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Android8.0中将静态注册改为动态注册(自定义标准广播)

热度:45   发布时间:2023-12-16 04:37:02.0

布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"android:id="@+id/activity_main"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"tools:context="com.example.lenovo.broadcasttest.MainActivity"><Buttonandroid:id="@+id/button"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="wrap_content"android:text="Send Broadcast"/>
</RelativeLayout>

一、静态注册(以下代码在安卓7.0及其以下能运行
MainActivity.java

package com.example.lenovo.broadcasttest;import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    @Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);Button button=(Button) findViewById(R.id.button);button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){
    @Overridepublic void onClick(View v){
    //监听有com.example.broadcasttest.MY_BROADCAST这条广播的接收器会收到消息Intent intent=new Intent("com.example.broadcasttest.MY_BROADCAST");sendBroadcast(intent);}          });}
}

MyBroadcastReceiver.java

package com.example.lenovo.broadcasttest;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.widget.Toast;public class MyBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
    public MyBroadcastReceiver() {
    }@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
    Toast.makeText(context,"我收到广播",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}
}

AndroidManifest.xml(在这里面进行注册----所以叫做静态注册)

     <receiverandroid:name=".MyBroadcastReceiver"android:enabled="true"android:exported="true"><intent-filter><action android:name="com.example.broadcasttest.MY_BROADCAST"/></intent-filter></receiver>

效果图:(点击没有任何反应在这里插入图片描述
原因:Android8.0在AndroidManifest.xml文件中静态注册广播接收失效是由于官方对耗电量的优化,避免APP滥用广播的一种处理方式。除了少部分的广播仍支持静态注册(如开机广播),其余的都会出现失效的情况。

二、解决方案:改成动态注册(在Android8.0以及以后,都建议采用这种注册方式)
MainActivity.java

package com.example.lenovo.broadcasttest;import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private MyBroadcastReceiver myBroadcastReceiver;private IntentFilter intentFilter;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);intentFilter=new IntentFilter();//这里定义接受器监听广播的类型,这里添加相应的广播intentFilter.addAction("com.example.broadcasttest.MY_BROADCAST");//实例化接收器myBroadcastReceiver=new MyBroadcastReceiver();//注册事件,将监听类型赋给对应的广播接收器----所以这叫动态注册registerReceiver(myBroadcastReceiver,intentFilter);Button button=(Button) findViewById(R.id.button);button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){
    @Overridepublic void onClick(View v){
    //这是一条自定义标准广播-----所有监听com.example.broadcasttest.MY_BROADCAST这条广播的接收器都会收到消息Intent intent=new Intent("com.example.broadcasttest.MY_BROADCAST");sendBroadcast(intent);}});}@Overrideprotected void onDestroy(){
    super.onDestroy();//注销事件unregisterReceiver(myBroadcastReceiver);}}

MyBroadcastReceiver.java(没变)

package com.example.lenovo.broadcasttest;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.widget.Toast;public class MyBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
    public MyBroadcastReceiver() {
    }@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
    //广播接收器仅仅定义了对监听到的广播的反应,没有定义监听的类型(在MainActivity.java中动态注册)Toast.makeText(context,"我收到广播",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}
}

效果图:
在这里插入图片描述

核心思想

  • 将在AndroidManifest.xml中注册的部分移到MainActivity.java中进行注册(记得销毁注册)
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