本文是博客《集成 Maven 2 插件到 Eclipse 的过程》和《将本地开发的 Maven 2 项目部署到 Linux Tomcat 下的步骤》的姊妹篇。本文介绍如何使用已安装好的 Maven 2 插件开发一个 JEE 项目。
1.新建 Maven 项目
Eclipse 的 Package Explorer 视图下右击 -> New -> Maven -> Maven Project -> Next -> Select project name and location 对话框直接点 Next -> Select an Archetype 对话框，Catalog 选择 "All Catalogs"，Filter 选择 Group Id 为 "org.apache.maven.archetypes"、Artifact Id 为 "maven-archetype-quickstart"、Version 为 "1.1" 的那个，点 Next -> Enter an artifact id 对话框，Group Id 输入项目组 "mia"，Artifact Id 输入 "noti-service"(最好是你的项目名)，Version 输入版本号 "1.0.0"，Package 输入主干包名 "com.defonds.noti"，点击 Finish，新的 Maven 项目 noti-service 生成。如下图所示：
根据项目的需要，引入所依赖的包。作者的 pom.xml 示例如下：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>mia</groupId> <artifactId>noti-service</artifactId> <version>1.0.0</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>noti-service</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <spring.version>3.1.2.RELEASE</spring.version> <httpClient.version>4.1.3</httpClient.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- uniform spring version and using new spring MVC annotation begin--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- uniform spring version and using new spring MVC annotation end--> <dependency> <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId> <version>1.9.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId> <version>1.9.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.16</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.ibatis</groupId> <artifactId>ibatis-sqlmap</artifactId> <version>2.3.4.726</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-lang</groupId> <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId> <version>2.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId> <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId> <version>1.2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-exec</groupId> <artifactId>commons-exec</artifactId> <version>1.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.19</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>1.6.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>1.6.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId> <version>${httpClient.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpcore</artifactId> <version>${httpClient.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpmime</artifactId> <version>${httpClient.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-codec</groupId> <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId> <version>1.6</version> </dependency> <!-- api invoker --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId> <artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId> <version>3.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>dom4j</groupId> <artifactId>dom4j</artifactId> <version>1.6.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>json</groupId> <artifactId>json</artifactId> <version>2.3</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <source>1.6</source> <target>1.6</target> <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> <failOnError>false</failOnError> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <archive> <addMavenDescriptor>false</addMavenDescriptor> </archive> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId> <executions> <execution> <id>attach-sources</id> <phase>verify</phase> <goals> <goal>jar</goal> </goals> </execution> </executions> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.2-beta-1</version> <configuration> <descriptors> <descriptor>assembly.xml</descriptor> </descriptors> <appendAssemblyId>false</appendAssemblyId> </configuration> <executions> <execution> <id>make-assembly</id> <phase>package</phase> <goals> <goal>single</goal> </goals> </execution> </executions> </plugin> </plugins> </build></project>3.新建 web.xml
src - main 下新建目录 webapp，webapp 下新建目录 WEB-INF，WEB-INF 下新建 web.xml，如下图所示：
根据项目的实际需要编辑 web.xml，作者的示例如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"> <display-name>noti-service</display-name> <context-param> <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/log4j.properties</param-value> </context-param> <context-param> <param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name> <param-value>noti-service.root</param-value> </context-param> <context-param> <param-name>log4jRefreshInterval</param-name> <param-value>60000</param-value> </context-param> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext*.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class> </listener> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <filter> <filter-name>SetCharacterEncoding</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>SetCharacterEncoding</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- Spring MVC see /WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml --> <servlet> <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- session timeout, unit: second --> <session-config> <session-timeout>120</session-timeout> </session-config></web-app>
4.新建资源目录
src - main 和 src - test 下分别新建目录 resources。
5.修改 .classpath
切换至 Eclipse 的 Navigator 视图，编辑 noti-service 项目下的 .classpath 文件内容如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><classpath> <classpathentry kind="src" path="src/main/java"/> <classpathentry kind="src" path="src/main/resources"/> <classpathentry kind="src" path="src/test/java"/> <classpathentry kind="src" path="src/test/resources"/> <classpathentry kind="con" path="org.eclipse.jdt.launching.JRE_CONTAINER"/> <classpathentry kind="con" path="org.maven.ide.eclipse.MAVEN2_CLASSPATH_CONTAINER"/> <classpathentry kind="var" path="TOMCAT_HOME/lib/servlet-api.jar"/> <classpathentry kind="var" path="TOMCAT_HOME/lib/jasper.jar"/> <classpathentry kind="var" path="TOMCAT_HOME/lib/jsp-api.jar"/> <classpathentry kind="var" path="TOMCAT_HOME/lib/el-api.jar"/> <classpathentry kind="var" path="TOMCAT_HOME/lib/annotations-api.jar"/> <classpathentry kind="output" path="src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/classes"/></classpath>
编辑好保存后，Package Explorer 视图下的 noti-service 如下：
首先要安装 tomcat 插件，可以参考《集成 Tomcat 插件到 Eclipse 的过程》。
安装好 tomcat 插件后，Package Explorer 视图下右击项目名，点击 Properties 打开 Properties 对话框，Tomcat -> 勾选 Is a Tomcat Project，输入 Context name 内容为 "/noti"，输入 Subdirectory to set as web application root(optional) 内容为 "/src/main/webapp"，(可以参考下图)点击 OK。
7.修改 .tomcatplugin
切换至 Eclipse 的 Navigator 视图，编辑 noti-service 项目下的 .tomcatplugin 文件内容如下：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><tomcatProjectProperties> <rootDir>/src/main/webapp</rootDir> <exportSource>false</exportSource> <reloadable>false</reloadable> <redirectLogger>true</redirectLogger> <updateXml>true</updateXml> <warLocation></warLocation> <extraInfo></extraInfo> <webPath>/noti</webPath> <webClassPathEntries> <webClassPathEntry>/noti-service/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/classes</webClassPathEntry> <webClassPathEntry>org.maven.ide.eclipse.MAVEN2_CLASSPATH_CONTAINER</webClassPathEntry> </webClassPathEntries></tomcatProjectProperties>
8.断点跟踪
这时，你就可以单击工具栏里的小猫
按钮，对自己的 JEE 项目进行断点跟踪调试了。项目最终截图如下：
