一、遇到的问题：
1、刚开始挂载成功，f_open一直不行。
；后面发现新版cubemx FATFS->configuration->Platform Setting里有一个BSP设置函数，用来检测SD卡是否插入。
2、解决上面问题，发现还是不太行，后面就降低了频率。SDIOCLK clock divide factor设置为4。 SDIO DMA中断高于SDIO 中断。
3、加上上面问题后，f_open f_write f_read都可以,但是偶尔会出差；f_mkfs报错 FS_DISK_ERR,随后我加上了SDIO硬件流使能了
4、硬件流使能后，问题得到了全部解决。工件稳定，每次都可以执行成功。
二、配置与代码
cubemx版本是V5.6.0
固件:FW_F1V1.8.2
上面新版本多了一个检测SD卡是否存在，但是目前很大都是没有这个引脚的，它是低电平有效。我用PG15管脚设置为下拉输入。让它一直处于低电平有效状态。如果不用一个管脚检测，也可以在代码里，修改始终返回SD_PRESENT：
__weak uint8_t BSP_SD_IsDetected(void)
{
__IO uint8_t status = SD_PRESENT;// if (BSP_PlatformIsDetected() == 0x0)
// {
// status = SD_NOT_PRESENT;
// }return status;
}
直接上代码，测试代码引用盘石的吧，省的写了
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/********************************************************************************* @file : main.c* @brief : Main program body******************************************************************************* @attention** <h2><center>© Copyright (c) 2020 STMicroelectronics.* All rights reserved.</center></h2>** This software component is licensed by ST under Ultimate Liberty license* SLA0044, the "License"; You may not use this file except in compliance with* the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at:* www.st.com/SLA0044********************************************************************************/
/* USER CODE END Header *//* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "dma.h"
#include "fatfs.h"
#include "rtc.h"
#include "sdio.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "stdio.h"
#include "rtc.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes *//* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD *//* USER CODE END PTD *//* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD *//* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM *//* USER CODE END PM *//* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
FATFS fs; /* FatFs文件系统对象 */
FIL file; /* 文件对象 */
FRESULT f_res; /* 文件操作结果 */
UINT fnum; /* 文件成功读写数量 */
BYTE ReadBuffer[1024]={
0}; /* 读缓冲区 */
BYTE WriteBuffer[]= "欢迎使用硬石STM32开发板 今天是个好日子，新建文件系统测试文件\n";/* 写缓冲区*//* 扩展变量 ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* 私有函数原形 --------------------------------------------------------------*/
static void printf_fatfs_error(FRESULT fresult);
/* USER CODE END PV *//* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP *//* USER CODE END PFP *//* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
{
#if 1HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)&ch,1,0x10);#endifreturn ch;
}
/* USER CODE END 0 *//*** @brief The application entry point.* @retval int*/
int main(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
#include "stdio.h"
#include "rtc.h"/* USER CODE END 1 *//* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*//* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */HAL_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN Init *//* USER CODE END Init *//* Configure the system clock */SystemClock_Config();/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit *//* USER CODE END SysInit *//* Initialize all configured peripherals */MX_GPIO_Init();MX_DMA_Init();MX_SDIO_SD_Init();MX_RTC_Init();MX_USART1_UART_Init();MX_FATFS_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
printf("****** 即将进行测试... ******\r\n"); if(retSD == 0){
//在SD卡挂载文件系统，文件系统挂载时会对SD卡初始化f_res = f_mount(&fs,(TCHAR const*)SDPath,1);printf_fatfs_error(f_res);/*----------------------- 格式化测试 ---------------------------*/ #if 0f_res = FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;#endif/* 如果没有文件系统就格式化创建创建文件系统 */if(f_res == FR_NO_FILESYSTEM){
printf("》SD卡还没有文件系统，即将进行格式化...\r\n");/* 格式化 */f_res=f_mkfs((TCHAR const*)SDPath,0,0); if(f_res == FR_OK){
printf("》SD卡已成功格式化文件系统。\r\n");/* 格式化后，先取消挂载 */f_res = f_mount(NULL,(TCHAR const*)SDPath,1); /* 重新挂载 */ f_res = f_mount(&fs,(TCHAR const*)SDPath,1);}else{
printf("《《格式化失败。》》\r\n");while(1);}}else if(f_res!=FR_OK){
printf("！！SD卡挂载文件系统失败。(%d)\r\n",f_res);printf_fatfs_error(f_res);while(1);}else{
printf("》文件系统挂载成功，可以进行读写测试\r\n");}/*----------------------- 文件系统测试：写测试 -----------------------------*//* 打开文件，如果文件不存在则创建它 */printf("****** 即将进行文件写入测试... ******\r\n"); f_res = f_open(&file, "FatFs读写测试文件.txt",FA_CREATE_ALWAYS | FA_WRITE );if ( f_res == FR_OK ){
printf("》打开/创建FatFs读写测试文件.txt文件成功，向文件写入数据。\r\n");/* 将指定存储区内容写入到文件内 */f_res=f_write(&file,WriteBuffer,sizeof(WriteBuffer),&fnum);if(f_res==FR_OK){
printf("》文件写入成功，写入字节数据：%d\r\n",fnum);printf("》向文件写入的数据为：\r\n%s\r\n",WriteBuffer);}else{
printf("！！文件写入失败：(%d)\r\n",f_res);} /* 不再读写，关闭文件 */f_close(&file);}else{
printf("！！打开/创建文件失败。\r\n");}/*------------------- 文件系统测试：读测试 ------------------------------------*/printf("****** 即将进行文件读取测试... ******\r\n");f_res = f_open(&file, "FatFs读写测试文件.txt", FA_OPEN_EXISTING | FA_READ); if(f_res == FR_OK){
printf("》打开文件成功。\r\n");f_res = f_read(&file, ReadBuffer, sizeof(ReadBuffer), &fnum); if(f_res==FR_OK){
printf("》文件读取成功,读到字节数据：%d\r\n",fnum);printf("》读取得的文件数据为：\r\n%s \r\n", ReadBuffer); }else{
printf("！！文件读取失败：(%d)\r\n",f_res);} }else{
printf("！！打开文件失败。\r\n");}/* 不再读写，关闭文件 */f_close(&file);/* 不再使用，取消挂载 */f_res = f_mount(NULL,(TCHAR const*)SDPath,1); /* 注销一个FatFS设备：SD卡 */FATFS_UnLinkDriver(SDPath);}/* USER CODE END 2 *//* Infinite loop *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while (1){
/* USER CODE END WHILE *//* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */}/* USER CODE END 3 */
}/*** @brief System Clock Configuration* @retval None*/
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {
0};RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {
0};RCC_PeriphCLKInitTypeDef PeriphClkInit = {
0};/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks */RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_LSI|RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.LSIState = RCC_LSI_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK){
Error_Handler();}/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB busses clocks */RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK){
Error_Handler();}PeriphClkInit.PeriphClockSelection = RCC_PERIPHCLK_RTC;PeriphClkInit.RTCClockSelection = RCC_RTCCLKSOURCE_LSI;if (HAL_RCCEx_PeriphCLKConfig(&PeriphClkInit) != HAL_OK){
Error_Handler();}
}/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
/*** 函数功能: FatFS文件系统操作结果信息处理.* 输入参数: FatFS文件系统操作结果：FRESULT* 返 回 值: 无* 说 明: 无*/
static void printf_fatfs_error(FRESULT fresult)
{
switch(fresult){
case FR_OK: //(0)printf("》操作成功。\r\n");break;case FR_DISK_ERR: //(1)printf("！！硬件输入输出驱动出错。\r\n");break;case FR_INT_ERR: //(2)printf("！！断言错误。\r\n");break;case FR_NOT_READY: //(3)printf("！！物理设备无法工作。\r\n");break;case FR_NO_FILE: //(4)printf("！！无法找到文件。\r\n");break;case FR_NO_PATH: //(5)printf("！！无法找到路径。\r\n");break;case FR_INVALID_NAME: //(6)printf("！！无效的路径名。\r\n");break;case FR_DENIED: //(7)case FR_EXIST: //(8)printf("！！拒绝访问。\r\n");break;case FR_INVALID_OBJECT: //(9)printf("！！无效的文件或路径。\r\n");break;case FR_WRITE_PROTECTED: //(10)printf("！！逻辑设备写保护。\r\n");break;case FR_INVALID_DRIVE: //(11)printf("！！无效的逻辑设备。\r\n");break;case FR_NOT_ENABLED: //(12)printf("！！无效的工作区。\r\n");break;case FR_NO_FILESYSTEM: //(13)printf("！！无效的文件系统。\r\n");break;case FR_MKFS_ABORTED: //(14)printf("！！因函数参数问题导致f_mkfs函数操作失败。\r\n");break;case FR_TIMEOUT: //(15)printf("！！操作超时。\r\n");break;case FR_LOCKED: //(16)printf("！！文件被保护。\r\n");break;case FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE: //(17)printf("！！长文件名支持获取堆空间失败。\r\n");break;case FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES: //(18)printf("！！打开太多文件。\r\n");break;case FR_INVALID_PARAMETER: // (19)printf("！！参数无效。\r\n");break;}
}
/* USER CODE END 4 *//*** @brief Period elapsed callback in non blocking mode* @note This function is called when TIM4 interrupt took place, inside* HAL_TIM_IRQHandler(). It makes a direct call to HAL_IncTick() to increment* a global variable "uwTick" used as application time base.* @param htim : TIM handle* @retval None*/
void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN Callback 0 *//* USER CODE END Callback 0 */if (htim->Instance == TIM4) {
HAL_IncTick();}/* USER CODE BEGIN Callback 1 *//* USER CODE END Callback 1 */
}/*** @brief This function is executed in case of error occurrence.* @retval None*/
void Error_Handler(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug *//* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state *//* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT
/*** @brief Reports the name of the source file and the source line number* where the assert_param error has occurred.* @param file: pointer to the source file name* @param line: assert_param error line source number* @retval None*/
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 *//* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,tex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) *//* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT *//************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/