http://img.bbs.csdn.net/upload/201404/22/1398133565_611244.jpg
一共21个洞,20颗棋子(1-20编号)每个棋子跳过另一个棋子进入洞中,就可把另一个棋子拿走。
比如棋子3跳过棋子1进入东中,棋子1被拿走,每一步的规则都是必须跳过一个棋子一走,而且必须
跳进洞中。最后的目标是跳刀只剩一粒棋子。
求遍历出所有可行的跳法。
------解决方案--------------------
我算出来有400多亿种走法(43419942138)。
有2个优化方法:
1、可以先把棋盘的状态(有多少棋子,和这些棋子的坐标)缓存起来。下次如果状态一样,就直接从缓存取
2、如果某个时刻棋盘上的棋子是左右对称的,那么也可以跳过一半的计算
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
public class Main {
private int width, height;
private int[][] array;
private Point[] point;
private int[][] result;
private Map<Key, Long> cache = new HashMap<Key, Long>();
/* 跳的方向
* 6 1
* 5 0 2
* 4 3
*/
private int[][] direction = {{1, -1}, {2, 0}, {1, 1}, {-1, 1}, {-2, 0}, {-1, -1}};
private static class Point {
public int x, y, value;
public Point(int x, int y, int value) {
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
this.value = value;
}
}
private static class Key {
public int[][] point;
@Override
public int hashCode() {
int hash = 5;
hash = 23 * hash + Arrays.deepHashCode(this.point);
return hash;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (obj == null) {
return false;
}
if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) {
return false;
}
final Key other = (Key) obj;
if (!Arrays.deepEquals(this.point, other.point)) {
return false;
}
return true;
}
}
public Main(int n) {
int maxValue = (1 + n) * n / 2 - 1;
width = n * 2 - 1;
height = n;
array = new int[height][width];
point = new Point[maxValue];
result = new int[maxValue][2];
int k = 0;
for (int y = 0; y < n; y++) {
Arrays.fill(array[y], -1);
int s = n - y - 1;
for (int i = 0; i <= 2 * y; i++) {
if (i % 2 != 0) {
array[y][s + i] = 0;
continue;
}
if (k == 0) {
array[y][s + i] = 0;
} else {
array[y][s + i] = k;
point[k - 1] = new Point(s + i, y, k);
}
k++;
}
}
printArray();
}
private void printArray() {
for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
for (int i = 0; i < array[y].length; i++) {
System.out.format("%2d ", array[y][i]);
}
System.out.println();
}
}
public long g() {
return g(point.length);
}
/**
* 此时棋盘的形态(依次记录有棋子的格子的坐标)
* @param n
* @return
*/
private Key buildKey(int n) {
Key key = new Key();
key.point = new int[n][2];
int k = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < array[i].length; j++) {
if (array[i][j] > 0) {
key.point[k++] = new int[]{i, j};
}
}
}
return key;
}
private long g(int n) {
if (n == 1) {
for (int i = result.length; i > 1; i--) {
System.out.format("%2d->%2d ", result[i - 1][0], result[i - 1][1]);
}
System.out.println("");
return 1;
}
/* 不使用缓存 */
// if (1 > 0) {
// return g2(n);
// }
Key key = buildKey(n);
Long total = cache.get(key);
if (total != null) {
//System.out.println("hit:" + total);
return total;
}
long s = g2(n);
cache.put(key, s);
return s;
}
/**
* 此时,棋盘是否对称
* @return
*/
private boolean isSymmetrical() {
int center = width / 2;
for (int y = 0; y < array.length; y++) {
for (int i = 1; i <= y; i++) {
int k = 0;
k += (array[y][center + i] == 0 ? 0 : 1);