Android应用程序组件Service与Activity一样,既可以在新的进程中启动,也可以在应用程序进程内部启动。本文将要介绍在应用程序内部绑定Service的过程,这是一种在应用程序进程内部启动Service的方法。
Step 1. ContextWrapper.bindService
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/core/java/android/content/ContextWrapper.java文件中:
public class ContextWrapper extends Context { Context mBase; ...... @Override public boolean bindService(Intent service, ServiceConnection conn, int flags) { return mBase.bindService(service, conn, flags); } ......
}
这里的mBase是一个ContextImpl实例变量,于是就调用ContextImpl的bindService函数来进一步处理。
Step 2. ContextImpl.bindService
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ContextImpl.java文件中:
class ContextImpl extends Context { ...... @Override public boolean bindService(Intent service, ServiceConnection conn, int flags) { IServiceConnection sd; if (mPackageInfo != null) { sd = mPackageInfo.getServiceDispatcher(conn, getOuterContext(), mMainThread.getHandler(), flags); } else { ...... } try { int res = ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().bindService( mMainThread.getApplicationThread(), getActivityToken(), service, service.resolveTypeIfNeeded(getContentResolver()), sd, flags); ...... return res != 0; } catch (RemoteException e) { return false; } } ...... }
这里的mMainThread是一个ActivityThread实例,通过它的getHandler函数可以获得一个Handler对象,有了这个Handler对象后,就可以把消息分发到ActivityThread所在的线程消息队列中去了。
我们先看一下ActivityThread.getHandler的实现:
Step 3. ActivityThread.getHandler
public final class ActivityThread { ...... final H mH = new H(); ...... private final class H extends Handler { ...... public void handleMessage(Message msg) { ...... } ...... } ...... final Handler getHandler() { return mH; } ......
}
这里返回的Handler是在ActivityThread类内部从Handler类继承下来的一个H类实例变量。
回到Step 2中的ContextImpl.bindService函数中,获得了这个Handler对象后,就调用mPackageInfo.getServiceDispatcher函数来获得一个IServiceConnection接口,这里的mPackageInfo的类型是LoadedApk。
Step 4. LoadedApk.getServiceDispatcher
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/LoadedApk.java文件中:
final class LoadedApk { ...... public final IServiceConnection getServiceDispatcher(ServiceConnection c, Context context, Handler handler, int flags) { synchronized (mServices) { LoadedApk.ServiceDispatcher sd = null; HashMap<ServiceConnection, LoadedApk.ServiceDispatcher> map = mServices.get(context); if (map != null) { sd = map.get(c); } if (sd == null) { sd = new ServiceDispatcher(c, context, handler, flags); if (map == null) { map = new HashMap<ServiceConnection, LoadedApk.ServiceDispatcher>(); mServices.put(context, map); } map.put(c, sd); } else { sd.validate(context, handler); } return sd.getIServiceConnection(); } } ...... static final class ServiceDispatcher { private final ServiceDispatcher.InnerConnection mIServiceConnection; private final ServiceConnection mConnection; private final Handler mActivityThread; ...... private static class InnerConnection extends IServiceConnection.Stub { final WeakReference<LoadedApk.ServiceDispatcher> mDispatcher; ...... InnerConnection(LoadedApk.ServiceDispatcher sd) { mDispatcher = new WeakReference<LoadedApk.ServiceDispatcher>(sd); } ...... } ...... ServiceDispatcher(ServiceConnection conn, Context context, Handler activityThread, int flags) { mIServiceConnection = new InnerConnection(this); mConnection = conn; mActivityThread = activityThread; ...... } ...... IServiceConnection getIServiceConnection() { return mIServiceConnection; } ...... } ......
}
在getServiceDispatcher函数中,传进来的参数context是一个MainActivity实例,先以它为Key值在mServices中查看一下,是不是已经存在相应的ServiceDispatcher实例,如果有了,就不用创建了,直接取出来。在我们这个情景中,需要创建一个新的ServiceDispatcher。在创建新的ServiceDispatcher实例的过程中,将上面传下来ServiceConnection参数c和Hanlder参数保存在了ServiceDispatcher实例的内部,并且创建了一个InnerConnection对象,这是一个Binder对象,一会是要传递给ActivityManagerService的,ActivityManagerServic后续就是要通过这个Binder对象和ServiceConnection通信的。
函数getServiceDispatcher最后就是返回了一个InnerConnection对象给ContextImpl.bindService函数。回到ContextImpl.bindService函数中,它接着就要调用ActivityManagerService的远程接口来进一步处理了。
Step 5. ActivityManagerProxy.bindService
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ActivityManagerNative.java文件中:
class ActivityManagerProxy implements IActivityManager
{ ...... public int bindService(IApplicationThread caller, IBinder token, Intent service, String resolvedType, IServiceConnection connection, int flags) throws RemoteException { Parcel data = Parcel.obtain(); Parcel reply = Parcel.obtain(); data.writeInterfaceToken(IActivityManager.descriptor); data.writeStrongBinder(caller != null ? caller.asBinder() : null); data.writeStrongBinder(token); service.writeToParcel(data, 0); data.writeString(resolvedType); data.writeStrongBinder(connection.asBinder()); data.writeInt(flags); mRemote.transact(BIND_SERVICE_TRANSACTION, data, reply, 0); reply.readException(); int res = reply.readInt(); data.recycle(); reply.recycle(); return res; } ......
}
这个函数通过Binder驱动程序就进入到ActivityManagerService的bindService函数去了。
Step 6. ActivityManagerService.bindService
public final class ActivityManagerService extends ActivityManagerNative implements Watchdog.Monitor, BatteryStatsImpl.BatteryCallback { ...... public int bindService(IApplicationThread caller, IBinder token, Intent service, String resolvedType, IServiceConnection connection, int flags) { ...... synchronized(this) { ...... final ProcessRecord callerApp = getRecordForAppLocked(caller); ...... ActivityRecord activity = null; if (token != null) { int aindex = mMainStack.indexOfTokenLocked(token); ...... activity = (ActivityRecord)mMainStack.mHistory.get(aindex); } ...... ServiceLookupResult res = retrieveServiceLocked(service, resolvedType, Binder.getCallingPid(), Binder.getCallingUid()); ...... ServiceRecord s = res.record; final long origId = Binder.clearCallingIdentity(); ...... AppBindRecord b = s.retrieveAppBindingLocked(service, callerApp); ConnectionRecord c = new ConnectionRecord(b, activity, connection, flags, clientLabel, clientIntent); IBinder binder = connection.asBinder(); ArrayList<ConnectionRecord> clist = s.connections.get(binder); if (clist == null) { clist = new ArrayList<ConnectionRecord>(); s.connections.put(binder, clist); } clist.add(c); b.connections.add(c); if (activity != null) { if (activity.connections == null) { activity.connections = new HashSet<ConnectionRecord>(); } activity.connections.add(c); } b.client.connections.add(c); clist = mServiceConnections.get(binder); if (clist == null) { clist = new ArrayList<ConnectionRecord>(); mServiceConnections.put(binder, clist); } clist.add(c); if ((flags&Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE) != 0) { ...... if (!bringUpServiceLocked(s, service.getFlags(), false)) { return 0; } } ...... } return 1; } ......
}
函数首先根据传进来的参数token是MainActivity在ActivityManagerService里面的一个令牌,通过这个令牌就可以将这个代表MainActivity的ActivityRecord取回来了。
接着通过retrieveServiceLocked函数,得到一个ServiceRecord,这个ServiceReocrd描述的是一个Service对象,这是根据传进来的参数service的内容获得的。回忆一下在MainActivity.onCreate函数绑定服务的语句:
Intent bindIntent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, CounterService.class);
bindService(bindIntent, serviceConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
这里的参数service,就是上面的bindIntent了,它里面设置了CounterService类的信息(CounterService.class),因此,这里可以通过它来把CounterService的信息取出来,并且保存在ServiceRecord对象s中。
接下来,就是把传进来的参数connection封装成一个ConnectionRecord对象。注意,这里的参数connection是一个Binder对象,它的类型是LoadedApk.ServiceDispatcher.InnerConnection,是在Step 4中创建的,后续ActivityManagerService就是要通过它来告诉MainActivity,CounterService已经启动起来了,因此,这里要把这个ConnectionRecord变量c保存下来,它保在在好几个地方,都是为了后面要用时方便地取回来的。
最后,传进来的参数flags的位Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE为1,因此,这里会调用bringUpServiceLocked函数进一步处理。
Step 7. ActivityManagerService.bringUpServiceLocked
public final class ActivityManagerService extends ActivityManagerNative implements Watchdog.Monitor, BatteryStatsImpl.BatteryCallback { ...... private final boolean bringUpServiceLocked(ServiceRecord r, int intentFlags, boolean whileRestarting) { ...... final String appName = r.processName; ProcessRecord app = getProcessRecordLocked(appName, r.appInfo.uid); if (app != null && app.thread != null) { try { realStartServiceLocked(r, app); return true; } catch (RemoteException e) { ...... } } // Not running -- get it started, and enqueue this service record // to be executed when the app comes up. if (startProcessLocked(appName, r.appInfo, true, intentFlags, "service", r.name, false) == null) { ...... } ...... } ......
}
我们没有在程序的AndroidManifest.xml配置文件中设置CounterService的process属性值,因此,它默认就为application标签的process属性值,而application标签的process属性值也没有设置,于是,它们就默认为应用程序的包名了。接下来根据appName和应用程序的uid值获得一个ProcessRecord记录,由于之前在启动MainActivity的时候,已经根据这个appName和uid值创建了一个ProcessReocrd对象,因此,这里取回来的app和app.thread均不为null,于是,就执行realStartServiceLocked函数来执行下一步操作了。
如果这里得到的ProcessRecord变量app为null,又是什么情况呢?在这种情况下,就会执行后面的startProcessLocked函数来创建一个新的进程,然后在这个新的进程中启动这个Service了。
Step 8. ActivityManagerService.realStartServiceLocked
public final class ActivityManagerService extends ActivityManagerNative implements Watchdog.Monitor, BatteryStatsImpl.BatteryCallback { ...... private final void realStartServiceLocked(ServiceRecord r, ProcessRecord app) throws RemoteException { ...... r.app = app; ...... app.services.add(r); ...... try { ...... app.thread.scheduleCreateService(r, r.serviceInfo); ...... } finally { ...... } requestServiceBindingsLocked(r); ...... } ......
}
这个函数执行了两个操作,一个是操作是调用app.thread.scheduleCreateService函数来在应用程序进程内部启动CounterService,这个操作会导致CounterService的onCreate函数被调用;
另一个操作是调用requestServiceBindingsLocked函数来向CounterService要一个Binder对象,这个操作会导致CounterService的onBind函数被调用。
这里的app.thread是一个Binder对象的远程接口,类型为ApplicationThreadProxy。
Step 9. ApplicationThreadProxy.scheduleCreateService
class ApplicationThreadProxy implements IApplicationThread { ...... public final void scheduleCreateService(IBinder token, ServiceInfo info) throws RemoteException { Parcel data = Parcel.obtain(); data.writeInterfaceToken(IApplicationThread.descriptor); data.writeStrongBinder(token); info.writeToParcel(data, 0); mRemote.transact(SCHEDULE_CREATE_SERVICE_TRANSACTION, data, null, IBinder.FLAG_ONEWAY); data.recycle(); } ......
}
这里通过Binder驱动程序就进入到ApplicationThread的scheduleCreateService函数去了。
Step 10. ApplicationThread.scheduleCreateService
public final class ActivityThread { ...... private final class ApplicationThread extends ApplicationThreadNative { ...... public final void scheduleCreateService(IBinder token, ServiceInfo info) { CreateServiceData s = new CreateServiceData(); s.token = token; s.info = info; queueOrSendMessage(H.CREATE_SERVICE, s); } ...... } ......
}
这里它执行的操作就是调用ActivityThread的queueOrSendMessage函数把一个H.CREATE_SERVICE类型的消息放到ActivityThread的消息队列中去。
Step 11. ActivityThread.queueOrSendMessage
public final class ActivityThread { ...... // if the thread hasn't started yet, we don't have the handler, so just // save the messages until we're ready. private final void queueOrSendMessage(int what, Object obj) { queueOrSendMessage(what, obj, 0, 0); } private final void queueOrSendMessage(int what, Object obj, int arg1) { queueOrSendMessage(what, obj, arg1, 0); } private final void queueOrSendMessage(int what, Object obj, int arg1, int arg2) { synchronized (this) { ...... Message msg = Message.obtain(); msg.what = what; msg.obj = obj; msg.arg1 = arg1; msg.arg2 = arg2; mH.sendMessage(msg); } } ......
}
Step 12. H.sendMessage
由于H类继承于Handler类,因此,这里实际执行的Handler.sendMessage函数,这个函数定义在frameworks/base/core/java/android/os/Handler.java文件,这里我们就不看了,有兴趣的读者可以自己研究一下,调用了这个函数之后,这个消息就真正地进入到ActivityThread的消息队列去了,最终这个消息由H.handleMessage函数来处理。
public final class ActivityThread { ...... private final class H extends Handler { ...... public void handleMessage(Message msg) { ...... switch (msg.what) { ...... case CREATE_SERVICE: handleCreateService((CreateServiceData)msg.obj); break; ...... } } } ......
}
Step 13. ActivityThread.handleCreateService
public final class ActivityThread { ...... private final void handleCreateService(CreateServiceData data) { ...... LoadedApk packageInfo = getPackageInfoNoCheck( data.info.applicationInfo); Service service = null; try { java.lang.ClassLoader cl = packageInfo.getClassLoader(); service = (Service) cl.loadClass(data.info.name).newInstance(); } catch (Exception e) { ...... } try { ...... ContextImpl context = new ContextImpl(); context.init(packageInfo, null, this); Application app = packageInfo.makeApplication(false, mInstrumentation); context.setOuterContext(service); service.attach(context, this, data.info.name, data.token, app, ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()); service.onCreate(); mServices.put(data.token, service); ...... } catch (Exception e) { ...... } } ......
}
这个函数的工作就是把CounterService类加载到内存中来,然后调用它的onCreate函数。
这样,CounterService就启动起来了。
至此,应用程序绑定服务过程中的第一步MainActivity.bindService->CounterService.onCreate就完成了。
这一步完成之后,我们还要回到Step 8中去,执行下一个操作,即调用ActivityManagerService.requestServiceBindingsLocked函数,这个调用是用来执行CounterService的onBind函数的。
Step 15. ActivityManagerService.requestServiceBindingsLocked
public final class ActivityManagerService extends ActivityManagerNative implements Watchdog.Monitor, BatteryStatsImpl.BatteryCallback { ...... private final void requestServiceBindingsLocked(ServiceRecord r) { Iterator<IntentBindRecord> bindings = r.bindings.values().iterator(); while (bindings.hasNext()) { IntentBindRecord i = bindings.next(); if (!requestServiceBindingLocked(r, i, false)) { break; } } } private final boolean requestServiceBindingLocked(ServiceRecord r, IntentBindRecord i, boolean rebind) { ...... if ((!i.requested || rebind) && i.apps.size() > 0) { try { ...... r.app.thread.scheduleBindService(r, i.intent.getIntent(), rebind); ...... } catch (RemoteException e) { ...... } } return true; } ......
}
这里的参数r就是我们在前面的Step 6中创建的ServiceRecord了,它代表刚才已经启动了的CounterService。函数requestServiceBindingsLocked调用了requestServiceBindingLocked函数来处理绑定服务的操作,而函数requestServiceBindingLocked又调用了app.thread.scheduleBindService函数执行操作,前面我们已经介绍过app.thread,它是一个Binder对象的远程接口,类型是ApplicationThreadProxy。
Step 16. ApplicationThreadProxy.scheduleBindService
class ApplicationThreadProxy implements IApplicationThread { ...... public final void scheduleBindService(IBinder token, Intent intent, boolean rebind) throws RemoteException { Parcel data = Parcel.obtain(); data.writeInterfaceToken(IApplicationThread.descriptor); data.writeStrongBinder(token); intent.writeToParcel(data, 0); data.writeInt(rebind ? 1 : 0); mRemote.transact(SCHEDULE_BIND_SERVICE_TRANSACTION, data, null, IBinder.FLAG_ONEWAY); data.recycle(); } ......
}
Step 17. ApplicationThread.scheduleBindService
public final class ActivityThread { ...... public final void scheduleBindService(IBinder token, Intent intent, boolean rebind) { BindServiceData s = new BindServiceData(); s.token = token; s.intent = intent; s.rebind = rebind; queueOrSendMessage(H.BIND_SERVICE, s); } ......
}
这里像上面的Step 11一样,调用ActivityThread.queueOrSendMessage函数来发送消息。
Step 18. ActivityThread.queueOrSendMessage
参考上面的Step 11,不过这里的消息类型是H.BIND_SERVICE。
Step 19. H.sendMessage
参考上面的Step 12,不过这里最终在H.handleMessage函数中,要处理的消息类型是H.BIND_SERVICE:
public final class ActivityThread { ...... private final class H extends Handler { ...... public void handleMessage(Message msg) { ...... switch (msg.what) { ...... case BIND_SERVICE: handleBindService((BindServiceData)msg.obj); break; ...... } } } ......
}
Step 20. ActivityThread.handleBindService
public final class ActivityThread { ...... private final void handleBindService(BindServiceData data) { Service s = mServices.get(data.token); if (s != null) { try { data.intent.setExtrasClassLoader(s.getClassLoader()); try { if (!data.rebind) { IBinder binder = s.onBind(data.intent); ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().publishService( data.token, data.intent, binder); } else { ...... } ...... } catch (RemoteException ex) { } } catch (Exception e) { ...... } } } ......
}
在前面的Step 13执行ActivityThread.handleCreateService函数中,已经将这个CounterService实例保存在mServices中,因此,这里首先通过data.token值将它取回来,保存在本地变量s中,接着执行了两个操作,一个操作是调用s.onBind,即CounterService.onBind获得一个Binder对象,另一个操作就是把这个Binder对象传递给ActivityManagerService。
Step 21. CounterService.onBind
public class CounterService extends Service implements ICounterService { ...... private final IBinder binder = new CounterBinder(); public class CounterBinder extends Binder { public CounterService getService() { return CounterService.this; } } @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { return binder; } ......
}
这里的onBind函数返回一个是CounterBinder类型的Binder对象,它里面实现一个成员函数getService,用于返回CounterService接口。
至此,应用程序绑定服务过程中的第二步CounterService.onBind就完成了。
回到ActivityThread.handleBindService函数中,获得了这个CounterBinder对象后,就调用ActivityManagerProxy.publishService来通知MainActivity,CounterService已经连接好了。
Step 22. ActivityManagerProxy.publishService
class ActivityManagerProxy implements IActivityManager
{ ...... public void publishService(IBinder token, Intent intent, IBinder service) throws RemoteException { Parcel data = Parcel.obtain(); Parcel reply = Parcel.obtain(); data.writeInterfaceToken(IActivityManager.descriptor); data.writeStrongBinder(token); intent.writeToParcel(data, 0); data.writeStrongBinder(service); mRemote.transact(PUBLISH_SERVICE_TRANSACTION, data, reply, 0); reply.readException(); data.recycle(); reply.recycle(); } ......
}
Step 23. ActivityManagerService.publishService
public final class ActivityManagerService extends ActivityManagerNative implements Watchdog.Monitor, BatteryStatsImpl.BatteryCallback { ...... public void publishService(IBinder token, Intent intent, IBinder service) { ...... synchronized(this) { ...... ServiceRecord r = (ServiceRecord)token; ...... ...... if (r != null) { Intent.FilterComparison filter = new Intent.FilterComparison(intent); IntentBindRecord b = r.bindings.get(filter); if (b != null && !b.received) { b.binder = service; b.requested = true; b.received = true; if (r.connections.size() > 0) { Iterator<ArrayList<ConnectionRecord>> it = r.connections.values().iterator(); while (it.hasNext()) { ArrayList<ConnectionRecord> clist = it.next(); for (int i=0; i<clist.size(); i++) { ConnectionRecord c = clist.get(i); ...... try { c.conn.connected(r.name, service); } catch (Exception e) { ...... } } } } } ...... } } } ......
}
这里传进来的参数token是一个ServiceRecord对象,它是在上面的Step 6中创建的,代表CounterService这个Service。在Step 6中,我们曾经把一个ConnectionRecord放在ServiceRecord.connections列表中:
ServiceRecord s = res.record; ...... ConnectionRecord c = new ConnectionRecord(b, activity, connection, flags, clientLabel, clientIntent); IBinder binder = connection.asBinder(); ArrayList<ConnectionRecord> clist = s.connections.get(binder); if (clist == null) { clist = new ArrayList<ConnectionRecord>(); s.connections.put(binder, clist); }
因此,这里可以从r.connections中将这个ConnectionRecord取出来:
Iterator<ArrayList<ConnectionRecord>> it = r.connections.values().iterator(); while (it.hasNext()) { ArrayList<ConnectionRecord> clist = it.next(); for (int i=0; i<clist.size(); i++) { ConnectionRecord c = clist.get(i); ...... try { c.conn.connected(r.name, service); } catch (Exception e) { ...... } } }
每一个ConnectionRecord里面都有一个成员变量conn,它的类型是IServiceConnection,是一个Binder对象的远程接口,这个Binder对象又是什么呢?
这就是我们在Step 4中创建的LoadedApk.ServiceDispatcher.InnerConnection对象了。因此,这里执行c.conn.connected函数后就会进入到LoadedApk.ServiceDispatcher.InnerConnection.connected函数中去了。
Step 24. InnerConnection.connected
final class LoadedApk { ...... static final class ServiceDispatcher { ...... private static class InnerConnection extends IServiceConnection.Stub { ...... public void connected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) throws RemoteException { LoadedApk.ServiceDispatcher sd = mDispatcher.get(); if (sd != null) { sd.connected(name, service); } } ...... } ...... } ......
}
这里它将操作转发给ServiceDispatcher.connected函数。
Step 25. ServiceDispatcher.connected
final class LoadedApk { ...... static final class ServiceDispatcher { ...... public void connected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) { if (mActivityThread != null) { mActivityThread.post(new RunConnection(name, service, 0)); } else { ...... } } ...... } ......
}
我们在前面Step 4中说到,这里的mActivityThread是一个Handler实例,它是通过ActivityThread.getHandler函数得到的,因此,调用它的post函数后,就会把一个消息放到ActivityThread的消息队列中去了。
Step 26. H.post
由于H类继承于Handler类,因此,这里实际执行的Handler.post函数,调用了这个函数之后,这个消息就真正地进入到ActivityThread的消息队列去了,与sendMessage把消息放在消息队列不一样的地方是,post方式发送的消息不是由这个Handler的handleMessage函数来处理的,而是由post的参数Runnable的run函数来处理的。这里传给post的参数是一个RunConnection类型的参数,它继承了Runnable类,因此,最终会调用RunConnection.run函数来处理这个消息。
Step 27. RunConnection.run
final class LoadedApk { ...... static final class ServiceDispatcher { ...... private final class RunConnection implements Runnable { ...... public void run() { if (mCommand == 0) { doConnected(mName, mService); } else if (mCommand == 1) { ...... } } ...... } ...... } ......
}
这里的mCommand值为0,于是就执行ServiceDispatcher.doConnected函数来进一步操作了。
Step 28. ServiceDispatcher.doConnected
final class LoadedApk { ...... static final class ServiceDispatcher { ...... public void doConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) { ...... // If there is a new service, it is now connected. if (service != null) { mConnection.onServiceConnected(name, service); } } ...... } ......
}
这里主要就是执行成员变量mConnection的onServiceConnected函数,这里的mConnection变量的类型的ServiceConnection,它是在前面的Step 4中设置好的,这个ServiceConnection实例是MainActivity类内部创建的,在调用bindService函数时保存在LoadedApk.ServiceDispatcher类中,用它来换取一个IServiceConnection对象,传给ActivityManagerService。
Step 29. ServiceConnection.onServiceConnected
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener { ...... private ServiceConnection serviceConnection = new ServiceConnection() { public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className, IBinder service) { counterService = ((CounterService.CounterBinder)service).getService(); Log.i(LOG_TAG, "Counter Service Connected"); } ...... }; ......
}
这里传进来的参数service是一个Binder对象,就是前面在Step 21中从CounterService那里得到的ConterBinder对象,因此,这里可以把它强制转换为CounterBinder引用,然后调用它的getService函数。
至此,应用程序绑定服务过程中的第三步MainActivity.ServiceConnection.onServiceConnection就完成了。
Step 30. CounterBinder.getService
public class CounterService extends Service implements ICounterService { ...... public class CounterBinder extends Binder { public CounterService getService() { return CounterService.this; } } ......
}
这里就把CounterService接口返回给MainActivity了。
至此,应用程序绑定服务过程中的第四步CounterService.CounterBinder.getService就完成了。
这样,Android应用程序绑定服务(bindService)的过程的源代码分析就完成了,总结一下这个过程:
- Step 1 - Step 14,MainActivity调用bindService函数通知ActivityManagerService,它要启动CounterService这个服务,ActivityManagerService于是在MainActivity所在的进程内部把CounterService启动起来,并且调用它的onCreate函数;
- Step 15 - Step 21,ActivityManagerService把CounterService启动起来后,继续调用CounterService的onBind函数,要求CounterService返回一个Binder对象给它;
- Step 22 - Step 29,ActivityManagerService从CounterService处得到这个Binder对象后,就把它传给MainActivity,即把这个Binder对象作为参数传递给MainActivity内部定义的ServiceConnection对象的onServiceConnected函数;
- Step 30,MainActivity内部定义的ServiceConnection对象的onServiceConnected函数在得到这个Binder对象后,就通过它的getService成同函数获得CounterService接口。