转载于 :http://blog.csdn.net/kenshincui/article/details/55002487
UITableView
我们都知道UITableView从iOS 8开始实现行高的自适应相对比较简单,首先必须设置estimatedRowHeight给出预估高度,设置rowHeight为UITableViewAutomaticDimension(注意:如果不修改rowHeight默认就是UITableViewAutomaticDimension),对于这两个参数除了直接修改tableview对应的属性之外仍然支持使用对应的代理方法设置。最后只要在UITableViewCell中设置contentView的约束即可。由于UITableViewCell的宽度等同于UITableView因此约束的设置事实上只是为了自动计算高度。通常的做法就是设置contentView的top和bottom约束,而后其内部子视图可以提供intrinsicContentSize(例如UIButtonUILabel默认就已经提供)或者已经有明确的height约束。这样一来就可以做到子控件确定了自身高度,而contentView子控件又设置了和contentView相关的bottom约束来反向计算出UITableViewCell的实际高度。
下面仍然以前面UITableView文章的自定义Cell举例,相比之前大量的运算而言Self-Sizing Cells可以说简化了很多。除了设置estimatedRowHeight外最重要的就是添加相关Autolayout约束。由于头像高度已经固定,内容高度可以通过固有高度自动计算,而二者的间隔和top、bottom约束已经固定,从而Self-Sizing Cells可以自动计算出Cell的高度。
高度计算约束关系:
Cell布局代码:
import UIKitimport SnapKitclass StatusTableViewCell: UITableViewCell {// MARK: - 公共属性var status:Status! {didSet {self.avatarImageView.image = UIImage(named: status.profileImageUrl)self.userNameLabel.text = status.userNameself.mtypeImageView.image = UIImage(named: status.mbtype)self.createdAtLabel.text = status.createdAtself.sourceLabel.text = status.sourceself.contentLabel.text = status.text}}// MARK: - 生命周期及方法覆盖override func awakeFromNib() {super.awakeFromNib()}override init(style: UITableViewCellStyle, reuseIdentifier: String?) {super.init(style: style, reuseIdentifier: reuseIdentifier)self.setup()}required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {super.init(coder: aDecoder)}override func setSelected(_ selected: Bool, animated: Bool) {}// MARK: - 私有方法private func setup() {self.contentView.addSubview(self.avatarImageView)self.contentView.addSubview(self.userNameLabel)self.contentView.addSubview(self.mtypeImageView)self.contentView.addSubview(self.createdAtLabel)self.contentView.addSubview(self.sourceLabel)self.contentView.addSubview(self.contentLabel)self.avatarImageView.snp.makeConstraints { (make) inmake.top.left.equalTo(10.0)make.size.equalTo(CGSize(width: 40.0, height: 40.0))}self.userNameLabel.snp.makeConstraints { (make) inmake.top.equalTo(self.avatarImageView.snp.top)make.left.equalTo(self.avatarImageView.snp.right).offset(8.0)}self.mtypeImageView.snp.makeConstraints { (make) inmake.top.equalTo(self.userNameLabel.snp.top)make.left.equalTo(self.userNameLabel.snp.right).offset(8.0)make.size.equalTo(CGSize(width: 14.0, height: 14.0))}self.createdAtLabel.snp.makeConstraints { (make) inmake.left.equalTo(self.userNameLabel.snp.left)make.bottom.equalTo(self.avatarImageView.snp.bottom)}self.sourceLabel.snp.makeConstraints { (make) inmake.left.equalTo(self.createdAtLabel.snp.right).offset(10.0)make.bottom.equalTo(self.createdAtLabel.snp.bottom)make.right.lessThanOrEqualTo(-8.0)}self.contentLabel.snp.makeConstraints { (make) inmake.top.equalTo(self.avatarImageView.snp.bottom).offset(8.0)make.left.equalTo(self.avatarImageView.snp.left)make.right.equalTo(-8.0)make.bottom.equalTo(-10.0) // 注意此处必须设置,否则contentView无法自适应高度}}// MARK: - 私有属性private lazy var avatarImageView:UIImageView = {let temp = UIImageView()return temp}()private lazy var mtypeImageView:UIImageView = {let temp = UIImageView()return temp}()private lazy var userNameLabel:UILabel = {let temp = UILabel()temp.textColor = UIColor(red: 50.0/255.0, green: 50.0/255.0, blue: 50.0/255.0, alpha: 1.0)temp.font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 14.0)return temp}()private lazy var createdAtLabel:UILabel = {let temp = UILabel()temp.textColor = UIColor(red: 120.0/255.0, green: 120.0/255.0, blue: 120.0/255.0, alpha: 1.0)temp.font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 12.0)return temp}()private lazy var sourceLabel:UILabel = {let temp = UILabel()temp.textColor = UIColor(red: 120.0/255.0, green: 120.0/255.0, blue: 120.0/255.0, alpha: 1.0)temp.font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 12.0)return temp}()private lazy var contentLabel:UILabel = {let temp = UILabel()temp.textColor = UIColor(red: 50.0/255.0, green: 50.0/255.0, blue: 50.0/255.0, alpha: 1.0)temp.font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 14.0)temp.numberOfLines = 0return temp}()}
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最终效果:
无论是UITableView还是后面的UICollectionview,Self-Sizing Cells的概念均是从iOS 8开始提出的。如果是iOS 8之前的版本则需要通过systemLayoutSizeFitting()进行计算或者通过frame直接设置。
UICollectionView
了解了UITableView的Cell行高自适应之后,要理解UICollectionviewCell的Size自适应并不难,因为UICollectionViewCell相比较于UITableViewCell除了要通过AutoLayout确定contentView的高度之外还要确定其宽度,其宽度确定原则和UITableViewCell的高度确定是类似的,只是要通过UICollectionviewCell的contentView子控件自身确定其宽度,然后设置子控件和contentView相关的right约束即可。当然对于UICollectionViewCell自适应尺寸同样必须设置UICollectionViewFlowLayout的estimatedItemSize属性(如果使用UICollectionViewFlowLayout)。
下面的的demo演示了类淘宝商品展示的UICollectionview布局,除了通过AutoLayout确定高度外,通过商品图片的left、right约束和width的设置可以反向推断出contentView的宽度,通过Self-Sizing Cells就可以最终确定UICollectionviewCell的size。
Cell布局代码:
import UIKitclass ProductCollectionViewCell: UICollectionViewCell {// MARK: - 公共属性var product:Product! {didSet {self.productImageView.image = UIImage(named: product.image)self.contentLabel.text = product.textself.priceLabel.text = "?\(product.price)"self.salesLabel.text = "\(product.sale)人购买"}}// MARK: - 生命周期及方法覆盖override init(frame: CGRect) {super.init(frame: frame)self.setup()}required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {super.init(coder: aDecoder)}override func preferredLayoutAttributesFitting(_ layoutAttributes: UICollectionViewLayoutAttributes) -> UICollectionViewLayoutAttributes {return super.preferredLayoutAttributesFitting(layoutAttributes)}// MARK: - 私有方法private func setup() {self.backgroundColor = UIColor.whiteself.contentView.addSubview(self.productImageView)self.contentView.addSubview(self.contentLabel)self.contentView.addSubview(self.priceLabel)self.contentView.addSubview(self.salesLabel)let screenWidth = UIScreen.main.bounds.widthself.productImageView.snp.makeConstraints { (make) inmake.top.left.right.equalTo(0.0)make.height.equalTo(screenWidth*0.5).priority(999)make.width.equalTo((screenWidth-18)*0.5).priority(999) // 此设置可以确定cell宽度,注意尽管降低了默认的优先级仅仅是为了计算中间步骤不至于约束冲突,最终显示时此约束仍然会生效}self.contentLabel.snp.makeConstraints { (make) inmake.top.equalTo(self.productImageView.snp.bottom).offset(4.0)make.left.equalTo(8.0)make.right.equalTo(-8.0)make.height.equalTo(28.0)}self.priceLabel.snp.makeConstraints { (make) inmake.top.equalTo(self.contentLabel.snp.bottom).offset(8.0)make.left.equalTo(self.contentLabel.snp.left)make.bottom.equalTo(-8.0) //此设置可以确定cell高度}self.salesLabel.snp.makeConstraints { (make) inmake.centerY.equalTo(self.priceLabel.snp.centerY)make.right.equalTo(-8.0)}}// MARK: - 私有属性private lazy var productImageView:UIImageView = {let temp = UIImageView()temp.contentMode = .scaleAspectFittemp.clipsToBounds = truereturn temp}()private lazy var contentLabel:UILabel = {let temp = UILabel()temp.textColor = UIColor(red: 50.0/255.0, green: 50.0/255.0, blue: 50.0/255.0, alpha: 1.0)temp.font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 12.0)temp.numberOfLines = 2return temp}()private lazy var priceLabel:UILabel = {let temp = UILabel()temp.textColor = UIColor.orangetemp.font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 14.0)return temp}()private lazy var salesLabel:UILabel = {let temp = UILabel()temp.textColor = UIColor(red: 150.0/255.0, green: 150.0/255.0, blue: 150.0/255.0, alpha: 1.0)temp.font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 12.0)return temp}()}
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最终效果:
除此之外从iOS 8开始,UICollectionViewCell提供了preferredLayoutAttributesFitting()方法用于提供一些cell属性修改,当然通过此方法可以重新修改cell的size(包括Self-Sizing Cells自动计算后的size),对于手动计算高度的情况这也方法也提供了一种不用外部设置cell size的而能提供让UICollectionView确定cell尺寸的方式,但是这并不在Self-Sizing Cells讨论之列,因此本文不再深入讨论。