ORACLE清算、截断监听日志文件（listener.log）_Oracle开发

ORACLE清理、截断监听日志文件（listener.log）

在ORACLE数据库中，如果不对监听日志文件（listener.log）进行截断,那么监听日志文件（listener.log）会变得越来越大，想必不少人听说过关于“LISTENER.LOG日志大小不能超过2GB，超过会导致LISTENER监听器无法处理新的连接”，当然这个不是真理，不会绝对出现，只是发生在老旧的32bit Linux或Unix系统下面，真实的原因是一些32bit OS自带的文件系统不支持2GB以上的文件，导致监听服务进程（tnslsnr）append write日志文件出错。

那么是否不需要对监听日志文件进行截断维护呢？答案是否定的。当然要对监听日志文件（listener.log）进行定期清理，如果不定期清理，会遇到下面一些麻烦：

1：监听日志文件（listener.log）变得越来越大，占用额外的存储空间。（当然现在存储白菜价，不差那几G的空间。但是我们还是要本着工匠情怀，精益求精）

2：监听日志文件（listener.log）变得太大会带来一些问题：LISTENER.LOG日志大小不能超过2GB，超过会导致LISTENER监听器无法处理新的连接。

3：监听日志文件（listener.log）变得太大，给写入、查看带来的一些性能问题、麻烦。

也有人说是监听服务进程一般使用标准C函数Write写出到Listener.log，listener.log文件时使用的是O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_APPEND，O_APPEND即追加到文件的尾端，一般来说追加写方式不会因为文件越大写地越慢。撇开这个不谈，在一个很大的监听日志文件（listener.log）查找某一天或某一个错误，这个确实会带来一些性能问题。查找起来也相当麻烦。

所以应该定期对监听日志文件（listener.log）进行清理，另外一种说法叫截断日志文件。关于截断监听日志，要注意一些问题。初学ORACLE的时候遇到一个错误的截断监听日志的，下面演示一下

[oracle@DB-Server log]$ mv listener.log listener.log.20150114 [oracle@DB-Server log]$ cp /dev/null listener.log [oracle@DB-Server log]$ more listener.log 

如上所示，这样截断监听日志（listener.log）后，监听服务进程（tnslsnr）并不会将新的监听信息写入listener.log，而是继续写入listener.log.20150114

[oracle@DB-Server log]$  tail listener.log.2015011415-JAN-2015 22:40:01 * service_update * EPPS * 015-JAN-2015 22:47:59 * service_update * EPPS * 015-JAN-2015 22:58:00 * service_update * EPPS * 015-JAN-2015 23:08:00 * service_update * EPPS * 015-JAN-2015 23:18:01 * service_update * EPPS * 015-JAN-2015 23:28:01 * service_update * EPPS * 015-JAN-2015 23:38:02 * service_update * EPPS * 015-JAN-2015 23:41:02 * service_update * EPPS * 015-JAN-2015 23:50:26 * ping * 015-JAN-2015 23:51:03 * service_update * EPPS * 0[oracle@DB-Server log]$  tail listener.log.2015011415-JAN-2015 23:18:01 * service_update * EPPS * 015-JAN-2015 23:28:01 * service_update * EPPS * 015-JAN-2015 23:38:02 * service_update * EPPS * 015-JAN-2015 23:41:02 * service_update * EPPS * 015-JAN-2015 23:50:26 * ping * 015-JAN-2015 23:51:03 * service_update * EPPS * 015-JAN-2015 23:57:40 * ping * 015-JAN-2015 23:57:41 * ping * 015-JAN-2015 23:57:42 * ping * 015-JAN-2015 23:57:43 * ping * 0[oracle@DB-Server log]$ more listener.log[oracle@DB-Server log]$ 

规范正确的流程应该这么处理：

Step 1：首先停止监听服务进程（tnslsnr）记录日志。

[oracle@DB-Server log]$ lsnrctl  set log_status off; LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on 16-JAN-2015 00:02:59 Copyright (c) 1991, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved. Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.9.15)(PORT=1521)))LISTENER parameter "log_status" set to OFFThe command completed successfully

Step 2：将监听日志文件（listener.log）复制一份，以listener.log.yyyymmdd格式命名

[oracle@DB-Server log]$ cp listener.log listener.log.20150114

Step 3：将监听日志文件（listener.log）清空。清空文件的方法有很多

3.1 echo “” > filename

3.2 cp /dev/null 或 echo /dev/null > filename

Step 4：开启监听服务进程（tnslsnr）记录日志

[oracle@DB-Server log]$ lsnrctl set log_status on;

当然也可以移走监听日志文件（listener.log），数据库实例会自动创建一个listener.log文件。

% lsnrctl set log_status off % mv listener.log listener.yyyymmdd % lsnrctl set log_status on 

当然这些操作应该通过shell脚本来处理，然后结合crontab作业定期清理、截断监听日志文件。例如网上的一个清理、截断监听日志文件的shell脚本。

rq=` date +"%d" `cp $ORACLE_HOME/network/log/listener.log $ORACLE_BACKUP/network/log/listener_$rq.logsu - oracle -c "lsnrctl set log_status off"cp /dev/null $ORACLE_HOME/network/log/listener.logsu - oracle -c "lsnrctl set log_status on"

这样的脚本还没有解决一个问题，就是截断的监听日志文件保留多久的问题。比如我只想保留这些截断的监听日志一个月时间，我希望作业自动维护。不需要我去手工操作。有这样一个脚本cls_oracle.sh可以完全做到这个，当然它还会归档、清理其它日志文件，例如告警文件（alert_sid.log）等等。功能非常强大。

 #!/bin/bash## Script used to cleanup any Oracle environment.## Cleans:      audit_log_dest#              background_dump_dest#              core_dump_dest#              user_dump_dest## Rotates:     Alert Logs#              Listener Logs## Scheduling:  00 00 * * * /home/oracle/_cron/cls_oracle/cls_oracle.sh -d 31 > /home/oracle/_cron/cls_oracle/cls_oracle.log 2>&1## Created By:  Tommy Wang  2012-09-10## History: # RM="rm -f"RMDIR="rm -rf"LS="ls -l"MV="mv"TOUCH="touch"TESTTOUCH="echo touch"TESTMV="echo mv"TESTRM=$LSTESTRMDIR=$LS SUCCESS=0FAILURE=1TEST=0HOSTNAME=`hostname`ORAENV="oraenv"TODAY=`date +%Y%m%d`ORIGPATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATHORIGLD=$LD_LIBRARY_PATHexport PATH=$ORIGPATH # Usage function.f_usage(){  echo "Usage: `basename $0` -d DAYS [-a DAYS] [-b DAYS] [-c DAYS] [-n DAYS] [-r DAYS] [-u DAYS] [-t] [-h]"  echo "       -d = Mandatory default number of days to keep log files that are not explicitly passed as parameters."  echo "       -a = Optional number of days to keep audit logs."  echo "       -b = Optional number of days to keep background dumps."  echo "       -c = Optional number of days to keep core dumps."  echo "       -n = Optional number of days to keep network log files."  echo "       -r = Optional number of days to keep clusterware log files."  echo "       -u = Optional number of days to keep user dumps."  echo "       -h = Optional help mode."  echo "       -t = Optional test mode. Does not delete any files."} if [ $# -lt 1 ]; then  f_usage  exit $FAILUREfi # Function used to check the validity of days.f_checkdays(){  if [ $1 -lt 1 ]; then    echo "ERROR: Number of days is invalid."    exit $FAILURE  fi  if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then    echo "ERROR: Number of days is invalid."    exit $FAILURE  fi}  # Function used to cut log files.f_cutlog(){   # Set name of log file.  LOG_FILE=$1  CUT_FILE=${LOG_FILE}.${TODAY}  FILESIZE=`ls -l $LOG_FILE | awk '{print $5}'`   # Cut the log file if it has not been cut today.  if [ -f $CUT_FILE ]; then    echo "Log Already Cut Today: $CUT_FILE"  elif [ ! -f $LOG_FILE ]; then    echo "Log File Does Not Exist: $LOG_FILE"  elif [ $FILESIZE -eq 0 ]; then    echo "Log File Has Zero Size: $LOG_FILE"  else    # Cut file.    echo "Cutting Log File: $LOG_FILE"    $MV $LOG_FILE $CUT_FILE    $TOUCH $LOG_FILE  fi} # Function used to delete log files.f_deletelog(){   # Set name of log file.  CLEAN_LOG=$1   # Set time limit and confirm it is valid.  CLEAN_DAYS=$2  f_checkdays $CLEAN_DAYS    # Delete old log files if they exist.  find $CLEAN_LOG.[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9] -type f -mtime +$CLEAN_DAYS -exec $RM {} \; 2>/dev/null}  # Function used to get database parameter values.f_getparameter(){  if [ -z "$1" ]; then    return  fi  PARAMETER=$1  sqlplus -s /nolog <<EOF | awk -F= "/^a=/ {print \$2}"set head off pagesize 0 feedback off linesize 200whenever sqlerror exit 1conn / as sysdbaselect 'a='||value from v\$parameter where name = '$PARAMETER';EOF} # Function to get unique list of directories.f_getuniq(){   if [ -z "$1" ]; then    return  fi   ARRCNT=0  MATCH=N  x=0   for e in `echo $1`; do    if [ ${#ARRAY[*]} -gt 0 ]; then       # See if the array element is a duplicate.      while [ $x -lt  ${#ARRAY[*]} ]; do        if [ "$e" = "${ARRAY[$x]}" ]; then          MATCH=Y        fi      done    fi    if [ "$MATCH" = "N" ]; then      ARRAY[$ARRCNT]=$e      ARRCNT=`expr $ARRCNT+1`    fi    x=`expr $x + 1`  done  echo ${ARRAY[*]}} # Parse the command line options.while getopts a:b:c:d:n:r:u:th OPT; do  case $OPT in    a) ADAYS=$OPTARG       ;;    b) BDAYS=$OPTARG       ;;    c) CDAYS=$OPTARG       ;;    d) DDAYS=$OPTARG       ;;    n) NDAYS=$OPTARG       ;;    r) RDAYS=$OPTARG       ;;    u) UDAYS=$OPTARG       ;;    t) TEST=1       ;;    h) f_usage       exit 0       ;;    *) f_usage       exit 2       ;;  esacdoneshift $(($OPTIND - 1)) # Ensure the default number of days is passed.if [ -z "$DDAYS" ]; then  echo "ERROR: The default days parameter is mandatory."  f_usage  exit $FAILUREfif_checkdays $DDAYS echo "`basename $0` Started `date`." # Use test mode if specified.if [ $TEST -eq 1 ]then  RM=$TESTRM  RMDIR=$TESTRMDIR  MV=$TESTMV  TOUCH=$TESTTOUCH  echo "Running in TEST mode."fi # Set the number of days to the default if not explicitly set.ADAYS=${ADAYS:-$DDAYS}; echo "Keeping audit logs for $ADAYS days."; f_checkdays $ADAYSBDAYS=${BDAYS:-$DDAYS}; echo "Keeping background logs for $BDAYS days."; f_checkdays $BDAYSCDAYS=${CDAYS:-$DDAYS}; echo "Keeping core dumps for $CDAYS days."; f_checkdays $CDAYSNDAYS=${NDAYS:-$DDAYS}; echo "Keeping network logs for $NDAYS days."; f_checkdays $NDAYSRDAYS=${RDAYS:-$DDAYS}; echo "Keeping clusterware logs for $RDAYS days."; f_checkdays $RDAYSUDAYS=${UDAYS:-$DDAYS}; echo "Keeping user logs for $UDAYS days."; f_checkdays $UDAYS # Check for the oratab file.if [ -f /var/opt/oracle/oratab ]; then  ORATAB=/var/opt/oracle/oratabelif [ -f /etc/oratab ]; then  ORATAB=/etc/oratabelse  echo "ERROR: Could not find oratab file."  exit $FAILUREfi # Build list of distinct Oracle Home directories.OH=`egrep -i ":Y|:N" $ORATAB | grep -v "^#" | grep -v "\*" | cut -d":" -f2 | sort | uniq` # Exit if there are not Oracle Home directories.if [ -z "$OH" ]; then  echo "No Oracle Home directories to clean."  exit $SUCCESSfi # Get the list of running databases.SIDS=`ps -e -o args | grep pmon | grep -v grep | awk -F_ '{print $3}' | sort` # Gather information for each running database.for ORACLE_SID in `echo $SIDS`do   # Set the Oracle environment.  ORAENV_ASK=NO  export ORACLE_SID  . $ORAENV   if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then    echo "Could not set Oracle environment for $ORACLE_SID."  else    export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORIGLD     ORAENV_ASK=YES     echo "ORACLE_SID: $ORACLE_SID"     # Get the audit_dump_dest.    ADUMPDEST=`f_getparameter audit_dump_dest`    if [ ! -z "$ADUMPDEST" ] && [ -d "$ADUMPDEST" 2>/dev/null ]; then      echo "  Audit Dump Dest: $ADUMPDEST"      ADUMPDIRS="$ADUMPDIRS $ADUMPDEST"    fi     # Get the background_dump_dest.    BDUMPDEST=`f_getparameter background_dump_dest`    echo "  Background Dump Dest: $BDUMPDEST"    if [ ! -z "$BDUMPDEST" ] && [ -d "$BDUMPDEST" ]; then      BDUMPDIRS="$BDUMPDIRS $BDUMPDEST"    fi     # Get the core_dump_dest.    CDUMPDEST=`f_getparameter core_dump_dest`    echo "  Core Dump Dest: $CDUMPDEST"    if [ ! -z "$CDUMPDEST" ] && [ -d "$CDUMPDEST" ]; then      CDUMPDIRS="$CDUMPDIRS $CDUMPDEST"    fi     # Get the user_dump_dest.    UDUMPDEST=`f_getparameter user_dump_dest`    echo "  User Dump Dest: $UDUMPDEST"    if [ ! -z "$UDUMPDEST" ] && [ -d "$UDUMPDEST" ]; then      UDUMPDIRS="$UDUMPDIRS $UDUMPDEST"    fi  fidone # Do cleanup for each Oracle Home.for ORAHOME in `f_getuniq "$OH"`do   # Get the standard audit directory if present.  if [ -d $ORAHOME/rdbms/audit ]; then     ADUMPDIRS="$ADUMPDIRS $ORAHOME/rdbms/audit"  fi   # Get the Cluster Ready Services Daemon (crsd) log directory if present.  if [ -d $ORAHOME/log/$HOSTNAME/crsd ]; then    CRSLOGDIRS="$CRSLOGDIRS $ORAHOME/log/$HOSTNAME/crsd"  fi   # Get the  Oracle Cluster Registry (OCR) log directory if present.  if [ -d $ORAHOME/log/$HOSTNAME/client ]; then    OCRLOGDIRS="$OCRLOGDIRS $ORAHOME/log/$HOSTNAME/client"  fi   # Get the Cluster Synchronization Services (CSS) log directory if present.  if [ -d $ORAHOME/log/$HOSTNAME/cssd ]; then    CSSLOGDIRS="$CSSLOGDIRS $ORAHOME/log/$HOSTNAME/cssd"  fi   # Get the Event Manager (EVM) log directory if present.  if [ -d $ORAHOME/log/$HOSTNAME/evmd ]; then    EVMLOGDIRS="$EVMLOGDIRS $ORAHOME/log/$HOSTNAME/evmd"  fi   # Get the RACG log directory if present.  if [ -d $ORAHOME/log/$HOSTNAME/racg ]; then    RACGLOGDIRS="$RACGLOGDIRS $ORAHOME/log/$HOSTNAME/racg"  fi done # Clean the audit_dump_dest directories.if [ ! -z "$ADUMPDIRS" ]; then  for DIR in `f_getuniq "$ADUMPDIRS"`; do    if [ -d $DIR ]; then      echo "Cleaning Audit Dump Directory: $DIR"      find $DIR -type f -name "*.aud" -mtime +$ADAYS -exec $RM {} \; 2>/dev/null    fi  donefi # Clean the background_dump_dest directories.if [ ! -z "$BDUMPDIRS" ]; then  for DIR in `f_getuniq "$BDUMPDIRS"`; do    if [ -d $DIR ]; then      echo "Cleaning Background Dump Destination Directory: $DIR"      # Clean up old trace files.      find $DIR -type f -name "*.tr[c,m]" -mtime +$BDAYS -exec $RM {} \; 2>/dev/null      find $DIR -type d -name "cdmp*" -mtime +$BDAYS -exec $RMDIR {} \; 2>/dev/null    fi      if [ -d $DIR ]; then      # Cut the alert log and clean old ones.      for f in `find $DIR -type f -name "alert\_*.log" ! -name "alert_[0-9A-Z]*.[0-9]*.log" 2>/dev/null`; do        echo "Alert Log: $f"        f_cutlog $f        f_deletelog $f $BDAYS      done    fi  donefi # Clean the core_dump_dest directories.if [ ! -z "$CDUMPDIRS" ]; then  for DIR in `f_getuniq "$CDUMPDIRS"`; do    if [ -d $DIR ]; then      echo "Cleaning Core Dump Destination: $DIR"      find $DIR -type d -name "core*" -mtime +$CDAYS -exec $RMDIR {} \; 2>/dev/null    fi  donefi # Clean the user_dump_dest directories.if [ ! -z "$UDUMPDIRS" ]; then  for DIR in `f_getuniq "$UDUMPDIRS"`; do    if [ -d $DIR ]; then      echo "Cleaning User Dump Destination: $DIR"      find $DIR -type f -name "*.trc" -mtime +$UDAYS -exec $RM {} \; 2>/dev/null    fi  donefi # Cluster Ready Services Daemon (crsd) Log Filesfor DIR in `f_getuniq "$CRSLOGDIRS $OCRLOGDIRS $CSSLOGDIRS $EVMLOGDIRS $RACGLOGDIRS"`; do  if [ -d $DIR ]; then    echo "Cleaning Clusterware Directory: $DIR"    find $DIR -type f -name "*.log" -mtime +$RDAYS -exec $RM {} \; 2>/dev/null  fidone # Clean Listener Log Files.# Get the list of running listeners. It is assumed that if the listener is not running, the log file does not need to be cut.ps -e -o args | grep tnslsnr | grep -v grep | while read LSNR; do   # Derive the lsnrctl path from the tnslsnr process path.  TNSLSNR=`echo $LSNR | awk '{print $1}'`  ORACLE_PATH=`dirname $TNSLSNR`  ORACLE_HOME=`dirname $ORACLE_PATH`  PATH=$ORACLE_PATH:$ORIGPATH  LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$ORIGLD  LSNRCTL=$ORACLE_PATH/lsnrctl  echo "Listener Control Command: $LSNRCTL"    # Derive the listener name from the running process.  LSNRNAME=`echo $LSNR | awk '{print $2}' | tr "[:upper:]" "[:lower:]"`  echo "Listener Name: $LSNRNAME"    # Get the listener version.  LSNRVER=`$LSNRCTL version | grep "LSNRCTL" | grep "Version" | awk '{print $5}' | awk -F. '{print $1}'`  echo "Listener Version: $LSNRVER"   # Get the TNS_ADMIN variable.  echo "Initial TNS_ADMIN: $TNS_ADMIN"  unset TNS_ADMIN  TNS_ADMIN=`$LSNRCTL status $LSNRNAME | grep "Listener Parameter File" | awk '{print $4}'`  if [ ! -z $TNS_ADMIN ]; then    export TNS_ADMIN=`dirname $TNS_ADMIN`  else    export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin  fi  echo "Network Admin Directory: $TNS_ADMIN"   # If the listener is 11g, get the diagnostic dest, etc...  if [ $LSNRVER -ge 11 ]; then        # Get the listener log file directory.     LSNRDIAG=`$LSNRCTL<<EOF | grep log_directory | awk '{print $6}'set current_listener $LSNRNAMEshow log_directoryEOF`    echo "Listener Diagnostic Directory: $LSNRDIAG"     # Get the listener trace file name.    LSNRLOG=`lsnrctl<<EOF | grep trc_directory | awk '{print $6"/"$1".log"}'set current_listener $LSNRNAMEshow trc_directoryEOF`    echo "Listener Log File: $LSNRLOG"   # If 10g or lower, do not use diagnostic dest.  else    # Get the listener log file location.    LSNRLOG=`$LSNRCTL status $LSNRNAME | grep "Listener Log File" | awk '{print $4}'`  fi    # See if the listener is logging.  if [ -z "$LSNRLOG" ]; then    echo "Listener Logging is OFF. Not rotating the listener log."  # See if the listener log exists.  elif  [ ! -r "$LSNRLOG" ]; then    echo "Listener Log Does Not Exist: $LSNRLOG"  # See if the listener log has been cut today.  elif [ -f $LSNRLOG.$TODAY ]; then    echo "Listener Log Already Cut Today: $LSNRLOG.$TODAY"  # Cut the listener log if the previous two conditions were not met.  else     # Remove old 11g+ listener log XML files.    if [ ! -z "$LSNRDIAG" ] && [ -d "$LSNRDIAG" ]; then      echo "Cleaning Listener Diagnostic Dest: $LSNRDIAG"      find $LSNRDIAG -type f -name "log\_[0-9]*.xml" -mtime +$NDAYS -exec $RM {} \; 2>/dev/null    fi        # Disable logging.    $LSNRCTL <<EOFset current_listener $LSNRNAMEset log_status offEOF     # Cut the listener log file.    f_cutlog $LSNRLOG     # Enable logging.    $LSNRCTL <<EOFset current_listener $LSNRNAMEset log_status onEOF     # Delete old listener logs.    f_deletelog $LSNRLOG $NDAYS   fidone echo "`basename $0` Finished `date`." exit

在crontab中设置一个作业，每天晚上凌晨零点运行这个脚本，日志文件保留31天。

00 00 * * * /home/oracle/_cron/cls_oracle/cls_oracle.sh -d 31 > /home/oracle/_cron/cls_oracle/cls_oracle.sh.log 2>&1

如下所示，非常自动化的维护、清理了监听日志文件（listener.log）,又能保留一段时间以便查找、跟踪问题