Windows 驱动开发 - 4

上篇《Windows 驱动开发 - 3》我们使用了PnP，现在还差WMI。

WMI：Windows Management Interface

WMI 提供预装的类架构，允许使用脚本语言(VBS)、C#、VB .NET 或 C++ 编写的脚本或应用程序监视和配置计算机中的应用程序、系统或网络组件以及硬件。

一、WMI

虽然WDF帮你完成很多工作，但是你还必须自己触发事件和实例化回调函数。

在WDM中使用 wmilib.sys 静态注册很容易，但难以动态注册。

但是在WDF中这些很容易实现。

1. IRP_MJ_SYSTEM_CONTROL

WDF完全掌控IRP_MJ_SYSTEM_CONTROL。

IRP_MJ_SYSTEM_CONTROL：系统内部产生的控制信息，类似于内核调用DeviceControl函数

注意：使用DeviceControl系统最低要求为xp。

BOOL WINAPI DeviceIoControl(  _In_        HANDLE       hDevice,  _In_        DWORD        dwIoControlCode,  _In_opt_    LPVOID       lpInBuffer,  _In_        DWORD        nInBufferSize,  _Out_opt_   LPVOID       lpOutBuffer,  _In_        DWORD        nOutBufferSize,  _Out_opt_   LPDWORD      lpBytesReturned,  _Inout_opt_ LPOVERLAPPED lpOverlapped);

2. 模式

(1) 实例化已用设备

(2) 当需要的时候触发事件

(3) 统计报告

(4) 更新状态

(5) 注销后删除设备（正常或意外删除)

3. ETW / 跟踪

支持内核模式 ETW / 跟踪

二、WDF和WMI

wdf使用WdfDeviceCreateDeviceInterface为WMI提供接口。

NTSTATUS WdfDeviceCreateDeviceInterface(  [in]                 WDFDEVICE        Device,  [in]           const GUID             *InterfaceClassGUID,  [in, optional]       PCUNICODE_STRING ReferenceString);

其中GUID，请参见“Using GUIDs in Drivers”

GUID声明(需要使用头文件initguid.h)：

DEFINE_GUID(GUID_DEVINTERFACE_OSRUSBFX2, // Generated using guidgen.exe   0x573e8c73, 0xcb4, 0x4471, 0xa1, 0xbf, 0xfa, 0xb2, 0x6c, 0x31, 0xd3, 0x84);// {573E8C73-0CB4-4471-A1BF-FAB26C31D384}

源代码step2.c

/*++Step2: This steps shows:       1) How to create a context with the WDFDEVICE object       2) How to initialize the USB device.       3) How to register an interface so that app can open           an handle to the device.--*/#include "ntddk.h"#include "wdf.h"#include "prototypes.h"#pragma warning(disable:4200)  // suppress nameless struct/union warning#pragma warning(disable:4201)  // suppress nameless struct/union warning#pragma warning(disable:4214)  // suppress bit field types other than int warning#include "usbdi.h"#pragma warning(default:4200)#pragma warning(default:4201)#pragma warning(default:4214)#include "wdfusb.h"#include "initguid.h"DEFINE_GUID(GUID_DEVINTERFACE_OSRUSBFX2, // Generated using guidgen.exe   0x573e8c73, 0xcb4, 0x4471, 0xa1, 0xbf, 0xfa, 0xb2, 0x6c, 0x31, 0xd3, 0x84);// {573E8C73-0CB4-4471-A1BF-FAB26C31D384}typedef struct _DEVICE_CONTEXT {  WDFUSBDEVICE      UsbDevice;  WDFUSBINTERFACE   UsbInterface;} DEVICE_CONTEXT, *PDEVICE_CONTEXT;WDF_DECLARE_CONTEXT_TYPE_WITH_NAME(DEVICE_CONTEXT, GetDeviceContext)NTSTATUSDriverEntry(    IN PDRIVER_OBJECT  DriverObject,    IN PUNICODE_STRING RegistryPath    ){    WDF_DRIVER_CONFIG       config;    NTSTATUS                status;    KdPrint(("DriverEntry of Step2\n"));    WDF_DRIVER_CONFIG_INIT(&config, EvtDeviceAdd);    status = WdfDriverCreate(DriverObject,                        RegistryPath,                        WDF_NO_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES,                         &config,                             WDF_NO_HANDLE                         );    if (!NT_SUCCESS(status)) {        KdPrint(("WdfDriverCreate failed 0x%x\n", status));    }    return status;}NTSTATUSEvtDeviceAdd(    IN WDFDRIVER        Driver,    IN PWDFDEVICE_INIT  DeviceInit    ){    WDF_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES               attributes;    NTSTATUS                            status;    WDFDEVICE                           device;    PDEVICE_CONTEXT                     pDevContext;    WDF_PNPPOWER_EVENT_CALLBACKS        pnpPowerCallbacks;        UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(Driver);    WDF_PNPPOWER_EVENT_CALLBACKS_INIT(&pnpPowerCallbacks);    pnpPowerCallbacks.EvtDevicePrepareHardware = EvtDevicePrepareHardware;    WdfDeviceInitSetPnpPowerEventCallbacks(DeviceInit, &pnpPowerCallbacks);    WDF_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES_INIT_CONTEXT_TYPE(&attributes, DEVICE_CONTEXT);    status = WdfDeviceCreate(&DeviceInit, &attributes, &device);    if (!NT_SUCCESS(status)) {        KdPrint(("WdfDeviceCreate failed 0x%x\n", status));        return status;    }    pDevContext = GetDeviceContext(device);    status = WdfDeviceCreateDeviceInterface(device,                                (LPGUID) &GUID_DEVINTERFACE_OSRUSBFX2,                                NULL);// Reference String    if (!NT_SUCCESS(status)) {        KdPrint(("WdfDeviceCreateDeviceInterface failed 0x%x\n", status));        return status;    }    return status;}NTSTATUSEvtDevicePrepareHardware(    IN WDFDEVICE    Device,    IN WDFCMRESLIST ResourceList,    IN WDFCMRESLIST ResourceListTranslated    ){    NTSTATUS                            status;    PDEVICE_CONTEXT                     pDeviceContext;    WDF_USB_DEVICE_SELECT_CONFIG_PARAMS configParams;    UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(ResourceList);    UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(ResourceListTranslated);    pDeviceContext = GetDeviceContext(Device);    //    // Create the USB device if it is not already created.    //    if (pDeviceContext->UsbDevice == NULL) {        status = WdfUsbTargetDeviceCreate(Device,                                    WDF_NO_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES,                                    &pDeviceContext->UsbDevice);        if (!NT_SUCCESS(status)) {            KdPrint(("WdfUsbTargetDeviceCreate failed 0x%x\n", status));                    return status;        }    }        WDF_USB_DEVICE_SELECT_CONFIG_PARAMS_INIT_SINGLE_INTERFACE(&configParams);    status = WdfUsbTargetDeviceSelectConfig(pDeviceContext->UsbDevice,                                        WDF_NO_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES,                                        &configParams);    if(!NT_SUCCESS(status)) {        KdPrint(("WdfUsbTargetDeviceSelectConfig failed 0x%x\n", status));        return status;    }    pDeviceContext->UsbInterface =                  configParams.Types.SingleInterface.ConfiguredUsbInterface;    return status;}