转于:http://my.oschina.net/fengheju/blog/179218
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最近学习对话框时发现有两种类型的可供使用,一种是Dialog,另一种则是Android 3.0 引入的基于Fragment的DialogFragment。
从代码的编写角度看,Dialog使用起来要更为简单,但是Google则是推荐尽量使用DialogFragment(对于Android 3.0以下的版本,可以结合使用support包中提供的DialogFragment以及FragmentActivity)。今天试着用这两种方式来创建对话框,发现DialogFragment果然有一个非常好的特性(在手机配置变化,导致Activity需要重新创建时,例如旋屏,基于DialogFragment的对话框将会由FragmentManager自动重建,然而基于Dialog实现的对话框则没有这样的能力)。
下面是两段实例代码:
他们使用的界面都一样:(dialog.xml)
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 | <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?> < LinearLayout xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" ???? android:layout_width = "match_parent" ???? android:layout_height = "match_parent" ???? android:orientation = "vertical" > ? ???? < ImageView ???????? android:layout_width = "wrap_content" ???????? android:layout_height = "wrap_content" ???????? android:src = "@drawable/ic_launcher" /> ? </ LinearLayout > |
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1.基于Dialog实现的对话框
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 | public class MainActivity extends Activity { ???? private Button clk; ???? private Dialog dialog; ???? @Override ???? protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { ???????? super .onCreate(savedInstanceState); ???????? setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); ???????? ????????? clk = (Button) findViewById(R.id.clk); ???????? dialog = new Dialog( this ); ???????? dialog.setContentView(R.layout.dialog); ???????? clk.setOnClickListener( new OnClickListener() { ???????????? ????????????? @Override ???????????? public void onClick(View v) { ???????????????? dialog.show(); ???????????? } ???????? }); ???? } } |
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当我们点击按钮时,会弹出对话框(内容为android logo),当我们旋转屏幕后,Activity重新创建,整个Activity的界面没有问题,而对话框消失了。
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除此之外,其实还有一个问题,就是在logcat中会看到异常信息:Android..leaked .. window,这是因为在Activity结束之前,Android要求所有的Dialog必须要关闭。我们旋屏后,Activity会被重建,而上面的代码逻辑并没有考虑到对话框的状态以及是否已关闭。
于是将上述代码修改为:
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 | public class MainActivity extends Activity { ???? private Button clk; ???? private Dialog dialog; ???? @Override ???? protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { ???????? super .onCreate(savedInstanceState); ???????? setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); ???????? ????????? clk = (Button) findViewById(R.id.clk); ???????? dialog = new Dialog( this ); ???????? dialog.setContentView(R.layout.dialog); ???????? clk.setOnClickListener( new OnClickListener() { ???????????? ????????????? @Override ???????????? public void onClick(View v) { ???????????????? dialog.show(); ???????????? } ???????? }); ? ???????? //用户恢复对话框的状态 ???????? if (savedInstanceState != null && savedInstanceState.getBoolean( "dialog_show" )) ???????????? clk.performClick(); ???? } ? ???? /** ????? * 用于保存对话框的状态以便恢复 ????? */ ???? @Override ???? protected void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) { ???????? super .onSaveInstanceState(outState); ???????? if (dialog != null && dialog.isShowing()) ???????????? outState.putBoolean( "dialog_show" , true ); ???????? else ???????????? outState.putBoolean( "dialog_show" , false ); ???? } ? ???? /** ????? * 在Activity销毁之前,确保对话框以关闭 ????? */ ???? @Override ???? protected void onDestroy() { ???????? super .onDestroy(); ???????? if (dialog != null && dialog.isShowing()) ???????????? dialog.dismiss(); ???? } } |
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2. 基于DialogFragment的对话框
与上面的对话框使用同样的界面布局,此处仅仅展现一个简单对话框,因此只重写了onCreateView方法
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | public class MyDialogFragment extends DialogFragment { ???? @Override ???? public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, ???????????? Bundle savedInstanceState) { ???????? View v = inflater.inflate(R.layout.dialog, container, false ); ???????? return v; ???? } } |
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 | public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity { ???? private Button clk; ???? @Override ???? protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { ???????? super .onCreate(savedInstanceState); ???????? setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); ???????? ????????? clk = (Button) findViewById(R.id.clk); ???????? clk.setOnClickListener( new OnClickListener() { ???????????? ????????????? @Override ???????????? public void onClick(View v) { ???????????????? MyDialogFragment mdf = new MyDialogFragment(); ???????????????? FragmentTransaction ft = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction(); ???????????????? ft.setTransition(FragmentTransaction.TRANSIT_FRAGMENT_FADE); ???????????????? mdf.show(ft, "df" ); ???????????? } ???????? }); ???? } } |
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这两段代码可以实现第一种方式的同样功能,此处我们并没有去关心对话框的重建,以及Activity销毁前对话框是否已关闭,这一切都是由FragmentManager来管理。
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其实DialogFragment还拥有fragment的优点,即可以在一个Activity内部实现回退(因为FragmentManager会管理一个回退栈)