作者：张华 发表于：2015-12-19
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(http://blog.csdn.net/quqi99 )
Heat根据配置文件模板(HOT, heat orchestration template)实例化一组符合要求的虚机。也能够在其上对应用软件进行配置与编排。对支持对一个组件部署后的负载均衡进行编排。
Heat 服务包含以下重要的组件：
- Heat-api组件实现OpenStack天然支持的REST API。该组件通过把API请求经由AMQP传送给Heat engine来处理API请求。
- Heat-api-cfn组件提供兼容AWS CloudFormation的API，同时也会把API请求通过AMQP转发给heat engine。
- Heat-engine组件提供Heat最主要的协作功能。
Setting up test environment
heat: charm: cs:~openstack-charmers-next/heatconstraints: mem=1Gnum_units: 3options:vip: 10.5.100.20heat-hacluster:charm: cs:~openstack-charmers-next/haclusteroptions:debug: Truerelations:- [ heat, mysql ] - [ heat, keystone ]- [ heat, rabbitmq-server ]- [ heat, heat-hacluster ]or./generate-bundle.sh -s bionic -r stein --num-compute 2 --heat
juju deploy ./b/openstack.yaml --overlay ./b/o/neutron-gateway.yaml --overlay ./b/o/heat.yamlneutron net-list && neutron router-list
nova boot --image trusty --nic net-id=98e10e32-13eb-48ee-b265-4ae0e449b6e5 --flavor 2 i1
nova secgroup-add-rule default icmp -1 -1 0.0.0.0/0
nova secgroup-add-rule default tcp 22 22 0.0.0.0/0
nova floating-ip-create
nova floating-ip-associate i1 10.5.150.1
或者使用devstack部署，localrc文件如下
#OFFLINE=True
DEST=/home/demo
IPSEC_PACKAGE=strongswan
sudo route del -net 10.0.1.0/24 gw 192.168.101.3
sudo apt-get install openvswitch-switch qemu-kvm libvirt-bin
sudo ovs-vsctl -- --may-exist add-br br-phy
sleep 5
sudo ip addr add 172.16.1.1/24 dev br-phy
#sudo ovs-vsctl -- --may-exist add-port br-phy eth0 -- set interface eth0 type=internal
ENABLED_SERVICES=rabbit,mysql,key,g-api,g-reg
ENABLED_SERVICES+=,n-api,n-crt,n-obj,n-cpu,n-cond,n-sch
#ENABLED_SERVICES+=,cinder,c-api,c-vol,c-sch
ENABLED_SERVICES+=,q-svc,q-agt,q-dhcp,q-l3,q-meta,neutron,q-lbaas,q-fwaas,q-vpnQ_ML2_TENANT_NETWORK_TYPE=flat,vlan,gre,vxlan
OVS_BRIDGE_MAPPINGS=physnet1:br-phy#ENABLED_SERVICES+=,horizon
#ENABLED_SERVICES+=,s-proxy,s-object,s-container,s-account
VOLUME_BACKING_FILE_SIZE=500M
SWIFT_HASH=66a3d6b56c1f479c8b4e70ab5c2000f5
SWIFT_REPLICAS=1
SWIFT_DATA_DIR=/home/demo/data/swiftHOST_IP=172.16.1.1
SERVICE_HOST=172.16.1.1
MYSQL_HOST=172.16.1.1
RABBIT_HOST=172.16.1.1
GLANCE_HOSTPORT=172.16.1.1:9292
Q_HOST=172.16.1.1FIXED_RANGE=10.0.1.0/24
FLOATING_RANGE=192.168.101.0/24
Q_FLOATING_ALLOCATION_POOL=start=192.168.101.3,end=192.168.101.100
PUBLIC_NETWORK_GATEWAY=192.168.101.1
NETWORK_GATEWAY=10.0.1.1
PUBLIC_BRIDGE=br-ex
# sudo ovs-vsctl add-port br-ex eth1
OVS_PHYSICAL_BRIDGE=br-phyDATABASE_USER=root
DATABASE_PASSWORD=password
ADMIN_PASSWORD=password
SERVICE_PASSWORD=password
RABBIT_PASSWORD=password
SERVICE_TOKEN=ADMIN
LOGFILE=/home/demo/logs/stack.log
ENABLE_DEBUG_LOG_LEVEL=False
SYSLOG=False
SCREEN_LOGDIR=/home/demo/logs
LOG_COLOR=False
Q_USE_DEBUG_COMMAND=False
APACHE_ENABLED_SERVICES+=keystone
KEYSTONE_TOKEN_FORMAT=UUID
USE_SSL=False
disable_service tls-proxyENABLED_SERVICES+=,heat,h-api,h-api-cfn,h-api-cw,h-eng
CIRROS_VERSION=0.3.4ENABLED_SERVICES+=,heat,h-api,h-api-cfn,h-api-cw,h-eng
CIRROS_VERSION=0.3.4使用heat进行部署
heat_template_version: 2013-05-23
description: HOT template for two interconnected VMs with floating ips.
parameters:image_id:type: stringdescription: Image Namesecgroup_id:type: stringdescription: Id of the security groupepublic_net:type: stringdescription: public network id
resources:private_net:type: OS::Neutron::Netproperties:name: private-net private_subnet:type: OS::Neutron::Subnetproperties:network_id: { get_resource: private_net }cidr: 172.16.2.0/24gateway_ip: 172.16.2.1 router1:type: OS::Neutron::Routerproperties:external_gateway_info:network: { get_param: public_net } router1_interface:type: OS::Neutron::RouterInterfaceproperties:router_id: { get_resource: router1 }subnet_id: { get_resource: private_subnet }server1_port:type: OS::Neutron::Portproperties:network_id: { get_resource: private_net }security_groups: [ get_param: secgroup_id ]fixed_ips:- subnet_id: { get_resource: private_subnet }server1_floating_ip:type: OS::Neutron::FloatingIPproperties:floating_network_id: { get_param: public_net }port_id: { get_resource: server1_port }server1:type: OS::Nova::Serverproperties:name: Server1image: { get_param: image_id }flavor: m1.tinynetworks:- port: { get_resource: server1_port }server2_port:type: OS::Neutron::Portproperties:network_id: { get_resource: private_net }security_groups: [ get_param: secgroup_id ]fixed_ips:- subnet_id: { get_resource: private_subnet }server2_floating_ip:type: OS::Neutron::FloatingIPproperties:floating_network_id: { get_param: public_net }port_id: { get_resource: server2_port }server2:type: OS::Nova::Serverproperties:name: Server2image: { get_param: image_id }flavor: m1.tinynetworks:- port: { get_resource: server2_port }
outputs:server1_private_ip:description: Private IP address of server1value: { get_attr: [ server1, first_address ] }server1_public_ip:description: Floating IP address of server1value: { get_attr: [ server1_floating_ip, floating_ip_address ] }server2_private_ip:description: Private IP address of server2value: { get_attr: [ server2, first_address ] }server2_public_ip:description: Floating IP address of server2value: { get_attr: [ server2_floating_ip, floating_ip_address ] }这个ymal文件，大概是需要完成下面的工作
- 创建一个私有网络
- 创建一个路由器
- 连接好外部网络和内部网络
- 创建两个虚拟机，绑定floating ip
Heat目前支持两种格式的模板，一种是基于JSON格式的CFN模板；另外一种是基于YAML格式的HOT模板。CFN模板主要是为了保持对AWS的兼容性。HOT模板是Heat自有的，资源类型更加丰富，更能体现出Heat特点的模板。一个典型的 HOT 模板由下列元素构成：
- 模板版本：必填字段，指定所对应的模板版本，Heat 会根据版本进行检验。
- 参数列表：选填，指输入参数列表。
- 资源列表：必填，指生成的 Stack 所包含的各种资源。可以定义资源间的依赖关系，比如说生成Port，然后再用port来生成VM。
- 输出列表：选填，指生成的 Stack 暴露出来的信息，可以用来给用户使用，也可以用来作为输入提供给其它的 Stack。
NET_ID=$(nova net-list | awk '/ ext_net / { print $2 }')
SEC_ID=$(nova secgroup-list | awk '/ default / { print $2 }')
heat stack-create -f first-stack.yml -P image_id=cirros -P public_net=$NET_ID -P secgroup_id=$SEC_ID First_Stackubuntu@zhhuabj-bastion:~/openstack-charm-testing$ heat stack-list
+--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+
| id | stack_name | stack_status | creation_time |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+
| b36bdf67-bd59-401d-ab3b-f7437aa06c30 | First_Stack | CREATE_COMPLETE | 2015-12-19T10:18:49Z |
+--------------------------------------+-------------+-----------------+----------------------+ubuntu@zhhuabj-bastion:~/openstack-charm-testing$ nova list
+--------------------------------------+---------+--------+------------+-------------+------------------------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+---------+--------+------------+-------------+------------------------------------+
| 901d5365-01b6-4254-a65f-5177d804d074 | Server1 | ACTIVE | - | Running | private-net=172.16.2.3, 10.5.150.4 |
| f1441f2d-4fb2-4560-b0ff-85d0cde4bc45 | Server2 | ACTIVE | - | Running | private-net=172.16.2.4, 10.5.150.3 |ubuntu@juju-zhhuabj-machine-7:~$ ps -ef|grep heat
root 3656 1 0 Dec08 ? 00:05:40 /var/lib/juju/tools/unit-heat-0/jujud unit --data-dir /var/lib/juju --unit-name heat/0 --debug
heat 20395 1 0 Dec08 ? 00:00:10 /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/heat-api --config-file=/etc/heat/heat.conf --log-file=/var/log/heat/heat-api.log
heat 20414 1 0 Dec08 ? 00:00:10 /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/heat-api-cfn --config-file=/etc/heat/heat.conf --log-file=/var/log/heat/heat-api-cfn.log
heat 20437 1 0 Dec08 ? 00:19:54 /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/heat-engine --config-file=/etc/heat/heat.conf --log-file=/var/log/heat/heat-engine.logHeat也能对软件进行配置和部署的编排
Heat 提供了多种资源类型来支持对于软件配置和部署的编排，如下所列：
- OS::Heat::CloudConfig： VM引导程序启动时的配置，由 OS::Nova::Server 引用
- OS::Heat::SoftwareConfig：描述软件配置
- OS::Heat::SoftwareDeployment：执行软件部署
- OS::Heat::SoftwareDeploymentGroup：对一组 VM 执行软件部署
- OS::Heat::SoftwareComponent：针对软件的不同生命周期部分，对应描述软件配置
- OS::Heat::StructuredConfig：和 OS::Heat::SoftwareConfig 类似，但是用 Map 来表述配置
- OS::Heat::StructuredDeployment：执行 OS::Heat::StructuredConfig 对应的配置
- OS::Heat::StructuredDeploymentsGroup：对一组 VM 执行 OS::Heat::StructuredConfig 对应的配置
Heat 对负载均衡的编排
负载均衡也是一个很高级应用，它也是由一组不同的资源类型来实现的。资源类型包括：
- OS::Neutron::Pool：定义资源池，一般可以由 VM 组成
- OS::Neutron::PoolMember：定义资源池的成员
- OS::Neutron::HealthMonitor：定义健康监视器，根据自定的协议，比如 TCP 来监控资源的状态，并提供给 OS::Neutron::Pool 来调整请求分发
- OS::Neutron::LoadBalancer：关联资源池以定义整个负载均衡。
Heat对资源自动伸缩的编排
基础架构的自动伸缩是一个很高级的功能。Heat 提供自动伸缩组 OS::Heat::AutoScalingGroup 和伸缩策略 OS::Heat::ScalingPolicy，结合基于 Ceilometer 的 OS::Ceilometer::Alarm 实现了可以根据各种条件，比如负载，进行资源自动伸缩的功能。
如何使用Cirros作为例子镜像
Since cirros images don't currently support multi-part mime user-data, it's necessary to inject the hook script to the image and upload the modified image to glance:
heat-templates/hot/software-config/example-templates/cirros-example at master · openstack/heat-templates · GitHub
wget http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.3.2/cirros-0.3.2-x86_64-disk.img
virt-copy-in -a cirros-0.3.2-x86_64-disk.img init.d/heat-deploy-hook /etc/init.d
virt-copy-in -a cirros-0.3.2-x86_64-disk.img rc3.d/S99-heat-deploy-hook /etc/rc3.d
glance image-create --name cirros-0.3.2-sc --disk-format=qcow2 --container-format=bare < cirros-0.3.2-x86_64-disk.img
heat stack-create sc1 -f cirros-hello-world.yaml -P "image=cirros-0.3.2-sc"
或者用cirros 0.3.3：
glance image-create --name "Cirros 0.3.3" --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --is-public True --copy http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.3.3/cirros-0.3.3-x86_64-disk.img
nova flavor-create m1.nano 42 64 0 1
或者在devstack中直接指定cirros的版本
<strong>CIRROS_VERSION=0.3.4</strong>另一个例子
openstack stack create --parameter vm_name=science --parameter image=cirros --parameter flavor=m1.tiny --parameter net=ext_net -t ./test-stack.yml science-stack
openstack stack list
openstack stack list -f value | awk '{print $2}' | while read STA; do echo "Stack $STA"; openstack stack resource list $STA; openstack stack resource list $STA -f value | awk '{print $1}' | while read RES; do echo "Resource $RES"; openstack stack resource show $STA $RES -f yaml; done; echo;echo;echo; done[root@laas-pikecoa-course:~]# openstack stack output list science-stack
+------------+--------------+
| output_key | description |
+------------+--------------+
| private_ip | Allocated IP |
+------------+--------------+
[root@laas-pikecoa-course:~]# openstack stack output show science-stack private_ip
+--------------+--------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+--------------+
| description | Allocated IP |
| output_key | private_ip |
| output_value | 172.24.4.10 |
+--------------+--------------+
$ openstack stack resource list ec3f904e-7f38-45a2-8619-93be53768b45
+---------------+--------------------------------------+------------------+-----------------+----------------------+
| resource_name | physical_resource_id | resource_type | resource_status | updated_time |
+---------------+--------------------------------------+------------------+-----------------+----------------------+
| server_vm | 29f0961c-90e5-4d02-bf3b-554bc851fdf9 | OS::Nova::Server | CREATE_COMPLETE | 2019-08-16T08:17:53Z |
+---------------+--------------------------------------+------------------+-----------------+----------------------+
openstack stack resource show ec3f904e-7f38-45a2-8619-93be53768b45 server_vm -f yaml# cat files/test-stack.yml
heat_template_version: 2013-05-23description: >This is a heat template that will create a server and attach a volume
parameters:vm_name:type: stringlabel: VM Namedescription: The name to use for the VMconstraints:- length: {min: 2}description: VM name must be more then 2 characters, letter and numbers only.- allowed_pattern: "[a-zA-Z0-9]+"description: VM name must consist of characters and numbers only.image:type: stringlabel: Server Imagedescription: |Name or UUID of the image to use. default: cirrosflavor:type: stringlabel: Server flavordescription: |Name or ID of the flavor to use. default: m1.tinynet:type: stringdescription: |Name or ID of the Network to usevolume:type: stringdescription: |ID of volume to attach to the serverresources:server_vm:type: OS::Nova::Serverproperties:name : {get_param: vm_name}image: { get_param: image }flavor: { get_param: flavor }networks:- network: { get_param: net }user_data:str_replace:template: |#!/bin/bashecho "Hi ${vm_name}"params:${vm_password} : {get_param : vm_name}outputs:private_ip:description: Allocated IPvalue: {get_attr : [server_vm, first_address]}Bug
heat创建虚机是并发的, 但dhcp-agent是一个一个处理的, 会产生问题 - https://review.opendev.org/#/c/649580/
当添加sg-logging会看到heat创建虚机更慢. 可以:
1, juju config neutron-api rpc-response-timeout=180
2, disable anti-affinity check by setting [filter_scheduler]/build_failure_weight_multiplier = 0
3, disable heartbeat by setting [oslo_messaging_rabbit]heartbeat_timeout_threshold=0
4, or setting heartbeat to 300 by adding the line '{heartbeat, 300},' in /etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.config and [oslo_messaging_rabbit]heartbeat_timeout_threshold=300 in /etc/neutron/neutron.conf
最终这种慢实际上是由大量的安全组造成的:
Neutron has 3 RPC mechanisms:
1, Plugin RPC, used for messaging beteen neutron -server process and various service agent processes.
2, Callback System, used for in-process communication between core resources and service components. eg: make vpn service aware of lifecycle events changes for network resource.
3, Messaging Callback System, used for inter-process between core resources and service agents. pls refer [1] for more details.Topic name format is as follows:
neutron-vo-<resource_class_name>-<version>There are 10 resources (QosPolicy, Trunk, SubPort, Port, Subnet, Network, SecurityGroup, SecurityGrouprule, Log, PortForwarding) according to - https://github.com/openstack/neutron/blob/stable/stein/neutron/api/rpc/callbacks/resources.py#L38As for there are multiple queues with the same large number of messages, they seem to be related to SecurityGroup and SecurityGroupRule, not Log:
neutron-vo-SecurityGroupRule-1.0_fanout_d8e73717f6544f22ac38b05cd0adf924 410
neutron-vo-SecurityGroup-1.0_fanout_51ee6075715a4f2d831029def5eb8ead 168#see the connection num from every clients
tshark -r xxx.pcap |grep AMQP |awk '{arr[$5]++}END{for (a in arr) print a, arr[a]}' |sort -n -k 2 -r
10.55.12.80 166682
10.55.12.62 33172
10.55.12.61 18538 https://bugs.launchpad.net/charm-nova-cloud-controller/+bug/1817877
randomize_allocation_candidates = trueopenstack security group list | wc -l 一些命令
openstack stack list -f value | awk '{print $2}' | while read STACK; do echo; echo $STACK; openstack stack resource list $STACK; done
openstack stack list -f value | grep FAILED | awk '{print $2}' | while read STA; do echo "Stack $STA"; openstack stack resource list $STA -f value | grep FAILED | awk '{print $1}' | while read RES; do echo "Resource $RES"; openstack stack resource show $STA $RES; done; done
参考
[1] Template Guide — openstack-heat 17.1.0.dev5 documentation
[2] http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/cloud/library/1511_zoupx_openstackheat/index.htm
[3] https://github.com/openstack/heat-templates/tree/master/hot/software-config/example-templates/cirros-example