼氬彂鐢熶换浣曞彉鍦ㄣ??/span>

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6.娣诲姞鍜屽垹闄ゆ暟缁勫厓绱狅細

聽聽聽聽聽聽聽鍚戞暟缁勬坊鍔犲厓绱狅細

unshift锛氬悜鏁扮粍澶撮儴娣诲姞鏁扮粍鍏冪礌

push:聽聽聽鍚戞暟缁勫ご閮ㄥ熬鏁扮粍鍏冪礌

<< :聽鍚戞暟缁勫熬閮ㄦ坊鍔犱竴涓?暟缁勫厓绱?/span>

鍚戞暟缁勫垹闄ゅ厓绱狅細

shift:聽浠庡ご閮ㄥ垹闄ゆ暟缁勫厓绱狅紝骞惰繑鍥炶?鍒犻櫎鐨勫厓绱?/span>

pop:聽浠庡熬鍒犻櫎鏁扮粍鍏冪礌锛屽苟杩斿洖琚?垹闄ょ殑鍏冪礌

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