原作者:冰山上的播客
看到这篇文章的时候,很是惊讶原作者的耐心,虽然我们在平时用的也有一些,但没有作者列出来的全,写excel的时候,我用过pear的库,也用过pack压包的头,同样那些利用smarty等作的简单替换xml的也用过,csv的就更不用谈了。呵呵。(COM方式不讲了,这种可读的太多了,我也写过利用wps等进行word等的生成之类的文章 )
但是在读的时候,只用过一种,具体是什么忘了,要回去翻代码了。因为采用的是拿来主义,记不住。
原文地址:http://xinsync.xju.edu.cn/index.php/archives/3858
原文内容:
最近因项目需要,需要开发一个模块,把系统中的一些数据导出成Excel,修改后再导回系统。就趁机对这个研究了一番,下面进行一些总结。
基本上导出的文件分为两种:
1:类Excel格式,这个其实不是传统意义上的Excel文件,只是因为Excel的兼容能力强,能够正确打开而已。修改这种文件后再保存,通常会提示你是否要转换成Excel文件。
优点:简单。
缺点:难以生成格式,如果用来导入需要自己分别编写相应的程序。
2:Excel格式,与类Excel相对应,这种方法生成的文件更接近于真正的Excel格式。
如果导出中文时出现乱码,可以尝试将字符串转换成gb2312,
例如下面就把$yourStr从utf-8转换成了gb2312:
$yourStr = mb_convert_encoding(”gb2312″, “UTF-8″, $yourStr);
下面详细列举几种方法。
一、PHP导出Excel
1:第一推荐无比风骚的PHPExcel,官方网站: http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel
导入导出都成,可以导出office2007格式,同时兼容2003。
下载下来的包中有文档和例子,大家可以自行研究。
抄段例子出来:
PHP代码
<?php /** * PHPExcel * * Copyright (C) 2006 - 2007 PHPExcel * * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. * * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU * Lesser General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA * * @category PHPExcel * @package PHPExcel * @copyright Copyright (c) 2006 - 2007 PHPExcel ( http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel) * @license http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.txt LGPL * @version 1.5.0, 2007-10-23 */ /** Error reporting */ error_reporting(E_ALL); /** Include path **/ set_include_path(get_include_path() . PATH_SEPARATOR . ‘../Classes/’); /** PHPExcel */ include ‘PHPExcel.php’; /** PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007 */ include ‘PHPExcel/Writer/Excel2007.php’; // Create new PHPExcel object echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Create new PHPExcel object\n”; $objPHPExcel = new PHPExcel(); // Set properties echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Set properties\n”; $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCreator(”Maarten Balliauw”); $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setLastModifiedBy(”Maarten Balliauw”); $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setTitle(”Office 2007 XLSX Test Document”); $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setSubject(”Office 2007 XLSX Test Document”); $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setDescrīption(”Test document for Office 2007 XLSX, generated using PHP classes.”); $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setKeywords(”office 2007 openxml php”); $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCategory(”Test result file”); // Add some data echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Add some data\n”; $objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(’A1′, ‘Hello’); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(’B2′, ‘world!’); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(’C1′, ‘Hello’); $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(’D2′, ‘world!’); // Rename sheet echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Rename sheet\n”; $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setTitle(’Simple’); // Set active sheet index to the first sheet, so Excel opens this as the first sheet $objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0); // Save Excel 2007 file echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Write to Excel2007 format\n”; $objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007($objPHPExcel); $objWriter->save(str_replace(’.php’, ‘.xlsx’, __FILE__)); // Echo done echo date(’H:i:s’) . ” Done writing file.\r\n”;
2、使用pear的Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer类
下载地址: http://pear.php.net/package/Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer
此类依赖于OLE,下载地址:http://pear.php.net/package/OLE
需要注意的是导出的Excel文件格式比较老,修改后保存会提示是否转换成更新的格式。
不过可以设定格式,很强大。
<?php require_once ‘Spreadsheet/Excel/Writer.php’; // Creating a workbook $workbook = new Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer(); // sending HTTP headers $workbook->send(’test.xls’); // Creating a worksheet $worksheet =& $workbook->addWorksheet(’My first worksheet’); // The actual data $worksheet->write(0, 0, ‘Name’); $worksheet->write(0, 1, ‘Age’); $worksheet->write(1, 0, ‘John Smith’); $worksheet->write(1, 1, 30); $worksheet->write(2, 0, ‘Johann Schmidt’); $worksheet->write(2, 1, 31); $worksheet->write(3, 0, ‘Juan Herrera’); $worksheet->write(3, 1, 32); // Let’s send the file $workbook->close(); ?>
3:利用smarty,生成符合Excel规范的XML或HTML文件
支持格式,非常完美的导出方案。不过导出来的的本质上还是XML文件,如果用来导入就需要另外处理了。
详细内容请见rardge大侠的帖子:http://bbs.chinaunix.net/viewthread.php?tid=745757
需要注意的是如果导出的表格行数不确定时,最好在模板中把”ss:ExpandedColumnCount=”5″ ss:ExpandedRowCount=”21″”之类的东西删掉。
4、利用pack函数打印出模拟Excel格式的断句符号
这种更接近于Excel标准格式,用office2003修改后保存,还不会弹出提示,推荐用这种方法。
缺点是无格式。
<?php // Send Header header(”Pragma: public”); header(”Expires: 0″); header(”Cache-Control: must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0″); header(”Content-Type: application/force-download”); header(”Content-Type: application/octet-stream”); header(”Content-Type: application/download”);; header(”Content-Disposition: attachment;filename=test.xls “); header(”Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary “); // XLS Data Cell xlsBOF(); xlsWriteLabel(1,0,”My excel line one”); xlsWriteLabel(2,0,”My excel line two : “); xlsWriteLabel(2,1,”Hello everybody”); xlsEOF(); function xlsBOF() { echo pack(”ssssss”, 0×809, 0×8, 0×0, 0×10, 0×0, 0×0); return; } function xlsEOF() { echo pack(”ss”, 0×0A, 0×00); return; } function xlsWriteNumber($Row, $Col, $Value) { echo pack(”sssss”, 0×203, 14, $Row, $Col, 0×0); echo pack(”d”, $Value); return; } function xlsWriteLabel($Row, $Col, $Value ) { $L = strlen($Value); echo pack(”ssssss”, 0×204, 8 + $L, $Row, $Col, 0×0, $L); echo $Value; return; } ?>
不过笔者在64位linux系统中使用时失败了,断句符号全部变成了乱码。
5、使用制表符、换行符的方法
制表符”\t”用户分割同一行中的列,换行符”\t\n”可以开启下一行。
<?php header(”Content-Type: application/vnd.ms-execl”); header(”Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=myExcel.xls”); header(”Pragma: no-cache”); header(”Expires: 0″); /*first line*/ echo “hello”.”\t”; echo “world”.”\t”; echo “\t\n”; /*start of second line*/ echo “this is second line”.”\t”; echo “Hi,pretty girl”.”\t”; echo “\t\n”; ?>
6、使用com
如果你的PHP可以开启com模块,就可以用它来导出Excel文件
<?PHP $filename = “c:/spreadhseet/test.xls”; $sheet1 = 1; $sheet2 = “sheet2″; $excel_app = new COM(”Excel.application”) or Die (”Did not connect”); print “Application name: {$excel_app->Application->value}\n” ; print “Loaded version: {$excel_app->Application->version}\n”; $Workbook = $excel_app->Workbooks->Open(”$filename”) or Die(”Did not open $filename $Workbook”); $Worksheet = $Workbook->Worksheets($sheet1); $Worksheet->activate; $excel_cell = $Worksheet->Range(”C4″); $excel_cell->activate; $excel_result = $excel_cell->value; print “$excel_result\n”; $Worksheet = $Workbook->Worksheets($sheet2); $Worksheet->activate; $excel_cell = $Worksheet->Range(”C4″); $excel_cell->activate; $excel_result = $excel_cell->value; print “$excel_result\n”; #To close all instances of excel: $Workbook->Close; unset($Worksheet); unset($Workbook); $excel_app->Workbooks->Close(); $excel_app->Quit(); unset($excel_app); ?>
一个更好的例子: http://blog.chinaunix.net/u/16928/showart_387171.html
一、PHP导入Excel
1:还是用PHPExcel,官方网站: http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel。
2:使用PHP-ExcelReader,下载地址: http://sourceforge.net/projects/phpexcelreader
举例:
<?php require_once ‘Excel/reader.php’; // ExcelFile($filename, $encoding); $data = new Spreadsheet_Excel_Reader(); // Set output Encoding. $data->setOutputEncoding(’utf8′); $data->read(’ jxlrwtest.xls’); error_reporting(E_ALL ^ E_NOTICE); for ($i = 1; $i <= $data->sheets[0]['numRows']; $i++) { for ($j = 1; $j <= $data->sheets[0]['numCols']; $j++) { echo “\”".$data->sheets[0]['cells'][$i][$j].”\”,”; } echo “\n”; } ?>