今日内容
1. 数据库连接池2. Spring JDBC : JDBC Template
数据库连接池
1. 概念:其实就是一个容器(集合),存放数据库连接的容器。当系统初始化好后,容器被创建,容器中会申请一些连接对象,当用户来访问数据库时,从容器中获取连接对象,用户访问完之后,会将连接对象归还给容器。2. 好处:1. 节约资源2. 用户访问高效3. 实现:1. 标准接口:DataSource javax.sql包下的1. 方法:* 获取连接:getConnection()* 归还连接:Connection.close()。如果连接对象Connection是从连接池中获取的,那么调用Connection.close()方法,则不会再关闭连接了。而是归还连接2. 一般我们不去实现它,有数据库厂商来实现1. C3P0:数据库连接池技术2. Druid:数据库连接池实现技术,由阿里巴巴提供的
4. C3P0:数据库连接池技术* 步骤:1. 导入jar包 (两个) c3p0-0.9.5.2.jar mchange-commons-java-0.2.12.jar ,* 不要忘记导入数据库驱动jar包2. 定义配置文件:* 名称: c3p0.properties 或者 c3p0-config.xml* 路径:直接将文件放在src目录下即可。3. 创建核心对象 数据库连接池对象 ComboPooledDataSource4. 获取连接: getConnection* 代码:DataSource ds = new ComboPooledDataSource();Connection conn = ds.getConnection();
package cn.itcast.datasource.c3p0;import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource;import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
public class C3P0Demo2 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException {
}public static void testNamedConfig() throws SQLException {
DataSource ds = new ComboPooledDataSource("otherc3p0");for (int i = 1; i <= 10 ; i++) {
Connection conn = ds.getConnection();System.out.println(i+":"+conn);}}}
5. Druid:数据库连接池实现技术,由阿里巴巴提供的1. 步骤:1. 导入jar包 druid-1.0.9.jar2. 定义配置文件:* 是properties形式的* 可以叫任意名称,可以放在任意目录下3. 加载配置文件。Properties4. 获取数据库连接池对象:通过工厂来来获取 DruidDataSourceFactory5. 获取连接:getConnection* 代码:Properties pro = new Properties();InputStream is = DruidDemo.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("druid.properties");pro.load(is);DataSource ds = DruidDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(pro);Connection conn = ds.getConnection();
- 定义工具类
1. 定义一个类 JDBCUtils
2. 提供静态代码块加载配置文件,初始化连接池对象
3. 提供方法
1. 获取连接方法:通过数据库连接池获取连接
2. 释放资源
3. 获取连接池的方法
package cn.itcast.utils;import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSourceFactory;import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.Properties;
public class JDBCUtils {
private static DataSource ds ;static{
try {
Properties pro = new Properties();pro.load(JDBCUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("druid.properties"));ds = DruidDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(pro);} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();}}public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
return ds.getConnection();}public static void close(Statement stmt,Connection conn){
close(null,stmt,conn);}public static void close(ResultSet rs , Statement stmt, Connection conn){
if(rs != null){
try {
rs.close();} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();}}if(stmt != null){
try {
stmt.close();} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();}}if(conn != null){
try {
conn.close();} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();}}}public static DataSource getDataSource(){
return ds;}}
package cn.itcast.datasource.druid;import cn.itcast.utils.JDBCUtils;import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
public class DruidDemo2 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Connection conn = null;PreparedStatement pstmt = null;try {
conn = JDBCUtils.getConnection();String sql = "insert into account values(null,?,?)";pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sql);pstmt.setString(1,"王五");pstmt.setDouble(2,3000);int count = pstmt.executeUpdate();System.out.println(count);} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();}finally {
JDBCUtils.close(pstmt,conn);}}}
Spring JDBC
* Spring框架对JDBC的简单封装。提供了一个JDBCTemplate对象简化JDBC的开发
* 步骤:1. 导入jar包2. 创建JdbcTemplate对象。依赖于数据源DataSource* JdbcTemplate template = new JdbcTemplate(ds);3. 调用JdbcTemplate的方法来完成CRUD的操作* update():执行DML语句。增、删、改语句* queryForMap():查询结果将结果集封装为map集合,将列名作为key,将值作为value 将这条记录封装为一个map集合* 注意:这个方法查询的结果集长度只能是1* queryForList():查询结果将结果集封装为list集合* 注意:将每一条记录封装为一个Map集合,再将Map集合装载到List集合中* query():查询结果,将结果封装为JavaBean对象* query的参数:RowMapper* 一般我们使用BeanPropertyRowMapper实现类。可以完成数据到JavaBean的自动封装* new BeanPropertyRowMapper<类型>(类型.class)* queryForObject:查询结果,将结果封装为对象* 一般用于聚合函数的查询
package cn.itcast.jdbctemplate;import cn.itcast.utils.JDBCUtils;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
public class JdbcTemplateDemo1 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
JdbcTemplate template = new JdbcTemplate(JDBCUtils.getDataSource());String sql = "update account set balance = 5000 where id = ?";int count = template.update(sql, 3);System.out.println(count);}
}
package cn.itcast.jdbctemplate;import cn.itcast.domain.Emp;
import cn.itcast.utils.JDBCUtils;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;import java.sql.Date;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;public class JdbcTemplateDemo2 {
private JdbcTemplate template = new JdbcTemplate(JDBCUtils.getDataSource());@Testpublic void test1(){
String sql = "update emp set salary = 10000 where id = 1001";int count = template.update(sql);System.out.println(count);}@Testpublic void test2(){
String sql = "insert into emp(id,ename,dept_id) values(?,?,?)";int count = template.update(sql, 1015, "郭靖", 10);System.out.println(count);}@Testpublic void test3(){
String sql = "delete from emp where id = ?";int count = template.update(sql, 1015);System.out.println(count);}@Testpublic void test4(){
String sql = "select * from emp where id = ? or id = ?";Map<String, Object> map = template.queryForMap(sql, 1001,1002);System.out.println(map);}@Testpublic void test5(){
String sql = "select * from emp";List<Map<String, Object>> list = template.queryForList(sql);for (Map<String, Object> stringObjectMap : list) {
System.out.println(stringObjectMap);}}@Testpublic void test6(){
String sql = "select * from emp";List<Emp> list = template.query(sql, new RowMapper<Emp>() {
@Overridepublic Emp mapRow(ResultSet rs, int i) throws SQLException {
Emp emp = new Emp();int id = rs.getInt("id");String ename = rs.getString("ename");int job_id = rs.getInt("job_id");int mgr = rs.getInt("mgr");Date joindate = rs.getDate("joindate");double salary = rs.getDouble("salary");double bonus = rs.getDouble("bonus");int dept_id = rs.getInt("dept_id");emp.setId(id);emp.setEname(ename);emp.setJob_id(job_id);emp.setMgr(mgr);emp.setJoindate(joindate);emp.setSalary(salary);emp.setBonus(bonus);emp.setDept_id(dept_id);return emp;}});for (Emp emp : list) {
System.out.println(emp);}}@Testpublic void test6_2(){
String sql = "select * from emp";List<Emp> list = template.query(sql, new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Emp>(Emp.class));for (Emp emp : list) {
System.out.println(emp);}}@Testpublic void test7(){
String sql = "select count(id) from emp";Long total = template.queryForObject(sql, Long.class);System.out.println(total);}}