客户端使用javascript解析满足json格式要求的字符串,十分容易,只要使用eval函数就可以了。不过有个技巧,就是要在字符串两端加上括号。
也即以这个方式来使用:var obj = eval("("+json_string+")");
举个例子:
var str = "{‘name’:'wallimn’,'email’:wallimn@sohu.com,’blog’:'http://blog.csdn.net/wallimn’}"; var json = eval("("+str+")"); alert(json.name);//这样就可以取到对应的值了。
那么在服务器端,如何方便快捷的生成JSON格式要求的字符串呢。好象有现成的jar包工具可供使用(JSON-lib是个较有名的开源项目,但具有很多用不到的复杂功能,执行还要依赖于几个jar包,过于庞大)。但实际上这个工作是非常简单的。我自己写了一个简单的工具类,支持多种数据类型(简单类型、BEAN对象、List、Map以及数组),支持JSON嵌套。很简单,相信大家一看就知道了。
package com.json.util; import java.lang.reflect.Array; import java.lang.reflect.Field; import java.lang.reflect.Method; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Set; import java.util.Map.Entry; /** * 用来输出JSON字符串,交给Javascript在页面上进行处理。支持JSON对象的嵌套,支持数组 */ public class JsonUtil { private Map<String, Object> jsonMap = new HashMap<String, Object>(); private static SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat( "yyyy-MM-dd"); public void clear() { jsonMap.clear(); } /** * @param key * @param value * 支持简单类型(即原生类型的包装器类)、bean对象、List<Object>、Map<String,Object>以及数组 * @return */ public Map<String, Object> put(String key, Object value) { jsonMap.put(key, value); return jsonMap; } // 判断是否要加引号 private static boolean isNoQuote(Object value) { return (value instanceof Integer || value instanceof Boolean || value instanceof Double || value instanceof Float || value instanceof Short || value instanceof Long || value instanceof Byte); } private static boolean isQuote(Object value) { return (value instanceof String || value instanceof Character); } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") @Override /* * 返回形如{‘apple’:'red’,'lemon’:'yellow’}的字符串 */ public String toString() { StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); sb.append("{"); Set<Entry<String, Object>> set = jsonMap.entrySet(); for (Entry<String, Object> entry : set) { Object value = entry.getValue(); if (value == null) { continue;// 对于null值,不进行处理,页面上的js取不到值时也是null } sb.append("’").append(entry.getKey()).append("’:"); if (value instanceof JsonUtil) { sb.append(value.toString()); } else if (isNoQuote(value)) { sb.append(value); } else if (value instanceof Date) { sb.append("’").append(formatter.format(value)).append("’"); } else if (isQuote(value)) { sb.append("’").append(value).append("’"); } else if (value.getClass().isArray()) { sb.append(ArrayToStr((int[]) value)); } else if (value instanceof Map) { sb.append(fromObject((Map<String, Object>) value).toString()); } else if (value instanceof List) { sb.append(ListToStr((List<Object>) value)); } else { sb.append(fromObject(value).toString()); } sb.append(","); } int len = sb.length(); if (len > 1) { sb.delete(len - 1, len); } sb.append("}"); return sb.toString(); } public static String ArrayToStr(Object array) { if (!array.getClass().isArray()) return "[]"; StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); sb.append("["); int len = Array.getLength(array); Object v = null; for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) { v = Array.get(array, i); if (v instanceof Date) { sb.append("'").append(formatter.format(v)).append("'").append( ","); } else if (isQuote(v)) { sb.append("'").append(v).append("'").append(","); } else if (isNoQuote(v)) { sb.append(i).append(","); } else { sb.append(fromObject(v)).append(","); } } len = sb.length(); if (len > 1) sb.delete(len - 1, len); sb.append("]"); return sb.toString(); } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public static String ListToStr(List<Object> list) { if (list == null) return null; StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); sb.append("["); Object value = null; for (java.util.Iterator<Object> it = list.iterator(); it.hasNext();) { value = it.next(); if (value instanceof Map) { sb.append(fromObject((Map) value).toString()).append(","); } else if (isNoQuote(value)) { sb.append(value).append(","); } else if (isQuote(value)) { sb.append("'").append(value).append("'").append(","); } else { sb.append(fromObject(value).toString()).append(","); } } int len = sb.length(); if (len > 1) sb.delete(len - 1, len); sb.append("]"); return sb.toString(); } /** * 从一个bean装载数据,返回一个JsonUtil对象。 * * @param object * @return */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public static JsonUtil fromObject(Object bean) { JsonUtil json = new JsonUtil(); if (bean == null) return json; Class cls = bean.getClass(); Field[] fs = cls.getDeclaredFields(); Object value = null; String fieldName = null; Method method = null; int len = fs.length; for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) { fieldName = fs[i].getName(); try { method = cls.getMethod(getGetter(fieldName), (Class[]) null); value = method.invoke(bean, (Object[]) null); } catch (Exception e) { // System.out.println(method.getName()); // e.printStackTrace(); continue; } json.put(fieldName, value); } return json; } /** * 从Map中装载数据 * @param map * @return */ public static JsonUtil fromObject(Map<String, Object> map) { JsonUtil json = new JsonUtil(); if (map == null) return json; json.getMap().putAll(map); return json; } private static String getGetter(String property) { return "get" + property.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() + property.substring(1, property.length()); } public Map<String, Object> getMap() { return this.jsonMap; } } 至于类的使用,非常简单了,示例如下: Java代码 JsonUtil util = new JsonUtil(); util.put("name", "wallimn"); util.put("blog", "http://blog.csdn.net/wallimn"); util.put("ttt", true); util.put("dd", 1.3d); util.put("ff", 1.3f); util.put("date", new java.util.Date()); int []a = new int[]{2,3,4,5}; util.put("arr", a); Map<String,Object> map1 = new HashMap<String,Object>(); map1.put("name", "wallimn"); map1.put("age", 2); Map<String,Object> map2 = new HashMap<String,Object>(); map2.put("name", "wal2limn"); map2.put("age", 22); util.put("map1", map1); util.put("map2", map2); List<Map<String,Object>> list = new LinkedList<Map<String,Object>>(); list.add(map1); list.add(map2); util.put("listMap", list); TestBean t = new TestBean("wallimn","男"); util.put("beanObject", t); List<Integer> li = new LinkedList<Integer>(); li.add(1); li.add(1); li.add(1); util.put("listInteger", li); //System.out.println(JsonUtil.fromObject(map1)); System.out.println(util); {'dd':1.3, 'ttt':true, 'map1': {'age':2,'name':'wallimn'}, 'ff':1.3, 'map2': {'age':22,'name':'wal2limn'}, 'arr':[0,1,2,3], 'listMap': [{'age':2,'name':'wallimn'}, {'age':22,'name':'wal2limn'}], 'date':'2009-02-05′, 'listInteger': [1,1,1], 'name':'wallimn', 'beanObject':{'sex':'男 ','name':'wallimn'}, 'blog':'http://blog.csdn.net/wallimn' }