MySQL Study之--MySQL压力测试工具mysqlslap
一、Mysqlslap介绍
mysqlslap是MySQL5.1之后自带的benchmark基准测试工具，类似Apache Bench负载产生工具，生成schema，装载数据，执行benckmark和查询数据，语法简单，灵活，容易使用。该工具可以模拟多个客户端同时并发的向服务器发出查询更新，给出了性能测试数据而且提供了多种引擎的性能比较。mysqlslap为mysql性能优化前后提供了直观的验证依据，笔者建议系统运维人员应该掌握一些常见的压力测试工具，这样才能较为准确的掌握线上系统能够支撑的用户流量上限及其抗压性等问题。 www.2cto.com
二、使用方法介绍
可以使用mysqlslap --help来显示使用方法：
1) --concurrency代表并发数量，多个可以用逗号隔开,例如：concurrency=10,50,100, 并发连接线程数分别是10、50、100个并发。
2) --engines代表要测试的引擎，可以有多个，用分隔符隔开。
3) --iterations代表要运行这些测试多少次。
4) --auto-generate-sql 代表用系统自己生成的SQL脚本来测试。
5）--auto-generate-sql-load-type 代表要测试的是读还是写还是两者混合的（read,write,update,mixed）
6) --number-of-queries 代表总共要运行多少次查询。每个客户端运行的查询数量可以用查询总数/并发数来计算。
7) --debug-info 代表要额外输出CPU以及内存的相关信息。
8) --number-int-cols ：创建测试表的 int 型字段数量
9) --auto-generate-sql-add-autoincrement : 代表对生成的表自动添加auto_increment列，从5.1.18版本开始
10) --number-char-cols 创建测试表的 char 型字段数量。
11) --create-schema 测试的schema，MySQL中schema也就是database。
12) --query 使用自定义脚本执行测试，例如可以调用自定义的一个存储过程或者sql语句来执行测试。
13) --only-print 如果只想打印看看SQL语句是什么，可以用这个选项。
二、案例分析
[[email protected] ~]# mysqlslap -Vmysqlslap Ver 1.0 Distrib 5.1.66, for redhat-linux-gnu (x86_64)
[[email protected] ~]# mysqlslap --helpmysqlslap Ver 1.0 Distrib 5.1.66, for redhat-linux-gnu (x86_64)Copyright (c) 2005, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Run a query multiple times against the server.Usage: mysqlslap [OPTIONS]Default options are read from the following files in the given order:/etc/mysql/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf The following groups are read: mysqlslap clientThe following options may be given as the first argument:--print-defaults Print the program argument list and exit.--no-defaults Don't read default options from any option file.--defaults-file=# Only read default options from the given file #.--defaults-extra-file=# Read this file after the global files are read. -?, --help Display this help and exit. -a, --auto-generate-sql Generate SQL where not supplied by file or command line. --auto-generate-sql-add-autoincrement Add an AUTO_INCREMENT column to auto-generated tables. --auto-generate-sql-execute-number=# Set this number to generate a set number of queries to run. --auto-generate-sql-guid-primary Add GUID based primary keys to auto-generated tables. --auto-generate-sql-load-type=name Specify test load type: mixed, update, write, key, or read; default is mixed. --auto-generate-sql-secondary-indexes=# Number of secondary indexes to add to auto-generated tables. --auto-generate-sql-unique-query-number=# Number of unique queries to generate for automatic tests. --auto-generate-sql-unique-write-number=# Number of unique queries to generate for auto-generate-sql-write-number. --auto-generate-sql-write-number=# Number of row inserts to perform for each thread (default is 100). --commit=# Commit records every X number of statements. -C, --compress Use compression in server/client protocol. -c, --concurrency=name Number of clients to simulate for query to run. --create=name File or string to use create tables. --create-schema=name Schema to run tests in. --csv[=name] Generate CSV output to named file or to stdout if no file is named. -#, --debug[=#] This is a non-debug version. Catch this and exit. --debug-check Check memory and open file usage at exit. -T, --debug-info Print some debug info at exit. -F, --delimiter=name Delimiter to use in SQL statements supplied in file or command line. --detach=# Detach (close and reopen) connections after X number of requests. -e, --engine=name Storage engine to use for creating the table. -h, --host=name Connect to host. -i, --iterations=# Number of times to run the tests. --no-drop Do not drop the schema after the test. -x, --number-char-cols=name Number of VARCHAR columns to create in table if specifying --auto-generate-sql. -y, --number-int-cols=name Number of INT columns to create in table if specifying --auto-generate-sql. --number-of-queries=# Limit each client to this number of queries (this is not exact). --only-print Do not connect to the databases, but instead print out what would have been done. -p, --password[=name] Password to use when connecting to server. If password is not given it's asked from the tty. -P, --port=# Port number to use for connection. --post-query=name Query to run or file containing query to execute after tests have completed. --post-system=name system() string to execute after tests have completed. --pre-query=name Query to run or file containing query to execute before running tests. --pre-system=name system() string to execute before running tests. --protocol=name The protocol to use for connection (tcp, socket, pipe, memory). -q, --query=name Query to run or file containing query to run. -s, --silent Run program in silent mode - no output. -S, --socket=name The socket file to use for connection. --ssl Enable SSL for connection (automatically enabled with other flags).Disable with --skip-ssl. --ssl-ca=name CA file in PEM format (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl). --ssl-capath=name CA directory (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl). --ssl-cert=name X509 cert in PEM format (implies --ssl). --ssl-cipher=name SSL cipher to use (implies --ssl). --ssl-key=name X509 key in PEM format (implies --ssl). --ssl-verify-server-cert Verify server's "Common Name" in its cert against hostname used when connecting. This option is disabled by default. -u, --user=name User for login if not current user. -v, --verbose More verbose output; you can use this multiple times to get even more verbose output. -V, --version Output version information and exit.
案例一：
[[email protected] ~]# mysqlslap -uroot -poracle --concurrency=100 --iterations=1 --auto-generate-sql --auto-generate-sql-load-type=mixed --auto-generate-sql-add-autoincrement --engine=myisam --number-of-queries=10 --debug-info</span></strong>
测试信息：
Benchmark
Running for engine myisam
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 0.473 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.473 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.473 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 100
Average number of queries per client: 0
User time 0.04, System time 0.14
Maximum resident set size 6732, Integral resident set size 0
Non-physical pagefaults 1333, Physical pagefaults 0, Swaps 0
Blocks in 0 out 0, Messages in 0 out 0, Signals 0
Voluntary context switches 2389, Involuntary context switches 48
备注：本次测试以100个并发线程、测试1次，自动生成SQL测试脚本、读、写、更新混合测试、自增长字段、测试引擎为myisam、共运行10次查询，输出cpu资源信息[[email protected] ~]# mysqlslap -uroot -poracle --concurrency=100 --iterations=1 --auto-generate-sql --auto-generate-sql-load-type=mixed --auto-generate-sql-add-autoincrement --engine=myisam --number-of-queries=10 --debug-info</span></strong>
测试信息：
Benchmark
Running for engine myisam
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 0.473 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.473 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.473 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 100
Average number of queries per client: 0
User time 0.04, System time 0.14
Maximum resident set size 6732, Integral resident set size 0
Non-physical pagefaults 1333, Physical pagefaults 0, Swaps 0
Blocks in 0 out 0, Messages in 0 out 0, Signals 0
Voluntary context switches 2389, Involuntary context switches 48
案例二：
[[email protected] ~]# mysqlslap -h127.0.0.1 -P3306 -u root -poracle --concurrency=100 --iterations=1 --create-schema='prod' --query='select * from t1;' --number-of-queries=10 -e innodb --debug-info
测试信息：
Benchmark
Running for engine innodb
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 1.455 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.455 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.455 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 100
Average number of queries per client: 0
User time 0.03, System time 0.12
Maximum resident set size 5420, Integral resident set size 0
Non-physical pagefaults 1273, Physical pagefaults 0, Swaps 0
Blocks in 0 out 0, Messages in 0 out 0, Signals 0
Voluntary context switches 536, Involuntary context switches 151
Benchmark
Running for engine innodb
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 1.455 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.455 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.455 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 100
Average number of queries per client: 0
User time 0.03, System time 0.12
Maximum resident set size 5420, Integral resident set size 0
Non-physical pagefaults 1273, Physical pagefaults 0, Swaps 0
Blocks in 0 out 0, Messages in 0 out 0, Signals 0
Voluntary context switches 536, Involuntary context switches 151
备注：使用mysqlslap指定sql语句进行测试
案例三：
[[email protected] ~]# mysqlslap --concurrency=50,100,200 --iterations=20 --number-int-cols=4 --number-char-cols=35 --auto-generate-sql --auto-generate-sql-add-autoincrement --auto-generate-sql-load-type=read --engine=myisam,innodb --number-of-queries=200 --verbose --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock -uroot -poracle
测试信息：
Benchmark
Running for engine myisam
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 1.521 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.397 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 2.092 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 50
Average number of queries per client: 4
Running for engine myisam
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 1.521 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.397 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 2.092 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 50
Average number of queries per client: 4
Benchmark
Running for engine myisam
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 1.465 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.279 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.996 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 100
Average number of queries per client: 2
Benchmark
Running for engine myisam
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 1.367 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.260 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.576 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 200
Average number of queries per client: 1
Running for engine myisam
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 1.465 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.279 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.996 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 100
Average number of queries per client: 2
Benchmark
Running for engine myisam
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 1.367 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.260 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.576 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 200
Average number of queries per client: 1
Benchmark
Running for engine innodb
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 1.198 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.084 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.301 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 50
Average number of queries per client: 4
Running for engine innodb
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 1.198 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.084 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.301 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 50
Average number of queries per client: 4
Benchmark
Running for engine innodb
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 1.423 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.238 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.761 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 100
Average number of queries per client: 2
Benchmark
Running for engine innodb
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 1.389 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.268 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.653 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 200
Average number of queries per client: 1
备注：Running for engine innodb
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 1.423 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.238 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.761 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 100
Average number of queries per client: 2
Benchmark
Running for engine innodb
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 1.389 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.268 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.653 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 200
Average number of queries per client: 1
#系统脚本测试，增加int型 4列char 型35列，测试2种引擎myisam,innodb读的性能，分别用50，100，200个客户端对服务器进行测试总共200个查询语句 执行20次查询
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