Oracle 11g Linux 安装
安装环境：
操作系统 Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.4 (Santiago) 64位
Oracle版本 11.2.0.3
安装步骤：
1、检查操作系统版本
Last login: Thu Jan 29 11:02:05 2015 from 10.100.116.83
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.4 (Santiago)
2、关闭selinux
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/selinux/conf
SELINUX=disabled
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
3、关闭iptable防火墙
[root@localhost ~]# service iptables status
iptables：未运行防火墙。
[root@localhost ~]# service ip6tables stop
ip6tables：清除防火墙规则：[确定]
ip6tables：将 chains 设置为 ACCEPT 策略：filter [确定]
：正在卸载模块：[确定]
[root@localhost ~]# service ip6tables save
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig iptables off
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig ip6tables off
4、创建oracle系统用户
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd dba
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd oinstall
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
[root@localhost ~]# id oracle
uid=501(oracle) gid=503(oinstall) 组=503(oinstall),502(dba)
[root@localhost ~]# passwd oracle
更改用户 oracle 的密码 。
新的 密码：
无效的密码： 它基于字典单词
重新输入新的 密码：
passwd： 所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。
5、修改系统参数文件：
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
# Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
# Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes
kernel.msgmax = 65536
# Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes
kernel.shmmax = 68719476736
# Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages
kernel.shmall = 4294967296
fs.file-max=6815744
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
~
~
"/etc/sysctl.conf" 49L, 1406C written
[root@localhost ~]# sysctl -p --应用新的参数
6、修改etc/security/limits.conf 限制用户对系统资源的使用
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
"/etc/security/limits.conf" 56L, 2124C written
7、查看文件/etc/pam.d/login，确保写入下列信息
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/pam.d/login
session required pam_limits.so
"/etc/pam.d/login" 17L, 766C written
8、修改oracle安装目录的权限，切换到oracle用户，修改oracle环境变量
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /app
[root@localhost ~]# chmod -R 775 /app
[root@localhost ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@localhost ~]$ vi .bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH
ORACLE_BASE=/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
ORACLE_SID=ggdir
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$HOME/bin
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID LD_LIBRARY_PATH PATH
~
~
".bash_profile" 18L, 400C 已写入
[oracle@localhost ~]$ source .bash_profile
9、检查需要的包是否都已安装，命令rpm -q 包名
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -q binutils
binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.36.el6.x86_64
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -q elfutils-libelf
elfutils-libelf-0.152-1.el6.x86_64
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -q gcc
gcc-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -q gcc-c++
gcc-c++-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -q glibc
glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64
glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.i686
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -q glibc-common
glibc-common-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -q glibc-devel
glibc-devel-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -q glibc-headers
glibc-headers-2.12-1.107.el6.x86_64
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -q libaio
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -q libgcc
libgcc-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64
libgcc-4.4.7-3.el6.i686
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -q libstdc++
libstdc++-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -q libstdc++-devel
libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -q make
make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -q sysstat
sysstat-9.0.4-20.el6.x86_64
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -q elfutils-libelf-devel
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.152-1.el6.x86_64
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -q pdksh
pdksh-5.2.14-30.x86_64
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -q unixODBC
unixODBC-2.2.14-12.el6_3.x86_64
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -q unixODBC-devel
unixODBC-devel-2.2.14-12.el6_3.x86_64
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -q libaio-devel
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64
[oracle@localhost ~]$ rpm -q compat-libstdc++-33
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686
10、上传安装文件，并解压
[oracle@localhost ~]$ cd /app/oracle
[oracle@localhost oracle]$ ls
p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
[oracle@localhost oracle]$ unzip p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
[oracle@localhost oracle]$ unzip p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
11、运行安装文件，安装oracle软件
[oracle@localhost oracle]$ mkdir -p $ORACLE_HOME
[oracle@localhost oracle]$ cd database
[oracle@localhost database]$ export DISPLAY=10.100.116
[oracle@localhost database]$ export DISPLAY=10.100.116.83:0.0
[oracle@localhost database]$ xhost +
access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
[oracle@localhost database]$ export LANG=c
[oracle@localhost database]$ ./runInstaller
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB. Actual 9416 MB Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 8191 MB Passed
Checking monitor: must be configured to display at least 256 colors. Actual 16777216 Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2015-01-30_04-27-29PM. Please wait ...[oracle@localhost database]$ You can find the log of this install session at:
/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2015-01-30_04-27-29PM.log
12、安装完成后，根据提示以root身份运行两个脚本
[oracle@localhost oraInventory]$ su - root
Password:
[root@localhost ~]# cd /app
[root@localhost app]# cd oraInventory
[root@localhost oraInventory]# ./orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /app/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.
Changing groupname of /app/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
[root@localhost oraInventory]# cd $ORACLE_HOME
[root@localhost ~]# cd /app/oracle
[root@localhost oracle]# cd product
[root@localhost product]# cd 11.2.0
[root@localhost 11.2.0]# cd dbhome_1
[root@localhost dbhome_1]# ./root.sh
Performing root user operation for Oracle 11g
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
ORACLE_HOME= /app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: /usr/local/bin
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Finished product-specific root actions.
[root@localhost dbhome_1]# exit
13、切换oracle用户，调用DBCA创建数据库
[oracle@localhost oraInventory]$ cd
[oracle@localhost ~]$ export LANG=c
[oracle@localhost ~]$ export DISPLAY=10.100.116.83:0.0
[oracle@localhost ~]$ xhost +
access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
[oracle@localhost ~]$ dbca
14、调用netca配置监听
[oracle@localhost ~]$ netca
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Configuring Listener:LISTENER
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
Running Listener Control:
/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
Listener Control complete.
Listener started successfully.
Profile configuration complete.
Default local naming configuration complete.
Created net service name: ggdir
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0
[oracle@localhost ~]$ lsnrctl status