问题描述
我正在制作一个 GUI，它有几个用户输入框和一个图，它将使用输入框中的因子来缩放数据。 GUI 将需要一个应用按钮和一个导出按钮。 我使用 PyQt5 作为 GUI 和 Matplotlib 进行绘图。 我的方法是为绘图和输入框创建单独的 QWidget，并将它们绑定到第三个 QMainWindow 中。
如何获得应用按钮以将 3 个变量发送到主类和绘图类？ 是否有可能在一个类中发生所有这些以简化我的变量的工作方式？
import sys
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use("Qt5Agg")
from PyQt5 import QtCore
from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSlot, pyqtSignal, QObject
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from numpy import arange, sin, pi
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
class AppForm(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
# Initialize the object as a QWidget and
# set its title and minimum width
QWidget.__init__(self)
self.setWindowTitle('Input')
self.setMinimumWidth(400)
# Create the QVBoxLayout that lays out the whole form
self.layout = QVBoxLayout()
# Create the form layout that manages the labeled controls
self.form_layout = QFormLayout()
self.aFactor = QLineEdit(self)
self.mFactor = QLineEdit(self)
self.cZone = QLineEdit(self)
self.form_layout.addRow('AFactor', self.aFactor)
self.form_layout.addRow('MFactor', self.mFactor)
self.form_layout.addRow('CZone', self.cZone)
self.layout.addLayout(self.form_layout)
self.button_box = QHBoxLayout()
self.button_box.addStretch(1)
self.apply_button = QPushButton("Apply", self)
self.output_button = QPushButton("Output", self)
self.button_box.addWidget(self.apply_button)
self.button_box.addWidget(self.output_button)
self.layout.addLayout(self.button_box)
self.setLayout(self.layout)
self.apply_button.clicked.connect(self.applyButton)
def applyButton(self):
self.af = self.aFactor
self.mf = self.mFactor
self.cz = self.cZone
print self.af.text(), self.mf.text(), self.cz.text()
class MyMplCanvas(FigureCanvas):
"""Ultimately, this is a QWidget (as well as a FigureCanvasAgg, etc.)."""
def __init__(self, parent=None, width=5, height=4, dpi=100, title='title'):
self.title = title
fig = Figure(figsize=(width, height), dpi=dpi)
self.axes = fig.add_subplot(111)
fig.suptitle(title)
# We want the axes cleared every time plot() is called
self.axes.hold(False)
self.compute_initial_figure()
FigureCanvas.__init__(self, fig)
self.setParent(parent)
FigureCanvas.setSizePolicy(self,
QSizePolicy.Expanding,
QSizePolicy.Expanding)
FigureCanvas.updateGeometry(self)
def compute_initial_figure(self):
pass
class MyStaticMplCanvas(MyMplCanvas):
"""Simple canvas with a sine plot."""
def compute_initial_figure(self):
t = arange(0.0, 3.0, 0.01)
s = sin(2*pi*t)
self.axes.plot(t, s)
self.axes.set_ylabel('label1')
self.axes.set_xlabel('label')
self.axes.grid(True)
class ApplicationWindow(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
QMainWindow.__init__(self)
self.setAttribute(QtCore.Qt.WA_DeleteOnClose)
self.setWindowTitle("application main window")
self.setMinimumWidth(800)
self.setMinimumHeight(600)
self.file_menu = QMenu('&File', self)
self.file_menu.addAction('&Quit', self.fileQuit,
QtCore.Qt.CTRL + QtCore.Qt.Key_Q)
self.menuBar().addMenu(self.file_menu)
self.help_menu = QMenu('&Help', self)
self.menuBar().addSeparator()
self.menuBar().addMenu(self.help_menu)
self.help_menu.addAction('&About', self.about)
self.main_widget = QWidget(self)
l = QVBoxLayout(self.main_widget)
form = AppForm()
sc = MyStaticMplCanvas(self.main_widget, width=5, height=4, dpi=100, title='Title 1')
l.addWidget(form)
l.addWidget(sc)
self.main_widget.setFocus()
self.setCentralWidget(self.main_widget)
#self.statusBar().showMessage("Cool", 2000
def fileQuit(self):
self.close()
def closeEvent(self, ce):
self.fileQuit()
def about(self):
QMessageBox.about(self, "About",)
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
aw = ApplicationWindow()
aw.setWindowTitle("PyQt5 Matplot Example")
aw.show()
#sys.exit(qApp.exec_())
app.exec_()
1楼
这里有几个选项：
(a) 执行主类中的工作：不将AppForm的按钮连接到AppForm中的方法， AppForm在ApplicationWindow执行相同的操作。
self.form = AppForm()
self.sc = MyStaticMplCanvas(....)
self.form.apply_button.clicked.connect(self.applyButton)
def applyButton(self):
tx = self.form.aFactor.text()
# do something with tx
# e.g. call a method from MplCanvas
self.sc.someMethod(tx)
(b) 使用信号和槽：在AppForm创建一个信号。
单击按钮后， applyButton可能会发出带有相关内容的信号。
在ApplicationWindow ，将该信号连接到可以以某种方式使用提供的数据的方法。
您也可以将其直接连接到MplCanvas的方法。
class AppForm(QWidget):
mysignal = pyqtSignal(object)
def __init__(self):
....
self.apply_button.clicked.connect(self.applyButton)
def applyButton(self):
self.mysignalemit((self.aFactor.text(),self.mFactor.text(), self.cZone()) )
class ApplicationWindow(QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
....
self.form = AppForm()
self.sc = MyStaticMplCanvas(....)
self.form.mysignal.connect(self.useButtonResults)
self.form.mysignal.connect(self.sc.someMethod)
def useButtonResults(self, obj):
a,b,c = obj
# do something with a, b, c
(c) 使用一个类来做所有事情：只需将所有东西放在一个类中，然后做任何你喜欢做的事情。