转载自 ---- http://singleant.iteye.com/blog/739476
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1.jinfo
描述:输出给定 java 进程所有的配置信息。包括 java 系统属性和 jvm 命令行标记等。
用法:
jinfo [ option ] pid
jinfo [ option ] executable core
jinfo [ option ] [server-id@]remote-hostname-or-IP
例子:
jinfo pid
得到结果如下:
- JVM?version?is? 14.0 -b16??
- ??
- Java?System?Properties:??
- ??
- java.runtime.name?=?Java(TM)?SE?Runtime?Environment??
- ??
- sun.boot.library.path?=?/work/ProgramFiles/jdk1.6 .0_14/jre/lib/i386??
- ??
- java.vm.version?=?14.0 -b16??
- ??
- java.vm.vendor?=?Sun?Microsystems?Inc.??
- ??
- java.vendor.url?=?http://java.sun.com/ ??
- ??
- path.separator?=?:??
- ??
- java.vm.name?=?Java?HotSpot(TM)?Server?VM??
- ??
- file.encoding.pkg?=?sun.io??
- ??
- sun.java.launcher?=?SUN_STANDARD??
- ??
- user.country?=?CN??
- ??
- sun.os.patch.level?=?unknown??
- ??
- java.vm.specification.name?=?Java?Virtual?Machine?Specification??
- ??
- user.dir?=?/work/RateWorkspace/branches/rate/daemon??
- ??
- java.runtime.version?=?1.6 .0_14-b08??
- ??
- java.awt.graphicsenv?=?sun.awt.X11GraphicsEnvironment??
- ??
- java.endorsed.dirs?=?/work/ProgramFiles/jdk1.6 .0_14/jre/lib/endorsed??
- ??
- os.arch?=?i386??
- ??
- java.io.tmpdir?=?/tmp??
- ??
- line.separator?=???
- ??
- ??
- ??
- java.vm.specification.vendor?=?Sun?Microsystems?Inc.??
- ??
- os.name?=?Linux??
- ??
- sun.jnu.encoding?=?UTF-8 ??
- ??
- java.library.path?=?/work/ProgramFiles/jdk1.6 .0_14/jre/lib/i386/server:/work/ProgramFiles/jdk1. 6 .0_14/jre/lib/i386:/work/ProgramFiles/jdk1. 6 .0_14/jre/../lib/i386:/usr/lib/jvm/java- 6 -openjdk/jre/lib/i386/client:/usr/lib/jvm/java- 6 -openjdk/jre/lib/i386:/usr/lib/xulrunner-addons:/usr/lib/xulrunner-addons:/usr/java/packages/lib/i386:/lib:/usr/lib??
- ??
- java.specification.name?=?Java?Platform?API?Specification??
- ??
- java.class .version?=? 50.0 ??
- ??
- sun.management.compiler?=?HotSpot?Tiered?Compilers??
- ??
- os.version?=?2.6 . 28 - 19 -generic??
- ??
- user.home?=?/home/yblin??
- ??
- user.timezone?=?PRC??
- ??
- java.awt.printerjob?=?sun.print.PSPrinterJob??
- ??
- file.encoding?=?GBK??
- ??
- java.specification.version?=?1.6 ??
- ??
- java.class .path?=???
- ??
- user.name?=?yblin??
- ??
- java.vm.specification.version?=?1.0 ??
- ??
- java.home?=?/work/ProgramFiles/jdk1.6 .0_14/jre??
- ??
- sun.arch.data.model?=?32 ??
- ??
- user.language?=?zh??
- ??
- java.specification.vendor?=?Sun?Microsystems?Inc.??
- ??
- java.vm.info?=?mixed?mode??
- ??
- java.version?=?1.6 .0_14??
- ??
- java.ext.dirs?=?/work/ProgramFiles/jdk1.6 .0_14/jre/lib/ext:/usr/java/packages/lib/ext??
- ??
- sun.boot.class .path?=?/work/ProgramFiles/jdk1. 6 .0_14/jre/lib/resources.jar:/work/ProgramFiles/jdk1. 6 .0_14/jre/lib/rt.jar:/work/ProgramFiles/jdk1. 6 .0_14/jre/lib/sunrsasign.jar:/work/ProgramFiles/jdk1. 6 .0_14/jre/lib/jsse.jar:/work/ProgramFiles/jdk1. 6 .0_14/jre/lib/jce.jar:/work/ProgramFiles/jdk1. 6 .0_14/jre/lib/charsets.jar:/work/ProgramFiles/jdk1. 6 .0_14/jre/classes??
- ??
- java.vendor?=?Sun?Microsystems?Inc.??
- ??
- file.separator?=?/??
- ??
- java.vendor.url.bug?=?http://java.sun.com/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi ??
- ??
- sun.io.unicode.encoding?=?UnicodeLittle??
- ??
- sun.cpu.endian?=?little??
- ??
- sun.desktop?=?gnome??
- ??
- sun.cpu.isalist?=???
- ??
- ??
- VM?Flags:??
- ??
- -agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_socket,suspend=y,address=localhost:55948 ?-ea?-Dfile.encoding=GBK??
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这个命令包含了 JDK 和 JVM 运行起来时的一些属性。
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2.jmap
描述 :输出给定 java 进程所有的内存使用信息。
使用:
??? jmap [ option ] pid
??? jmap [ option ] executable core
??? jmap [ option ] [server-id@]remote-hostname-or-IP
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?
<no option>
没有可选项时,会输出所有共享的对象映射。
开始地址,映射大小,全路径。
直接 jmap pid得到如下结果:
0x08048000???? 46K? /work/ProgramFiles/jdk1.6.0_14/bin/java
0xb6763000???? 74K? /work/ProgramFiles/jdk1.6.0_14/jre/lib/i386/libzip.so
0xb6774000???? 41K? /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnss_files-2.9.so
0xb6780000???? 37K? /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnss_nis-2.9.so
0xb678b000???? 29K? /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnss_compat-2.9.so
目前还说不是很理解这个执行结果是什么意思。经询问同事了解,是加载的文件的信息。
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-heap 选项
jmap -heap pid : 查看堆的配置和大当前各个区块的使用情况,如伊甸区、老年代,永久代。可以用此来判断内存目前的使用情况以及垃圾回收情况:
jmap -heap pid,得到如下结果:
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- <strong>Heap?Configuration:??
- ??
- ???MinHeapFreeRatio?=?40 ??
- ??
- ???MaxHeapFreeRatio?=?70 ??
- ??
- ???MaxHeapSize??????=?859832320 ?( 820 .0MB)??
- ??
- ???NewSize??????????=?1048576 ?( 1 .0MB)??
- ??
- ???MaxNewSize???????=?4294901760 ?( 4095 .9375MB)??
- ??
- ???OldSize??????????=?4194304 ?( 4 .0MB)??
- ??
- ???NewRatio?????????=?8 ??
- ??
- ???SurvivorRatio????=?8 ??
- ??
- ???PermSize?????????=?16777216 ?( 16 .0MB)??
- ??
- ???MaxPermSize??????=?67108864 ?( 64 .0MB)??
- ??
- ??
- Heap?Usage:??
- ??
- PS?Young?Generation??
- ??
- Eden?Space:??
- ??
- ???capacity?=?9043968 ?( 8 .625MB)??
- ??
- ???used?????=?6820384 ?( 6 .504425048828125MB)??
- ??
- ???free?????=?2223584 ?( 2 .120574951171875MB)??
- ??
- ???75.41362375452898 %?used??
- ??
- From?Space:??
- ??
- ???capacity?=?720896 ?( 0 .6875MB)??
- ??
- ???used?????=?704680 ?( 0 .6720352172851562MB)??
- ??
- ???free?????=?16216 ?( 0 .01546478271484375MB)??
- ??
- ???97.7505770596591 %?used??
- ??
- To?Space:??
- ??
- ???capacity?=?720896 ?( 0 .6875MB)??
- ??
- ???used?????=?0 ?( 0 .0MB)??
- ??
- ???free?????=?720896 ?( 0 .6875MB)??
- ??
- ???0.0 %?used??
- ??
- PS?Old?Generation??
- ??
- ???capacity?=?47710208 ?( 45 .5MB)??
- ??
- ???used?????=?589184 ?( 0 .5618896484375MB)??
- ??
- ???free?????=?47121024 ?( 44 .9381103515625MB)??
- ??
- ???1.2349223042582418 %?used??
- ??
- PS?Perm?Generation??
- ??
- ???capacity?=?16777216 ?( 16 .0MB)??
- ??
- ???used?????=?5179648 ?( 4 .939697265625MB)??
- ??
- ???free?????=?11597568 ?( 11 .060302734375MB)??
- ??
- ???30.87310791015625 %?used??
- ??
- </strong>??
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-histo 选项
内存使用的柱状图,包含每个类,对象使用的内存大小。 VM 内部的类名以 * 前缀开头。
- num?????#instances?????????#bytes?? class ?name??
- ??
- ---------------------------------------------??
- ??
- ??1 :????????? 57195 ???????? 5639792 ??[C??
- ??
- ??2 :????????? 34680 ???????? 3991104 ??<constMethodKlass>??
- ??
- ??3 :????????? 34680 ???????? 2779112 ??<methodKlass>??
- ??
- ??4 :????????? 52947 ???????? 2340272 ??<symbolKlass>??
- ??
- ??5 :?????????? 3024 ???????? 1641744 ??<constantPoolKlass>??
- ??
- ??6 :?????????? 5182 ???????? 1618040 ??[B??
- ??
- ??7 :?????????? 3024 ???????? 1290544 ??<instanceKlassKlass>??
- ??
- ??8 :????????? 12134 ???????? 1267696 ??[I??
- ??
- ??9 :????????? 44622 ???????? 1070928 ??java.lang.String??
- ??
- ?10 :?????????? 2565 ????????? 994128 ??<constantPoolCacheKlass>??
- ??
- ?………………??
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-permstat 选项
输出所有类装载器在堆里产生的对象
包括每个装载器的名字,活跃,地址,父装载器,和其总共加载的类大小。
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jmap -permstat pid
得到如下结果:
- class_loader????classes?????bytes????????parent_loader?alive?????????type??
- ??
- ??
- <bootstrap>?????1102 ????????? 4283352 ???? null ?????live???<internal>??
- ??
- 0x80753d50 ????? 1 ??????? 1992 ??????????? null ?????dead?????????sun/reflect/DelegatingClassLoader @0x7c2e6c28 ??
- ??
- 0x8034d9e0 ????? 8 ??????? 32272 ????????? null ?????live???sun/misc/Launcher$ExtClassLoader @0x7c432400 ??
- ??
- 0x8095a4e0 ????? 1 ??????? 1784 ????????? 0x8034d998 ?????dead?????????sun/reflect/DelegatingClassLoader @0x7c2e6c28 ??
- ??
- 0xadc25868 ????? 1 ??????? 1784 ????????? 0x8034d998 ?????dead?????????sun/reflect/DelegatingClassLoader @0x7c2e6c28 ??
- ??
- 0xaebf74c0 ?????? 1 ??????? 1784 ????????? 0x8034d998 ?????dead?????????sun/reflect/DelegatingClassLoader @0x7c2e6c28 ??
- ??
- 0xadc2b5c8 ?????? 1 ??????? 1784 ????????? 0x8034d998 ?????dead?????????sun/reflect/DelegatingClassLoader @0x7c2e6c28 ??
- ??
- 0x808cd448 ????? 1 ??????? 1768 ????????? 0x8034d998 ?????dead?????????sun/reflect/DelegatingClassLoader @0x7c2e6c28 ??
- ??
- 0x80758288 ????? 1 ??????? 1768 ????????? 0x8034d998 ?????dead?????????sun/reflect/DelegatingClassLoader @0x7c2e6c28 ??
- ??
- 0x80959e80 ????? 1 ??????? 1784 ????????? 0x8034d998 ?????dead?????????sun/reflect/DelegatingClassLoader @0x7c2e6c28 ??
- ??
- 0x80756248 ????? 1 ??????? 1768 ????????? 0x8034d998 ?????dead?????????sun/reflect/DelegatingClassLoader @0x7c2e6c28 ??
- ??
- 0x808e6ae8 ????? 1 ??????? 1784 ????????? 0x8034d998 ?????dead?????????sun/reflect/DelegatingClassLoader @0x7c2e6c28 ??
- ??
- ??
- ???
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3.jstack - Stack Trace
为指定的线程输出 java 的线程堆栈信息,包括了进程里的所有线程。每一个线程 frame ,包括类全名,方法名,代码行。
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java.lang.Thread.State : RUNNABLE BLOCKED TIMED_WATTING(sleep 后会进入这种状态 ) (如果是 BLOCKED 状态就要注意了,看看 blocked 的状态在等待什么?因为什么而阻塞?)最常见的情况是线程在等待网络的读写,比如当网络数据没有准备好读时,线程处于这种等待状态,而一旦有数据准备好读之后,线程会重新激活,读取并处理数据。
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在线程中,有一些 JVM 内部的后台线程,来执行譬如垃圾回收,或者低内存的检测等等任务,这些线程往往在 JVM 初始化的时候就存在,如下所示:
"Low Memory Detector" daemon prio=10 tid=0x081465f8 nid=0x7 runnable [0x00000000..0x00000000]
"CompilerThread0" daemon prio=10 tid=0x08143c58 nid=0x6 waiting on condition [0x00000000..0xfb5fd798]
"Signal Dispatcher" daemon prio=10 tid=0x08142f08 nid=0x5 waiting on condition [0x00000000..0x00000000]
"Finalizer" daemon prio=10 tid=0x08137ca0 nid=0x4 in Object.wait() [0xfbeed000..0xfbeeddb8]
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写了个代码, 100 个线程同时往控制台输出,代码如下:
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- public ? class ?MyThread? extends ?Thread?{??
- ??
- ???
- ??
- ????public ?MyThread(String?name){??
- ??
- ????????super (name);??
- ??
- ????}??
- ??
- ???
- ??
- ????@Override ??
- ??
- ????public ? void ?run()?{??
- ??
- ????????super .run();??
- ??
- ????????while ?( true )?{??
- ??
- ????????????try ?{??
- ??
- ????????????????System.out.println("1" );??
- ??
- ????????????}?catch ?(Exception?e)?{??
- ??
- ???
- ??
- ????????????}??
- ??
- ????????}??
- ??
- ???
- ??
- ????}??
- ??
- ???
- ??
- ????public ? static ? void ?main(String[]?args)?{??
- ??
- ????????for ?( int ?i?=? 0 ;?i?<? 100 ;?i++)?{??
- ??
- ????????????MyThread?my?=?new ?MyThread( "thrad" ?+?i);??
- ??
- ????????????my.start();??
- ??
- ????????}??
- ??
- ???
- ??
- ????}??
- ??
- }??
- ??
- ???
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通过 jstack pid, 得到如下部分结果:
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- "thrad76" ?prio= 10 ?tid= 0x096ce400 ?nid= 0x4305 ?waiting? for ?monitor?entry?[ 0x7a280000 ]??
- ???java.lang.Thread.State:?BLOCKED?(on?object?monitor)??
- ????at?java.io.PrintStream.println(PrintStream.java:755 )??
- ????-?waiting?to?lock?<0x805782c0 >?(a?java.io.PrintStream)??
- ????at?org.jtester.service.MyThread.run(MyThread.java:15 )??
- ??
- "thrad75" ?prio= 10 ?tid= 0x096ccc00 ?nid= 0x4304 ?runnable?[ 0x7a2d1000 ]??
- ???java.lang.Thread.State:?RUNNABLE??
- ????at?java.io.PrintStream.write(PrintStream.java:428 )??
- ????-?locked?<0x805782c0 >?(a?java.io.PrintStream)??
- ????at?sun.nio.cs.StreamEncoder.writeBytes(StreamEncoder.java:202 )??
- ????at?sun.nio.cs.StreamEncoder.implFlushBuffer(StreamEncoder.java:272 )??
- ????at?sun.nio.cs.StreamEncoder.flushBuffer(StreamEncoder.java:85 )??
- ????-?locked?<0x805783c8 >?(a?java.io.OutputStreamWriter)??
- ????at?java.io.OutputStreamWriter.flushBuffer(OutputStreamWriter.java:168 )??
- ????at?java.io.PrintStream.write(PrintStream.java:477 )??
- ????-?locked?<0x805782c0 >?(a?java.io.PrintStream)??
- ????at?java.io.PrintStream.print(PrintStream.java:619 )??
- ????at?java.io.PrintStream.println(PrintStream.java:756 )??
- ????-?locked?<0x805782c0 >?(a?java.io.PrintStream)??
- ????at?org.jtester.service.MyThread.run(MyThread.java:15 )??
- ??
- "thrad74" ?prio= 10 ?tid= 0x096cb000 ?nid= 0x4303 ?waiting? for ?monitor?entry?[ 0x7a322000 ]??
- ???java.lang.Thread.State:?BLOCKED?(on?object?monitor)??
- ????at?java.io.PrintStream.println(PrintStream.java:755 )??
- ????-?waiting?to?lock?<0x805782c0 >?(a?java.io.PrintStream)??
- ????at?org.jtester.service.MyThread.run(MyThread.java:15 )??
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可以看到只有线程 thrad75 是 RUNNABLE 状态的,其他的都是 BLOCKED 状态。因为其他的线程在竞争控制台输出的时候都被阻塞了。