Android 自动发送邮件

本文简述的是在Android平台如何自动发送邮件（没有邮件编写界面），主要应用场景为忘记密码等安全等级较高的操作，比如我忘记密码了，点击“发送密码到我的邮箱”系统会将密码发送到注册时的电子邮件地址。

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Android平台邮件客户端

Gmail: Gmai电子邮件客户端

Email: 通用的电子邮件客户端

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解决方案

Gmail

Gmail已经支持自动发送了，所以非常简单。在使用时，需要添加

<uses-permission android:name="com.google.android.gm.permission.AUTO_SEND" /> 到AndroidManifest.xml

示例代码如下：

		 Intent intent = new Intent("com.google.android.gm.action.AUTO_SEND");		 intent.setType("plain/text");		 String[] reciver = new String[] { "[email protected]" };		 String subject = "email title";		 String body = "email body";		 intent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, reciver);		 intent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, subject);		 intent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, body);

?Email

Email不支持自动发送，但又是默认邮件客户端，所以需要添加自动发送功能。主要实现步骤为：

编写一个自动发送邮件类

主要功能为：接收用户输入，组装message对象，获取Sender实例，将message发送出去，最后删除message对象（这样已发送的邮件内容不会出现在client中，提高发安全性）

package com.android.email.activity;import android.app.Activity;import android.app.ProgressDialog;import android.content.ContentUris;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.os.AsyncTask;import android.os.Bundle;import android.text.TextUtils;import android.util.Log;import android.view.View;import android.view.Window;import android.net.Uri;import android.widget.Toast;import com.android.emailcommon.provider.EmailContent;import com.android.emailcommon.provider.EmailContent.Account;import com.android.emailcommon.provider.EmailContent.Message;import com.android.emailcommon.mail.MessagingException;import com.android.emailcommon.mail.Address;import com.android.emailcommon.utility.Utility;import com.android.emailcommon.mail.AuthenticationFailedException;import com.android.email.EmailAddressValidator;import com.android.email.mail.Sender;/** * Send email in background with account configured in Email application. * Sending message will not saved as draft or in out-going box. Usage: *  * <pre> * Intent intent = new Intent(&quot;com.android.email.intent.action.sendInBack&quot;); * String[] reciver = new String[] { &quot;[email protected]&quot; }; * String subject = &quot;email title&quot;; * String body = &quot;email body &quot;; * intent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, reciver[0]); * intent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, subject); * intent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, body); * startActivityForResult(Intent.createChooser(intent, &quot;send&quot;), 0x02); * </pre> *  * Now, attachment and multi-receiver function is unsupported. *  * @author melord *  */public class EmailSendAutoActivity extends Activity implements SendListener {    private static String tag = "EmailSendAutoAcitivity";    private Context mContext;    private String mTo;    private String mCc;    private String mBcc;    private String mSubject;    private String mBody;    private EmailAddressValidator mValidator = new EmailAddressValidator();    private SendListener mListener;    private Toast mWaiting;    private boolean enableLog = true;    /**     * Sending account email address.     */    private String mSendEmail;    /**     * Sending account id     */    private long mAccountId = -1;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        this.mContext = this;        requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);        mListener = this;        Intent intent = getIntent();        initMessageFromIntent(intent);        initAccountFromIntent(intent);        new SendTask().execute();        String msg = intent.getStringExtra("sendMsg");        if (msg == null) {            msg = "Sending message...";        }        // mWaiting = ProgressDialog.show(this, "", "sending...", true, true,        // null);        mWaiting = Toast.makeText(this, msg, Toast.LENGTH_LONG);        mWaiting.show();    }    @Override    public void onBackPressed() {        if (mWaiting != null) {            mWaiting.cancel();        }        super.onBackPressed();    }    @Override    public void finish() {        if (mWaiting != null) {            mWaiting.cancel();        }        super.finish();    }    /**     * Initialize sending account from intent.     *      * @param intent     *            imcoming intent     */    private void initAccountFromIntent(Intent intent) {        String email = intent.getStringExtra("sendAccount");        if (email != null) {            log(String.format("send email use account (%s) ", email));            mSendEmail = email;            Long[] ids = EmailContent.Account.getAllAccountIds(this);            if (ids != null && ids.length > 0) {                for (int i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {                    EmailContent.Account temp = EmailContent.Account                            .restoreAccountWithId(this, ids[i]);                    if (temp != null && email.equals(temp.getEmailAddress())) {                        log("valid account");                        mAccountId = ids[i];                        break;                    }                }            }        }    }    /**     * Initialize message from intent.     *      * @param intent     *            intent     */    private void initMessageFromIntent(Intent intent) {        String to = intent.getStringExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL);        mTo = composeAddress(to);        String cc = intent.getStringExtra(Intent.EXTRA_CC);        mCc = composeAddress(cc);        String bcc = intent.getStringExtra(Intent.EXTRA_BCC);        mBcc = composeAddress(bcc);        mSubject = intent.getStringExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT);        mBody = intent.getStringExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT);        log("to:" + mTo);        log("cc:" + mCc);        log("bcc:" + mBcc);    }    /**     * change to stand email address reference to Rfc822     *      * @param address     *            email address     * @return RFC822 format email address     */    private String composeAddress(String address) {        String addr = null;        if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(address)) {            Address[] addresses = Address.parse(address.trim());            addr = Address.pack(addresses);        }        return addr;    }    /**     * Update message. fill fields.     *      * @param message     *            email message     * @param account     *            sending account     */    private void updateMessage(Message message, Account account) {        if (message.mMessageId == null || message.mMessageId.length() == 0) {            message.mMessageId = Utility.generateMessageId();        }        message.mTimeStamp = System.currentTimeMillis();        // it will : Name<Address>        message.mFrom = new Address(account.getEmailAddress(), account                .getSenderName()).pack();        message.mTo = mTo;        message.mCc = mCc;        message.mBcc = mBcc;        message.mSubject = mSubject;        message.mText = mBody;        message.mAccountKey = account.mId;        // here just used account setting simply        message.mDisplayName = account.getSenderName();        message.mFlagRead = true;        message.mFlagLoaded = Message.FLAG_LOADED_COMPLETE;    }    private void log(String msg) {        if (enableLog) {            Log.i(tag, msg);        }    }    /**     * Really send message.     *      * @param account     *            sending account     * @param messageId     *            message id     */    public void sendMessage(Account account, long messageId) {        // message uri        Uri uri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(EmailContent.Message.CONTENT_URI,                messageId);        try {            // get a sender, ex. smtp sender.            Sender sender = Sender.getInstance(mContext, account                    .getSenderUri(mContext));            // sending started            mListener.onStarted(account.mId, messageId);            // sending            sender.sendMessage(messageId);            // send completed            mListener.onCompleted(account.mId);        } catch (MessagingException me) {            // report error            mListener.onFailed(account.mId, messageId, me);        } finally {            try {                // delete this message whenever send successfully or not                mContext.getContentResolver().delete(uri, null, null);            } catch (Exception ex) {                Log.w(tag, "delete message occur exception message uri:" + uri);            }        }    }    public void onCompleted(long accountId) {        log("send mail ok");        // return Activity.RESULT_OK when send successfully        setResult(RESULT_OK);        finish();    }    public void onFailed(long accountId, long messageId, Exception ex) {        log("send mail failed : " + ex.toString());        finish();    }    public void onStarted(long messageId, long accountId) {        log("send mail started");    }    /**     * Send message task, it is an async task     *      * @author melord_li     *      */    private class SendTask extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void> {        @Override        protected Void doInBackground(Void... params) {            // get default account, if not set, first record is treated as            // default.            // long id = Account.getDefaultAccountId(mContext);            long id = mAccountId;            if (id < 0) {                id = Account.getDefaultAccountId(mContext);            }            if (id < 0) {                Log.w(tag, "no account exists");                finish();                return null;            }            // get full account message            Account account = Account.restoreAccountWithId(mContext, id);            // A empty message            Message message = new Message();            // fill message field            updateMessage(message, account);            // Save this message. Because send API will read message in message            // db.            Uri uri = message.save(mContext);            if (uri == null) {                Log.e(tag, "save message occured an error");                finish();                return null;            }            // send            sendMessage(account, message.mId);            return null;        }    }}/** * Sending monitor *  * @author melord *  */interface SendListener {    /**     * Send failed.     *      * @param accountId     *            account id     * @param messageId     *            message id     * @param ex     *            exception     */    void onFailed(long accountId, long messageId, Exception ex);    /**     * Send begin.     *      * @param accountId     *            account id     * @param messageId     *            message id     */    void onStarted(long messageId, long accountId);    /**     * Send completed.     *      * @param accountId     *            account id     */    void onCompleted(long accountId);}

?配置

        <activity android:name=".activity.EmailSendAutoActivity" android:theme="@android:style/Theme.Translucent">            <intent-filter>                <action android:name="com.android.email.intent.action.sendInBack"/>                <data android:mimeType="*/*" />                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />            </intent-filter>        </activity>

?使用

		Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.email.intent.action.sendInBack");		String[] reciver = new String[] { "[email protected]" };		String subject = "email title";		String body = "email body";		intent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, reciver[0]);		intent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, subject);		intent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, body);		startActivityForResult(Intent.createChooser(intent, "send"), 0x02);

?处理回调

如果发送成功，会返回RESULT_OK。

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Intent intent = new Intent("com.google.android.gm.action.AUTO_SEND");  				intent.setType("plain/text");  				String[] reciver = new String[] { "[email protected]" };  				String subject = "email title";  				String body = "email body";  				intent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, reciver);  				intent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, subject);  				intent.putExtra(android.content.Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, body); 			    startActivity(intent);