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Android 圆形/圆角图片的步骤

热度:302   发布时间:2016-04-28 00:32:38.0
Android 圆形/圆角图片的方法

Android 圆形/圆角图片的方法

目前网上有很多圆角图片的实例,Github上也有一些成熟的项目。之前做项目,为了稳定高效都是选用Github上的项目直接用。但这种结束也是Android开发必备技能 ,所以今天就来简单研究一下该技术,分享给大家。

预备知识:

Xfermode介绍:

下面是Android ApiDemo里的“Xfermodes”实例,效果图。

\

Xfermode有三个子类,结构如下:

view sourceprint?
1.publicclass
2.Xfermode
3.extendsObject
4.java.lang.Object
5.?    android.graphics.Xfermode
6.Known Direct Subclasses
7.AvoidXfermode, PixelXorXfermode, PorterDuffXfermode

AvoidXfermode 指定了一个颜色和容差,强制Paint避免在它上面绘图(或者只在它上面绘图)。

PixelXorXfermode 当覆盖已有的颜色时,应用一个简单的像素异或操作。

PorterDuffXfermode 这是一个非常强大的转换模式,使用它,可以使用图像合成的16条Porter-Duff规则的任意一条来控制Paint如何与已有的Canvas图像进行交互。


上面图片种显示的16种模式介绍如下:

1.PorterDuff.Mode.CLEAR

所绘制不会提交到画布上。
2.PorterDuff.Mode.SRC

显示上层绘制图片
3.PorterDuff.Mode.DST

显示下层绘制图片
4.PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_OVER

正常绘制显示,上下层绘制叠盖。
5.PorterDuff.Mode.DST_OVER

上下层都显示。下层居上显示。
6.PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_IN

取两层绘制交集。显示上层。
7.PorterDuff.Mode.DST_IN

取两层绘制交集。显示下层。
8.PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_OUT

取上层绘制非交集部分。
9.PorterDuff.Mode.DST_OUT

取下层绘制非交集部分。
10.PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_ATOP

取下层非交集部分与上层交集部分
11.PorterDuff.Mode.DST_ATOP

取上层非交集部分与下层交集部分
12.PorterDuff.Mode.XOR

异或:去除两图层交集部分
13.PorterDuff.Mode.DARKEN

取两图层全部区域,交集部分颜色加深
14.PorterDuff.Mode.LIGHTEN

取两图层全部,点亮交集部分颜色
15.PorterDuff.Mode.MULTIPLY

取两图层交集部分叠加后颜色
16.PorterDuff.Mode.SCREEN

取两图层全部区域,交集部分变为透明色


了解了上面的知识点后,我们根据上面的知识点先来实现第一种圆角图片制作方式:

原图:

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先看这一段代码

view sourceprint?
01.privateImageView mImg;
02. 
03.@Override
04.protectedvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
05.super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
06.setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
07.mImg = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.img);
08. 
09.//获得imageview中设置的图片
10.BitmapDrawable drawable = (BitmapDrawable) mImg.getDrawable();
11.Bitmap bmp = drawable.getBitmap();
12.//获得图片的宽,并创建结果bitmap
13.intwidth = bmp.getWidth();
14.Bitmap resultBmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, width,
15.Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
16.Paint paint =new Paint();
17.Canvas canvas =new Canvas(resultBmp);
18.//画圆
19.canvas.drawCircle(width /2, width / 2, width /2, paint);
20.paint.setXfermode(newPorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_IN));// 选择交集去上层图片
21.canvas.drawBitmap(bmp,0, 0, paint);
22.mImg.setImageBitmap(resultBmp);
23.bmp.recycle();
24. 
25.}

通过运行上面的代码,我们得出的结果如下:

\

大家看到这是我们需要的结果。可是这样做可能导致OutOfMomery异常。假如图片很大或者你可能并非通过ImageView的getDrawable获得图像,而是直接Decode一张很大的图片加载到内存,你会发现可能会出现异常。我们做一下改变。

view sourceprint?
01.privatestatic final String TAG = "RoundImage";
02.privateImageView mImg;
03. 
04.@Override
05.protectedvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
06.super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
07.setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
08.mImg = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.img);
09.// 裁剪图片
10.BitmapFactory.Options options =new BitmapFactory.Options();
11.options.inJustDecodeBounds =true;
12.BitmapFactory
13..decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.avatar, options);
14.Log.d(TAG,"original outwidth: " + options.outWidth);
15.// 此宽度是目标ImageView希望的大小,你可以自定义ImageView,然后获得ImageView的宽度。
16.intdstWidth = 150;
17.// 我们需要加载的图片可能很大,我们先对原有的图片进行裁剪
18.intsampleSize = calculateInSampleSize(options, dstWidth, dstWidth);
19.options.inSampleSize = sampleSize;
20.options.inJustDecodeBounds =false;
21.Log.d(TAG,"sample size: " + sampleSize);
22.Bitmap bmp = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),
23.R.drawable.avatar, options);
24. 
25.// 绘制图片
26.Bitmap resultBmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(dstWidth, dstWidth,
27.Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
28.Paint paint =new Paint();
29.paint.setAntiAlias(true);
30.Canvas canvas =new Canvas(resultBmp);
31.// 画圆
32.canvas.drawCircle(dstWidth /2, dstWidth / 2, dstWidth /2, paint);
33.// 选择交集去上层图片
34.paint.setXfermode(newPorterDuffXfermode(PorterDuff.Mode.SRC_IN));
35.canvas.drawBitmap(bmp,new Rect(0,0, bmp.getWidth(), bmp.getWidth()),
36.newRect(0,0, dstWidth, dstWidth), paint);
37.mImg.setImageBitmap(resultBmp);
38.bmp.recycle();
39.}
40. 
41.privateint calculateInSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options,
42.intreqWidth, int reqHeight) {
43.// Raw height and width of image
44.finalint height = options.outHeight;
45.finalint width = options.outWidth;
46.intinSampleSize = 1;
47. 
48.if(height > reqHeight || width > reqWidth) {
49. 
50.finalint halfHeight = height / 2;
51.finalint halfWidth = width / 2;
52. 
53.// Calculate the largest inSampleSize value that is a power of 2 and
54.// keeps both
55.// height and width larger than the requested height and width.
56.while((halfHeight / inSampleSize) > reqHeight
57.&& (halfWidth / inSampleSize) > reqWidth) {
58.inSampleSize *=2;
59.}
60.}
61.returninSampleSize;
62.}

再来看一下效果:

\

上面提供了一种方式,更多细节,需要你自己去优化,下面介绍第二种绘制圆角图片的方式。

首先我们需要了解一个类BitmapShader

引用的介绍如下:

public BitmapShader(Bitmap bitmap,Shader.TileMode tileX,Shader.TileMode tileY)

调用这个方法来产生一个画有一个位图的渲染器(Shader)。

bitmap 在渲染器内使用的位图

tileX The tiling mode for x to draw the bitmap in. 在位图上X方向花砖模式

tileY The tiling mode for y to draw the bitmap in. 在位图上Y方向花砖模式

TileMode:(一共有三种)

CLAMP :如果渲染器超出原始边界范围,会复制范围内边缘染色。

REPEAT :横向和纵向的重复渲染器图片,平铺。

MIRROR :横向和纵向的重复渲染器图片,这个和REPEAT 重复方式不一样,他是以镜像方式平铺。

知道这个原理后,我们贴出对应的代码:
view sourceprint?
01.publicclass CircleImageView extendsImageView {
02. 
03.privatestatic final String TAG = CircleImageView.class.getSimpleName();
04.privatePaint mBitmapPaint = new Paint();
05.privateint mRadius;
06. 
07.publicCircleImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, intdefStyleAttr) {
08.super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
09.init();
10.}
11. 
12.publicCircleImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
13.super(context, attrs);
14.init();
15.}
16. 
17.publicCircleImageView(Context context) {
18.super(context);
19.init();
20.}
21. 
22.privatevoid init() {
23.BitmapDrawable drawable = (BitmapDrawable) getDrawable();
24.if(drawable == null) {
25.Log.i(TAG,"drawable: null");
26.return;
27.}
28.Bitmap bmp = drawable.getBitmap();
29.BitmapShader shader =new BitmapShader(bmp, TileMode.CLAMP,
30.TileMode.CLAMP);
31.mBitmapPaint.setShader(shader);
32.mBitmapPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
33.invalidate();
34.}
35. 
36.@Override
37.protectedvoid onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
38.if(getDrawable() == null) {
39.return;
40.}
41.mRadius = Math.min(getWidth()/2, getHeight()/2);
42.canvas.drawCircle(getWidth() /2, getHeight() / 2, mRadius,
43.mBitmapPaint);
44.}
45. 
46.}

是不是挺简单的

结果我就不显示了,跟上面的一样。上面也是最原始的代码,文章的结尾贴出一份完整优化过的代码共大家参考如下:

view sourceprint?
001.publicclass CircleImageView extendsImageView {
002. 
003.privatestatic final ScaleType SCALE_TYPE = ScaleType.CENTER_CROP;
004. 
005.privatestatic final Bitmap.Config BITMAP_CONFIG = Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888;
006.privatestatic final int COLORDRAWABLE_DIMENSION = 1;
007. 
008.privatestatic final int DEFAULT_BORDER_WIDTH = 0;
009.privatestatic final int DEFAULT_BORDER_COLOR = Color.BLACK;
010. 
011.privatefinal RectF mDrawableRect = new RectF();
012.privatefinal RectF mBorderRect = new RectF();
013. 
014.privatefinal Matrix mShaderMatrix = new Matrix();
015.privatefinal Paint mBitmapPaint = new Paint();
016.privatefinal Paint mBorderPaint = new Paint();
017. 
018.privateint mBorderColor = DEFAULT_BORDER_COLOR;
019.privateint mBorderWidth = DEFAULT_BORDER_WIDTH;
020. 
021.privateBitmap mBitmap;
022.privateBitmapShader mBitmapShader;
023.privateint mBitmapWidth;
024.privateint mBitmapHeight;
025. 
026.privatefloat mDrawableRadius;
027.privatefloat mBorderRadius;
028. 
029.privateboolean mReady;
030.privateboolean mSetupPending;
031. 
032.publicCircleImageView(Context context) {
033.super(context);
034. 
035.init();
036.}
037. 
038.publicCircleImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
039.this(context, attrs,0);
040.}
041. 
042.publicCircleImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, intdefStyle) {
043.super(context, attrs, defStyle);
044. 
045.TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.CircleImageView, defStyle,0);
046. 
047.mBorderWidth = a.getDimensionPixelSize(R.styleable.CircleImageView_border_width, DEFAULT_BORDER_WIDTH);
048.mBorderColor = a.getColor(R.styleable.CircleImageView_border_color, DEFAULT_BORDER_COLOR);
049. 
050.a.recycle();
051. 
052.init();
053.}
054. 
055.privatevoid init() {
056.super.setScaleType(SCALE_TYPE);
057.mReady =true;
058. 
059.if(mSetupPending) {
060.setup();
061.mSetupPending =false;
062.}
063.}
064. 
065.@Override
066.publicScaleType getScaleType() {
067.returnSCALE_TYPE;
068.}
069. 
070.@Override
071.publicvoid setScaleType(ScaleType scaleType) {
072.if(scaleType != SCALE_TYPE) {
073.thrownew IllegalArgumentException(String.format("ScaleType %s not supported.", scaleType));
074.}
075.}
076. 
077.@Override
078.protectedvoid onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
079.if(getDrawable() == null) {
080.return;
081.}
082. 
083.canvas.drawCircle(getWidth() /2, getHeight() / 2, mDrawableRadius, mBitmapPaint);
084.if(mBorderWidth != 0) {
085.canvas.drawCircle(getWidth() /2, getHeight() / 2, mBorderRadius, mBorderPaint);
086.}
087.}
088. 
089.@Override
090.protectedvoid onSizeChanged(intw, int h, int oldw, intoldh) {
091.super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh);
092.setup();
093.}
094. 
095.publicint getBorderColor() {
096.returnmBorderColor;
097.}
098. 
099.publicvoid setBorderColor(intborderColor) {
100.if(borderColor == mBorderColor) {
101.return;
102.}
103. 
104.mBorderColor = borderColor;
105.mBorderPaint.setColor(mBorderColor);
106.invalidate();
107.}
108. 
109.publicint getBorderWidth() {
110.returnmBorderWidth;
111.}
112. 
113.publicvoid setBorderWidth(intborderWidth) {
114.if(borderWidth == mBorderWidth) {
115.return;
116.}
117. 
118.mBorderWidth = borderWidth;
119.setup();
120.}
121. 
122.@Override
123.publicvoid setImageBitmap(Bitmap bm) {
124.super.setImageBitmap(bm);
125.mBitmap = bm;
126.setup();
127.}
128. 
129.@Override
130.publicvoid setImageDrawable(Drawable drawable) {
131.super.setImageDrawable(drawable);
132.mBitmap = getBitmapFromDrawable(drawable);
133.setup();
134.}
135. 
136.@Override
137.publicvoid setImageResource(intresId) {
138.super.setImageResource(resId);
139.mBitmap = getBitmapFromDrawable(getDrawable());
140.setup();
141.}
142. 
143.@Override
144.publicvoid setImageURI(Uri uri) {
145.super.setImageURI(uri);
146.mBitmap = getBitmapFromDrawable(getDrawable());
147.setup();
148.}
149. 
150.privateBitmap getBitmapFromDrawable(Drawable drawable) {
151.if(drawable == null) {
152.returnnull;
153.}
154. 
155.if(drawable instanceof BitmapDrawable) {
156.return((BitmapDrawable) drawable).getBitmap();
157.}
158. 
159.try{
160.Bitmap bitmap;
161. 
162.if(drawable instanceof ColorDrawable) {
163.bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(COLORDRAWABLE_DIMENSION, COLORDRAWABLE_DIMENSION, BITMAP_CONFIG);
164.}else {
165.bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(drawable.getIntrinsicWidth(), drawable.getIntrinsicHeight(), BITMAP_CONFIG);
166.}
167. 
168.Canvas canvas =new Canvas(bitmap);
169.drawable.setBounds(0,0, canvas.getWidth(), canvas.getHeight());
170.drawable.draw(canvas);
171.returnbitmap;
172.}catch (OutOfMemoryError e) {
173.returnnull;
174.}
175.}
176. 
177.privatevoid setup() {
178.if(!mReady) {
179.mSetupPending =true;
180.return;
181.}
182. 
183.if(mBitmap == null) {
184.return;
185.}
186. 
187.mBitmapShader =new BitmapShader(mBitmap, Shader.TileMode.CLAMP, Shader.TileMode.CLAMP);
188. 
189.mBitmapPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
190.mBitmapPaint.setShader(mBitmapShader);
191. 
192.mBorderPaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
193.mBorderPaint.setAntiAlias(true);
194.mBorderPaint.setColor(mBorderColor);
195.mBorderPaint.setStrokeWidth(mBorderWidth);
196. 
197.mBitmapHeight = mBitmap.getHeight();
198.mBitmapWidth = mBitmap.getWidth();
199. 
200.mBorderRect.set(0,0, getWidth(), getHeight());
201.mBorderRadius = Math.min((mBorderRect.height() - mBorderWidth) /2, (mBorderRect.width() - mBorderWidth) /2);
202. 
203.mDrawableRect.set(mBorderWidth, mBorderWidth, mBorderRect.width() - mBorderWidth, mBorderRect.height() - mBorderWidth);
204.mDrawableRadius = Math.min(mDrawableRect.height() /2, mDrawableRect.width() / 2);
205. 
206.updateShaderMatrix();
207.invalidate();
208.}
209. 
210.privatevoid updateShaderMatrix() {
211.floatscale;
212.floatdx = 0;
213.floatdy = 0;
214. 
215.mShaderMatrix.set(null);
216. 
217.if(mBitmapWidth * mDrawableRect.height() > mDrawableRect.width() * mBitmapHeight) {
218.scale = mDrawableRect.height() / (float) mBitmapHeight;
219.dx = (mDrawableRect.width() - mBitmapWidth * scale) *0.5f;
220.}else {
221.scale = mDrawableRect.width() / (float) mBitmapWidth;
222.dy = (mDrawableRect.height() - mBitmapHeight * scale) *0.5f;
223.}
224. 
225.mShaderMatrix.setScale(scale, scale);
226.mShaderMatrix.postTranslate((int) (dx +0.5f) + mBorderWidth, (int) (dy +0.5f) + mBorderWidth);
227. 
228.mBitmapShader.setLocalMatrix(mShaderMatrix);
229.}
230. 
231.}
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