Android中获取应用程序(包)的信息-----PackageManager的使用
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转载:
http://www.cnblogs.com/Ryandroid/archive/2011/11/25/2263226.html
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获取Android系统中应用程序的信息,主要包括packagename、label、icon、占用大小等。具体分为两个
?部分,计划如下:
????????????第一部分: 获取应用程序的packagename、label、icon等 ;
?????????? ?第二部分:?获取应用程序的占用大小,包括:缓存大小(cachsize)、数据大小(datasize)。
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?????? 每部分都为您准备了简单丰富的实例,您一定不会错过。
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??????Android系统为我们提供了很多服务管理的类,包括ActivityManager、PowerManager(电源管理)、AudioManager(音频管理)
等。除此之外,还提供了一个PackageManger管理类,它的主要职责是管理应用程序包。 通过它,我们就可以获取应用程序信息。
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???? 引入: AnroidManifest.xml文件节点说明:
?????
一、相关类的介绍
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????PackageItemInfo类
????? ????说明: AndroidManifest.xml文件中所有节点的基类,提供了这些节点的基本信息:a label、icon、 meta-data。它并不
?????直接使用,而是由子类继承然后调用相应方法。
??????????常用字段:
????????????? ?public int icon ????????? 获得该资源图片在R文件中的值 (对应于android:icon属性)
????????????? ?public int labelRes???? 获得该label在R文件中的值(对应于android:label属性)
?????????????? public String name?? 获得该节点的name值?(对应于android:name属性)
?????????????? public?String packagename?? 获得该应用程序的包名?(对应于android:packagename属性)
?????????常用方法:
????????????? Drawable? loadIcon(PackageManager pm)????????????? ?获得当前应用程序的图像
????????????? CharSequence? loadLabel(PackageManager pm)???? 获得当前应用程序的label
?
???ActivityInfo类? 继承自 PackageItemInfo
??????????说明: 获得应用程序中<activity/>或者 <receiver />节点的信息 。我们可以通过它来获取我们设置的任何属性,包括
????? theme 、launchMode、launchmode等
?????????????常用方法继承至PackageItemInfo类中的loadIcon()和loadLabel()?
?
?? ServiceInfo 类
??????????说明: 同ActivityInfo类似 ,同样继承自 PackageItemInfo,只不过它表示的是<service>节点信息。
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? ?ApplicationInfo类 继承自? PackageItemInfo
??????? ?说明:获取一个特定引用程序中<application>节点的信息。
?????????字段说明:
? ?flags字段:?FLAG_SYSTEM 系统应用程序
??????????? ? FLAG_EXTERNAL_STORAGE 表示该应用安装在sdcard中
?????????常用方法继承至PackageItemInfo类中的loadIcon()和loadLabel()
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? ResolveInfo类
????????说明:根据<intent>节点来获取其上一层目录的信息,通常是<activity>、<receiver>、<service>节点信息。
???????常用字段:
???????????? public? ActivityInfo? activityInfo???? 获取 ActivityInfo对象,即<activity>或<receiver >节点信息
??????????? ?public ServiceInfo?? serviceInfo??? ?获取 ServiceInfo对象,即<activity>节点信息
???????常用方法:?
??????????? ?Drawable loadIcon(PackageManager pm)??????????? ?获得当前应用程序的图像
??????????? ?CharSequence loadLabel(PackageManager pm)??获得当前应用程序的label
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?PackageInfo类
???????说明:手动获取AndroidManifest.xml文件的信息 。
???????常用字段:
?????????? public String????packageName????????????????? ?包名
???????????public ActivityInfo[]???? activities?? ?????????????? ?所有<activity>节点信息
?????????? public ApplicationInfo applicationInfo???????<application>节点信息,只有一个
???????????public?ActivityInfo[]?? ?receivers???????????? ??? ?所有<receiver>节点信息,多个
?????????? public ServiceInfo[]??? services?????????????? ?? 所有<service>节点信息 ,多个
?
PackageManger 类
??????说明: 获得已安装的应用程序信息 。可以通过getPackageManager()方法获得。
??????常用方法:
??????????public abstract PackageManager? getPackageManager()???
???????????????功能:获得一个PackageManger对象
?????? ??public abstrac? tDrawable??? getApplicationIcon(StringpackageName)
???????????????参数: packageName 包名
???????????????功能:返回给定包名的图标,否则返回null
?
???????public abstract?ApplicationInfo???getApplicationInfo(String?packageName, int flags)
?
???????????????参数:packagename 包名
?????????????????????? ? ??flags 该ApplicationInfo是此flags标记,通常可以直接赋予常数0即可
???????????????功能:返回该ApplicationInfo对象
?
????????? public abstract?List<ApplicationInfo>? getInstalledApplications(int flags)
???????????????参数:flag为一般为GET_UNINSTALLED_PACKAGES,那么此时会返回所有ApplicationInfo。我们可以对ApplicationInfo
???????????????????? 的flags过滤,得到我们需要的。
?????????????? 功能:返回给定条件的所有PackageInfo
?
??????????public abstract?List<PackageInfo>? getInstalledPackages(int flags)?
???????????? 参数如上
???? ?????? ?功能:返回给定条件的所有PackageInfo
?
???????public?abstractResolveInfo? resolveActivity(Intent?intent, int flags)
??????????? 参数:? intent?查寻条件,Activity所配置的action和category
???????????????????????? ?flags:?MATCH_DEFAULT_ONLY?? ?:Category必须带有CATEGORY_DEFAULT的Activity,才匹配
???????????????????????????????????? ?GET_INTENT_FILTERS?????? ? :匹配Intent条件即可
??????????????????????????????????????????????????GET_RESOLVED_FILTER????:匹配Intent条件即可
????????????功能 :返回给定条件的ResolveInfo对象(本质上是Activity)?
?
???????public abstract??List<ResolveInfo>? queryIntentActivities(Intent?intent, int flags)
??????????? 参数同上
????????????功能 :返回给定条件的所有ResolveInfo对象(本质上是Activity),集合对象
?
??????public abstract?ResolveInfo? resolveService(Intent?intent, int flags)
?????????? 参数同上
???????????功能 :返回给定条件的ResolveInfo对象(本质上是Service)
?
?????public abstract?List<ResolveInfo>?queryIntentServices(Intent?intent, int flags)
????????? 参数同上
??????????功能 :返回给定条件的所有ResolveInfo对象(本质上是Service),集合对象
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二、DEMO讲解
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????????????通过前面的介绍,相信您一定很了解了,本质上来讲,这些XXXInfo类不过是我们在AndroidManifest.XML文件中定义的信息,
知道到这点了,理解起来就不是很难了。
??????? ?下面我透过两个简答的DEMO,来学以致用。
???????????Demo 1: 通过queryIntentActivities()方法,查询Android系统的所有具备ACTION_MAIN和CATEGORY_LAUNCHER
????? 的Intent的应用程序,点击后,能启动该应用,说白了就是做一个类似Home程序的简易Launcher 。
???????? ??Demo 2?:通过getInstalledApplications()方法获取应用,然后对其过滤,查找出我们需要的第三方应用,系统应用,安装在sdcard的应用。
?
? ??? Demo1? :
?????????图:
??????????? ???
??1 、布局文件: 主要有两个:带listview的browse_app_list.xml文件 ;listview的项browse_app_item.xml
browse_app_list.xml
- <?xml?version="1.0"?encoding="utf-8"?>??
- <LinearLayout?xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"??
- ????android:orientation="vertical"?android:layout_width="fill_parent"??
- ????android:layout_height="fill_parent">>??
- ????<ListView?android:id="@+id/listviewApp"?android:layout_width="fill_parent"??
- ????????android:layout_height="fill_parent"?></ListView>??
- </LinearLayout>??
browse_app_item.xmlbrowse_app_item.xml
- <?xml?version="1.0"?encoding="utf-8"?>??
- <LinearLayout?xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"??
- ????android:layout_width="fill_parent"?android:layout_height="50dip">??
- ??
- ????<ImageView?android:id="@+id/imgApp"?android:layout_width="wrap_content"??
- ????????android:layout_height="fill_parent"?></ImageView>??
- ????<RelativeLayout?android:layout_width="fill_parent"??android:layout_marginLeft="10dip"??
- ????????android:layout_height="40dip">??
- ????????<TextView?android:id="@+id/tvLabel"?android:layout_width="wrap_content"??
- ????????????android:layout_height="wrap_content"?android:text="AppLable?:?"></TextView>??
- ????????<TextView?android:id="@+id/tvAppLabel"?android:layout_width="wrap_content"??
- ????????????android:layout_toRightOf="@id/tvLabel"?android:layout_height="wrap_content"??
- ????????????android:layout_marginLeft="3dip"?android:text="Label"?android:textColor="#FFD700"></TextView>??
- ????????<TextView?android:id="@+id/tvName"?android:layout_width="wrap_content"??
- ????????????android:layout_height="wrap_content"?android:layout_below="@id/tvLabel"???
- ????????????android:text="包名:"></TextView>??
- ????????<TextView?android:id="@+id/tvPkgName"?android:layout_width="wrap_content"??
- ????????????android:layout_height="wrap_content"?android:layout_below="@id/tvAppLabel"??
- ????????????android:layout_alignLeft="@id/tvAppLabel"?android:textColor="#FFD700"></TextView>??
- ????</RelativeLayout>??
- </LinearLayout>??
???????
2 、AppInfo.java : 保存应用程序信息的Model类
- /Model类?,用来存储应用程序信息??
- public?class?AppInfo?{??
- ????
- ????private?String?appLabel;????//应用程序标签??
- ????private?Drawable?appIcon?;??//应用程序图像??
- ????private?Intent?intent?;?????//启动应用程序的Intent?,一般是Action为Main和Category为Lancher的Activity??
- ????private?String?pkgName?;????//应用程序所对应的包名??
- ??????
- ????public?AppInfo(){}??
- ??????
- ????public?String?getAppLabel()?{??
- ????????return?appLabel;??
- ????}??
- ????public?void?setAppLabel(String?appName)?{??
- ????????this.appLabel?=?appName;??
- ????}??
- ????public?Drawable?getAppIcon()?{??
- ????????return?appIcon;??
- ????}??
- ????public?void?setAppIcon(Drawable?appIcon)?{??
- ????????this.appIcon?=?appIcon;??
- ????}??
- ????public?Intent?getIntent()?{??
- ????????return?intent;??
- ????}??
- ????public?void?setIntent(Intent?intent)?{??
- ????????this.intent?=?intent;??
- ????}??
- ????public?String?getPkgName(){??
- ????????return?pkgName?;??
- ????}??
- ????public?void?setPkgName(String?pkgName){??
- ????????this.pkgName=pkgName?;??
- ????}??
- }??
?3、 BrowseApplicationInfoAdapter.java : 自定义适配器类,为ListView提供视图
- //自定义适配器类,提供给listView的自定义view??
- public?class?BrowseApplicationInfoAdapter?extends?BaseAdapter?{??
- ??????
- ????private?List<AppInfo>?mlistAppInfo?=?null;??
- ??????
- ????LayoutInflater?infater?=?null;??
- ??????
- ????public?BrowseApplicationInfoAdapter(Context?context,??List<AppInfo>?apps)?{??
- ????????infater?=?(LayoutInflater)?context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);??
- ????????mlistAppInfo?=?apps?;??
- ????}??
- ????@Override??
- ????public?int?getCount()?{??
- ????????//?TODO?Auto-generated?method?stub??
- ????????System.out.println("size"?+?mlistAppInfo.size());??
- ????????return?mlistAppInfo.size();??
- ????}??
- ????@Override??
- ????public?Object?getItem(int?position)?{??
- ????????//?TODO?Auto-generated?method?stub??
- ????????return?mlistAppInfo.get(position);??
- ????}??
- ????@Override??
- ????public?long?getItemId(int?position)?{??
- ????????//?TODO?Auto-generated?method?stub??
- ????????return?0;??
- ????}??
- ????@Override??
- ????public?View?getView(int?position,?View?convertview,?ViewGroup?arg2)?{??
- ????????System.out.println("getView?at?"?+?position);??
- ????????View?view?=?null;??
- ????????ViewHolder?holder?=?null;??
- ????????if?(convertview?==?null?||?convertview.getTag()?==?null)?{??
- ????????????view?=?infater.inflate(R.layout.browse_app_item,?null);??
- ????????????holder?=?new?ViewHolder(view);??
- ????????????view.setTag(holder);??
- ????????}???
- ????????else{??
- ????????????view?=?convertview?;??
- ????????????holder?=?(ViewHolder)?convertview.getTag()?;??
- ????????}??
- ????????AppInfo?appInfo?=?(AppInfo)?getItem(position);??
- ????????holder.appIcon.setImageDrawable(appInfo.getAppIcon());??
- ????????holder.tvAppLabel.setText(appInfo.getAppLabel());??
- ????????holder.tvPkgName.setText(appInfo.getPkgName());??
- ????????return?view;??
- ????}??
- ??
- ????class?ViewHolder?{??
- ????????ImageView?appIcon;??
- ????????TextView?tvAppLabel;??
- ????????TextView?tvPkgName;??
- ??
- ????????public?ViewHolder(View?view)?{??
- ????????????this.appIcon?=?(ImageView)?view.findViewById(R.id.imgApp);??
- ????????????this.tvAppLabel?=?(TextView)?view.findViewById(R.id.tvAppLabel);??
- ????????????this.tvPkgName?=?(TextView)?view.findViewById(R.id.tvPkgName);??
- ????????}??
- ????}??
- }??
?
4 、MainActivity.java 主工程逻辑?
????????? 请仔细体会queryIntentActivities()方法,并且注意到排序,它很重要。
- <span?style="font-size:13px;">public?class?MainActivity?extends?Activity?implements?OnItemClickListener?{??
- ??
- ????private?ListView?listview?=?null;??
- ??
- ????private?List<AppInfo>?mlistAppInfo?=?null;??
- ??
- ????@Override??
- ????public?void?onCreate(Bundle?savedInstanceState)?{??
- ????????super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);??
- ????????setContentView(R.layout.browse_app_list);??
- ??
- ????????listview?=?(ListView)?findViewById(R.id.listviewApp);??
- ????????mlistAppInfo?=?new?ArrayList<AppInfo>();??
- ????????queryAppInfo();?//?查询所有应用程序信息??
- ????????BrowseApplicationInfoAdapter?browseAppAdapter?=?new?BrowseApplicationInfoAdapter(??
- ????????????????this,?mlistAppInfo);??
- ????????listview.setAdapter(browseAppAdapter);??
- ????????listview.setOnItemClickListener(this);??
- ????}??
- ????//?点击跳转至该应用程序??
- ????public?void?onItemClick(AdapterView<?>?arg0,?View?view,?int?position,??
- ????????????long?arg3)?{??
- ????????//?TODO?Auto-generated?method?stub??
- ????????Intent?intent?=?mlistAppInfo.get(position).getIntent();??
- ????????startActivity(intent);??
- ????}??
- ????//?获得所有启动Activity的信息,类似于Launch界面??
- ????public?void?queryAppInfo()?{??
- ????????PackageManager?pm?=?this.getPackageManager();?//?获得PackageManager对象??
- ????????Intent?mainIntent?=?new?Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN,?null);??
- ????????mainIntent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_LAUNCHER);??
- ????????//?通过查询,获得所有ResolveInfo对象.??
- ????????List<ResolveInfo>?resolveInfos?=?pm??
- ????????????????.queryIntentActivities(mainIntent,?PackageManager.MATCH_DEFAULT_ONLY);??
- ????????//?调用系统排序?,?根据name排序??
- ????????//?该排序很重要,否则只能显示系统应用,而不能列出第三方应用程序??
- ????????Collections.sort(resolveInfos,new?ResolveInfo.DisplayNameComparator(pm));??
- ????????if?(mlistAppInfo?!=?null)?{??
- ????????????mlistAppInfo.clear();??
- ????????????for?(ResolveInfo?reInfo?:?resolveInfos)?{??
- ????????????????String?activityName?=?reInfo.activityInfo.name;?//?获得该应用程序的启动Activity的name??
- ????????????????String?pkgName?=?reInfo.activityInfo.packageName;?//?获得应用程序的包名??
- ????????????????String?appLabel?=?(String)?reInfo.loadLabel(pm);?//?获得应用程序的Label??
- ????????????????Drawable?icon?=?reInfo.loadIcon(pm);?//?获得应用程序图标??
- ????????????????//?为应用程序的启动Activity?准备Intent??
- ????????????????Intent?launchIntent?=?new?Intent();??
- ????????????????launchIntent.setComponent(new?ComponentName(pkgName,??
- ????????????????????????activityName));??
- ????????????????//?创建一个AppInfo对象,并赋值??
- ????????????????AppInfo?appInfo?=?new?AppInfo();??
- ????????????????appInfo.setAppLabel(appLabel);??
- ????????????????appInfo.setPkgName(pkgName);??
- ????????????????appInfo.setAppIcon(icon);??
- ????????????????appInfo.setIntent(launchIntent);??
- ????????????????mlistAppInfo.add(appInfo);?//?添加至列表中??
- ????????????????System.out.println(appLabel?+?"?activityName---"?+?activityName??
- ????????????????????????+?"?pkgName---"?+?pkgName);??
- ????????????}??
- ????????}??
- ????}??
- }</span>??
?好了,第一个Demo完成 。。?
?
?Demo 2:
?????? ?demo2在布局、适配器方面和Demo1一样。只是利用了getInstalledApplications()方法,继而通过ApplicationInfo.flags来挑选
? 我们希望的ApplicationInfo对象。
?????? 图:
???????????????????????
?
?过滤应用程序如下:
- package?com.qiner.appinfo;??
- ??
- import?java.util.ArrayList;??
- import?java.util.Collections;??
- import?java.util.List;??
- ??
- import?com.qiner.appinfo.R;??
- ??
- import?android.app.Activity;??
- import?android.app.Application;??
- import?android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo;??
- import?android.content.pm.PackageManager;??
- import?android.os.Bundle;??
- import?android.view.View;??
- import?android.view.View.OnClickListener;??
- import?android.widget.Button;??
- import?android.widget.ListView;??
- ??
- public?class?MainActivity?extends?Activity??{??
- ??
- ????public?static?final?int?FILTER_ALL_APP?=?0;?//?所有应用程序??
- ????public?static?final?int?FILTER_SYSTEM_APP?=?1;?//?系统程序??
- ????public?static?final?int?FILTER_THIRD_APP?=?2;?//?第三方应用程序??
- ????public?static?final?int?FILTER_SDCARD_APP?=?3;?//?安装在SDCard的应用程序??
- ??
- ????private?ListView?listview?=?null;??
- ??
- ????private?PackageManager?pm;??
- ????private?int?filter?=?FILTER_ALL_APP;???
- ????private?List<AppInfo>?mlistAppInfo?;??
- ????private?BrowseApplicationInfoAdapter?browseAppAdapter?=?null?;??
- ????/**?Called?when?the?activity?is?first?created.?*/??
- ????@Override??
- ????public?void?onCreate(Bundle?savedInstanceState)?{??
- ????????super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);??
- ????????setContentView(R.layout.browse_app_list);??
- ????????listview?=?(ListView)?findViewById(R.id.listviewApp);??
- ????????if(getIntent()!=null){??
- ????????????filter?=?getIntent().getIntExtra("filter",?0)?;??
- ????????}??
- ????????mlistAppInfo?=?queryFilterAppInfo(filter);?//?查询所有应用程序信息??
- ????????//?构建适配器,并且注册到listView??
- ????????browseAppAdapter?=?new?BrowseApplicationInfoAdapter(this,?mlistAppInfo);??
- ????????listview.setAdapter(browseAppAdapter);??
- ????}??
- ????//?根据查询条件,查询特定的ApplicationInfo??
- ????private?List<AppInfo>?queryFilterAppInfo(int?filter)?{??
- ????????pm?=?this.getPackageManager();??
- ????????//?查询所有已经安装的应用程序??
- ????????List<ApplicationInfo>?listAppcations?=?pm??
- ????????????????.getInstalledApplications(PackageManager.GET_UNINSTALLED_PACKAGES);??
- ????????Collections.sort(listAppcations,??
- ????????????????new?ApplicationInfo.DisplayNameComparator(pm));//?排序??
- ????????List<AppInfo>?appInfos?=?new?ArrayList<AppInfo>();?//?保存过滤查到的AppInfo??
- ????????//?根据条件来过滤??
- ????????switch?(filter)?{??
- ????????case?FILTER_ALL_APP:?//?所有应用程序??
- ????????????appInfos.clear();??
- ????????????for?(ApplicationInfo?app?:?listAppcations)?{??
- ????????????????appInfos.add(getAppInfo(app));??
- ????????????}??
- ????????????return?appInfos;??
- ????????case?FILTER_SYSTEM_APP:?//?系统程序??
- ????????????appInfos.clear();??
- ????????????for?(ApplicationInfo?app?:?listAppcations)?{??
- ????????????????if?((app.flags?&?ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM)?!=?0)?{??
- ????????????????????appInfos.add(getAppInfo(app));??
- ????????????????}??
- ????????????}??
- ????????????return?appInfos;??
- ????????case?FILTER_THIRD_APP:?//?第三方应用程序??
- ????????????appInfos.clear();??
- ????????????for?(ApplicationInfo?app?:?listAppcations)?{??
- ????????????????//非系统程序??
- ????????????????if?((app.flags?&?ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM)?<=?0)?{??
- ????????????????????appInfos.add(getAppInfo(app));??
- ????????????????}???
- ????????????????//本来是系统程序,被用户手动更新后,该系统程序也成为第三方应用程序了??
- ????????????????else?if?((app.flags?&?ApplicationInfo.FLAG_UPDATED_SYSTEM_APP)?!=?0){??
- ????????????????????appInfos.add(getAppInfo(app));??
- ????????????????}??
- ????????????}??
- ????????????break;??
- ????????case?FILTER_SDCARD_APP:?//?安装在SDCard的应用程序??
- ????????????appInfos.clear();??
- ????????????for?(ApplicationInfo?app?:?listAppcations)?{??
- ????????????????if?((app.flags?&?ApplicationInfo.FLAG_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)?!=?0)?{??
- ????????????????????appInfos.add(getAppInfo(app));??
- ????????????????}??
- ????????????}??
- ????????????return?appInfos;??
- ????????default:??
- ????????????return?null;??
- ????????}??
- ????????return?appInfos;??
- ????}??
- ????//?构造一个AppInfo对象?,并赋值??
- ????private?AppInfo?getAppInfo(ApplicationInfo?app)?{??
- ????????AppInfo?appInfo?=?new?AppInfo();??
- ????????appInfo.setAppLabel((String)?app.loadLabel(pm));??
- ????????appInfo.setAppIcon(app.loadIcon(pm));??
- ????????appInfo.setPkgName(app.packageName);??
- ????????return?appInfo;??
- ????}??
- }??
????你可以在此基础上,构建更多丰富的应用。比说说Settings模块中的卸载安装应用程序等。
?