http://poj.org/problem?id=3090
欧拉函数（斜率分析）
Description
A lattice point (x, y) in the first quadrant (x and y are integers greater than or equal to 0), other than the origin, is visible from the origin if the line from (0, 0) to (x, y) does not pass through any other lattice point. For example, the point (4, 2) is not visible since the line from the origin passes through (2, 1). The figure below shows the points (x, y) with 0 ≤ x, y ≤ 5 with lines from the origin to the visible points.
Write a program which, given a value for the size, N, computes the number of visible points (x, y) with 0 ≤ x, y ≤ N.
Input
The first line of input contains a single integer C (1 ≤ C ≤ 1000) which is the number of datasets that follow.
Each dataset consists of a single line of input containing a single integer N (1 ≤ N ≤ 1000), which is the size.
Output
For each dataset, there is to be one line of output consisting of: the dataset number starting at 1, a single space, the size, a single space and the number of visible points for that size.
Sample Input
4
2
4
5
231Sample Output
1 2 5
2 4 13
3 5 21
4 231 32549Source Code
#include<iostream>
#define N 1000010
#define ll long long
using namespace std;
ll phi[N],ans[N];
ll n;
void Euler()//打表N以内数的欧拉函数
{for(ll i=1;i<=N;i++)phi[i]=i;for(ll i=2;i<=N;i+=2)phi[i]/=2;for(ll i=3;i<=N;i+=2){if(phi[i]==i){for(ll j=i;j<=N;j+=i)phi[j]=phi[j]/i*(i-1);}}
}
int main()
{Euler();ll k,cnt=1;cin>>k;while(k--){cin>>n;for(ll i=1;i<=n;i++)ans[i]=ans[i-1]+phi[i];cout<<cnt<<' '<<n<<' '<<ans[n]*2+1<<endl;cnt++;}return 0;
}