当前位置: 代码迷 >> Android >> Android中获取现阶段位置的三种方式
  详细解决方案

Android中获取现阶段位置的三种方式

热度:11   发布时间:2016-05-01 12:59:58.0
Android中获取当前位置的三种方式

1.GPS定位

??在实现GPS定位前,先了解一下GPS的部分特性:

  1. GPS定位需要依靠3颗或3颗以上的卫星。

  2. GPS定位受环境影响较大,在晴朗的空地上,较容易搜索到卫星,而在室内通常是无法搜索到卫星的。

  3. GPS定位需要使用GPS功能模块,而GPS功能模块的耗电量是巨大的。

  在Android系统中,实现GPS定位的思路应该是:

  1. 获取GPS的Location Provider。

  2. 讲此Provider传入到requestLocationUpdates()方法,让Android系统获知搜索位置方式。

  3. 创建实现了GpsStatus.Listener接口的对象,重写onGpsStatusChanged()方法,向LocationManager添加次监听器,检测卫星状态。(可选步骤)

  根据以上思路,仿照Android定位功能(一)中的例子,可以很容易的得到以下实现代码:

?

public class MainActivity extends Activity {     private LocationManager locationManager;     private GpsStatus gpsstatus;     @Override     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.main);                //获取到LocationManager对象        locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(LOCATION_SERVICE);                //根据设置的Criteria对象,获取最符合此标准的provider对象        String currentProvider = locationManager.getProvider(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER).getName();                //根据当前provider对象获取最后一次位置信息        Location currentLocation = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(currentProvider);        //如果位置信息为null,则请求更新位置信息        if(currentLocation == null){            locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(currentProvider, 0, 0, locationListener);        }        //增加GPS状态监听器        locationManager.addGpsStatusListener(gpsListener);                //直到获得最后一次位置信息为止,如果未获得最后一次位置信息,则显示默认经纬度        //每隔10秒获取一次位置信息        while(true){            currentLocation = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(currentProvider);            if(currentLocation != null){                Log.d("Location", "Latitude: " + currentLocation.getLatitude());                Log.d("Location", "location: " + currentLocation.getLongitude());                break;            }else{                Log.d("Location", "Latitude: " + 0);                Log.d("Location", "location: " + 0);            }            try {                Thread.sleep(10000);            } catch (InterruptedException e) {                 Log.e("Location", e.getMessage());            }        }     }          private GpsStatus.Listener gpsListener = new GpsStatus.Listener(){         //GPS状态发生变化时触发         @Override         public void onGpsStatusChanged(int event) {             //获取当前状态             gpsstatus=locationManager.getGpsStatus(null);             switch(event){                 //第一次定位时的事件                 case GpsStatus.GPS_EVENT_FIRST_FIX:                     break;                 //开始定位的事件                 case GpsStatus.GPS_EVENT_STARTED:                     break;                 //发送GPS卫星状态事件                 case GpsStatus.GPS_EVENT_SATELLITE_STATUS:                     Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "GPS_EVENT_SATELLITE_STATUS", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                     Iterable<GpsSatellite> allSatellites = gpsstatus.getSatellites();                        Iterator<GpsSatellite> it=allSatellites.iterator();                      int count = 0;                     while(it.hasNext())                        {                            count++;                     }                     Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Satellite Count:" + count, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                     break;                 //停止定位事件                 case GpsStatus.GPS_EVENT_STOPPED:                     Log.d("Location", "GPS_EVENT_STOPPED");                     break;             }         }     };               //创建位置监听器     private LocationListener locationListener = new LocationListener(){         //位置发生改变时调用         @Override         public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {             Log.d("Location", "onLocationChanged");         }          //provider失效时调用         @Override         public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {             Log.d("Location", "onProviderDisabled");         }          //provider启用时调用         @Override         public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {             Log.d("Location", "onProviderEnabled");         }          //状态改变时调用         @Override         public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {             Log.d("Location", "onStatusChanged");         }     }; }

?

?2.基站定位

? ??此类位置的获取有赖于手机无线通讯信号,当手机处在信号覆盖范围内,手机可以获得该区域(即通讯术语中的“小区”)的识别号。因为这些识别号是惟一的,因此可以将识别号和地理坐标对应起来,因此根据识别号就可以知道地理位置。但是误差比较大。

?? MCC(Mobile Country Code)、MNC(Mobile Network Code)、LAC(Location Aera Code)、CID(Cell Tower ID)是通讯业内的名词。MCC标识国家,MNC标识网络,两者组合起来则唯一标识一家通讯运营商。从维基百科上了解到,一个国家的MCC不唯一,例如中国有460和461,一家运营商也不只一个MNC,例如中国移动有00、02、07。LAC标识区域,类似于行政区域,运营商将大区域划分成若干小区域,每个区域分配一个LAC。CID标识基站,若手机处在工作状态,则必须要和一个通讯基站进行通讯,通过CID就可以确定手机所在的地理范围。

?? 在Android当中,大部分和通讯网络相关的信息都需要经过一项系统服务,即TelephoneManager来获得。

?

/**   * Google定位的实现.<br/>   * Geolocation的详细信息请参见:<br/>   * <a   * href="http://code.google.com/apis/gears/geolocation_network_protocol.html" mce_href="http://code.google.com/apis/gears/geolocation_network_protocol.html">   * http://code.google.com/apis/gears/geolocation_network_protocol.html</a>   */  public class LocationAct extends Activity {       private TextView txtInfo;       public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {           super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);           setContentView(R.layout.main);           Button btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnStart);           txtInfo = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txtInfo);           btn.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() {               public void onClick(View view) {                   getLocation();               }           });       }       private void getLocation() {           TelephonyManager tm = (TelephonyManager) getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);           GsmCellLocation gsmCell = (GsmCellLocation) tm.getCellLocation();           int cid = gsmCell.getCid();           int lac = gsmCell.getLac();           String netOperator = tm.getNetworkOperator();           int mcc = Integer.valueOf(netOperator.substring(0, 3));           int mnc = Integer.valueOf(netOperator.substring(3, 5));           JSONObject holder = new JSONObject();           JSONArray array = new JSONArray();           JSONObject data = new JSONObject();           try {               holder.put("version", "1.1.0");               holder.put("host", "maps.google.com");               holder.put("address_language", "zh_CN");               holder.put("request_address", true);               holder.put("radio_type", "gsm");               holder.put("carrier", "HTC");               data.put("cell_id", cid);               data.put("location_area_code", lac);               data.put("mobile_countyr_code", mcc);               data.put("mobile_network_code", mnc);               array.put(data);               holder.put("cell_towers", array);           } catch (JSONException e) {               e.printStackTrace();           }           DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();           HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://www.google.com/loc/json");           StringEntity stringEntity = null;           try {               stringEntity = new StringEntity(holder.toString());           } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {               e.printStackTrace();           }           httpPost.setEntity(stringEntity);           HttpResponse httpResponse = null;           try {               httpResponse = client.execute(httpPost);           } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {               e.printStackTrace();           } catch (IOException e) {               e.printStackTrace();           }           HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();           InputStream is = null;           try {               is = httpEntity.getContent();           } catch (IllegalStateException e) {               e.printStackTrace();           } catch (IOException e) {               // TODO Auto-generated catch block               e.printStackTrace();           }           InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is);           BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(isr);           StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();           try {               String result = "";               while ((result = reader.readLine()) != null) {                   stringBuffer.append(result);               }           } catch (IOException e) {               e.printStackTrace();           }           txtInfo.setText(stringBuffer.toString());       }  }

?3.网络定位(wife定位)

?其原理是首先收集每个WIFI无线接入点的位置,对每个无线路由器进行唯一的标识,在数据库中注明这些接入点的具体位置。 使用时,一旦发现有WI-FI接入点,则进入到数据中查看匹配的记录,进而得到位置信息。

? WIFI定位主要取决于节点(node)的物理地址(mac address)。与提供TelephoneManager一样,Android也提供了获取WIFI信息的接口:WifiManager。

public class WiFiInfoManager implements Serializable {      private static final long serialVersionUID = -4582739827003032383L;      private Context context;      public WiFiInfoManager(Context context) {         super();         this.context = context;     }      public WifiInfo getWifiInfo() {         WifiManager manager = (WifiManager) context                 .getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);         WifiInfo info = new WifiInfo();         info.mac = manager.getConnectionInfo().getBSSID();         Log.i("TAG", "WIFI MAC is:" + info.mac);         return info;     }      public class WifiInfo {          public String mac;          public WifiInfo() {             super();         }       }     } 	//上面是取到WIFI的mac地址的方法,下面是把地址发送给google服务器,代码如下: 	public static Location getWIFILocation(WifiInfo wifi) { 	        if (wifi == null) { 	            Log.i("TAG", "wifi is null."); 	            return null; 	        } 	        DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(); 	        HttpPost post = new HttpPost("http://www.google.com/loc/json"); 	        JSONObject holder = new JSONObject(); 	        try { 	            holder.put("version", "1.1.0"); 	            holder.put("host", "maps.google.com"); 	 	            JSONObject data; 	            JSONArray array = new JSONArray(); 	            if (wifi.mac != null && wifi.mac.trim().length() > 0) { 	                data = new JSONObject(); 	                data.put("mac_address", wifi.mac); 	                data.put("signal_strength", 8); 	                data.put("age", 0); 	                array.put(data); 	            } 	            holder.put("wifi_towers", array); 	            Log.i("TAG", "request json:" + holder.toString()); 	            StringEntity se = new StringEntity(holder.toString()); 	            post.setEntity(se); 	            HttpResponse resp = client.execute(post); 	            int state = resp.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); 	            if (state == HttpStatus.SC_OK) { 	                HttpEntity entity = resp.getEntity(); 	                if (entity != null) { 	                    BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader( 	                            new InputStreamReader(entity.getContent())); 	                    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); 	                    String resute = ""; 	                    while ((resute = br.readLine()) != null) { 	                        sb.append(resute); 	                    } 	                    br.close(); 	 	                    Log.i("TAG", "response json:" + sb.toString()); 	                    data = new JSONObject(sb.toString()); 	                    data = (JSONObject) data.get("location"); 	 	                    Location loc = new Location( 	                            android.location.LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER); 	                    loc.setLatitude((Double) data.get("latitude")); 	                    loc.setLongitude((Double) data.get("longitude")); 	                    loc.setAccuracy(Float.parseFloat(data.get("accuracy") 	                            .toString())); 	                    loc.setTime(System.currentTimeMillis()); 	                    return loc; 	                } else { 	                    return null; 	                } 	            } else { 	                Log.v("TAG", state + ""); 	                return null; 	            } 	 	        } catch (Exception e) { 	            Log.e("TAG", e.getMessage()); 	            return null; 	        } 	    } 
?
  相关解决方案