truffle 学习笔记（二）单元测试

零、环境

1.依赖包

const { BN, constants, expectEvent, shouldFail } = require('openzeppelin-test-helpers');

2.全局变量

const { ZERO_ADDRESS,MAX_UINT256,MAX_INT256,MIN_INT256} = constants;

3.特殊的函数

// 每一个单元测试前(后)做的事情。
beforeEach(async function(){ ToDoSomeThing; });
afterEach(async function(){ ToDoSomeThing; });// 总体的前面执行的函数，这个貌似没什么用
after(async function(){ ToDoSomeThing; });
before(async function(){ ToDoSomeThing; });

一、部署

1.加载合约对象

const ContractName = artifacts.require('ContractName');

2.部署新合约

this.contractName = await ContractName.new({from:accounts[0]});

3.读取已部署合约

this.contractName = await ContractName.deployed();

二、合约交互

1.读取合约地址

// 不能合并成一句话，否则读取不到合约信息！！！
var contractObj = ContractName.deployed();
var contractAddr = contractObj.address;

2函数交互

// 构建交易，默认使用accounts[0]作为签名者
it("测试交易级函数", async function(){
    var erc20 = ERC20.deployed();await erc20.transfer(userAddr, amountBN, {
    value: 0,from: accounts[0]});(await erc20.balanceOf(userAddr)).should.be.bignumber.equal(amountBN,'Error String');
});

3.捕获日志

it('测试捕获日志', async function(){
    var erc20 = ERC20.deployed();const {
     logs } = await erc20.transfer(userAddr, amountBN, {
    from: accounts[0]});expectEvent.inLogs(logs,'Transfer',{
    from: accounts[0],to: userAddr,value: amountBN});
});

4.异常处理

错误类型：

reverting  :  revert
throwing   :  invalid opcode
outOfGas   :  out of gas
shouldFail :  3种中的一种

示例：

it('测试异常', async function(){
    var erc20 = ERC20.deployed();await shouldFail.reverting(erc20.transfer(to,amount),{
    from:accounts[1]});// 判断抛出异常的信息。await shouldFail.reverting.withMessage(erc20.function({
     from: other }), "Unauthorized");
});

三、断言

1.等于,不等于

it("test equal", async function(){
    var actualValue = await erc20.balanceOf(accounts[0]);var expected    = new BN("100");await actualValue.should.be.bignumber.equal(expected);//await actualValue.should.not.be.bignumber.equal(expected);
});

2.比大小

actualValue.should.be.bignumber.above(expected);  // 实际 大于 期望， gt，greaterThan
above(2);   // 大于2
below(4);   // 小于4
at.least(3); // 最小为3
at.most(3);  // 
within(2,4);

3.other

should.exist();

四、数值处理

1.bignumber

// 新建，可以是数值，也可以是字符串，大值，只能用字符串。
var amount1 = new BN(100);
var amount2 = new BN("100000000000000000000000");
var amount3 = new BN('10').pow(new BN('22'));// 运算,加普通数值要使用 addn,subn,muln,divn
amount1.add(amount2); // BN + BN 直接使用add
amount1.addn(100);//断言判断时,需要加bignumber修饰，不然一定不相等。2个不同的BN实例
amount1.should.be.bignumber.equal(amount2);

2.pow

MAX_UINT256 = new BN('2').pow(new BN('256')).sub(new BN('1'));
MAX_INT256  = new BN('2').pow(new BN('255)).sub(new BN('1'));
MIN_INT256  = new BN('2').pow(new BN('255)).mul(new BN('-1'));

3.time

const {
     BN, expectEvent, shouldFail, time } = require('openzeppelin-test-helpers');
var _time = (await time.latest()).add(time.duration.weeks(1));const duration = {
    seconds: function (val) {
     return new BN(val); },minutes: function (val) {
     return new BN(val).mul(this.seconds('60')); },hours: function (val) {
     return new BN(val).mul(this.minutes('60')); },days: function (val) {
     return new BN(val).mul(this.hours('24')); },weeks: function (val) {
     return new BN(val).mul(this.days('7')); },years: function (val) {
     return new BN(val).mul(this.days('365')); },
};before(async function () {
    // 在ganache解释的solid“now”函数中，前进到下一个块，正确读取时间await time.advanceBlock();});

time.advanceBlock()

强制挖一个块，增加块的高度。

time.latest()

Returns the timestamp of the latest mined block. Should be coupled with advanceBlock to retrieve the current blockchain time.

time.latestBlock()

.返回最新块的编号

time.increase(duration)

Increases the time of the blockchain by duration (in seconds), and mines a new block with that timestamp.

time.increaseTo(target)

Same as increase, but a target time is specified instead of a duration.

time.duration

Helpers to convert different time units to seconds. Available helpers are: seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks and years.

4.ether

const value = ether('42');